1. Testing Maryland’s Schools Drinking Water For Lead Stakeholder Workgroup Meeting July 27, 2017

2. Outline Background on Lead in Drinking Water How Lead is Regulated
House Bill 270

3. Where Do We Find Lead?
Naturally occurring element found in small amounts in the earth’s crust
Sources:
Food
Paint (banned 1976)
Soil
Dust
Gasoline (banned 1990)
Drinking water

4. Lead in Drinking Water Rarely found in source water
Water that leaves a water treatment plant is lead free
Corrosive water releases lead from plumbing and service lines into drinking water
Much of Lead exposure in water comes from:
- Lead Service Lines
- Lead Gooseneck Connections
- Pipes and Lead Solder (banned in 1986)
- Galvanized Pipes
- Brass and Bronze Plumbing devices 

5. Health Effects of Lead
Children (e.g. deficits in IQ) and Adults (e.g. increased blood pressure)
Pregnant women and children <6 years are most vulnerable

6. Lead Regulatory History
50 ppb MCL (1975 – 1991)
Lead Ban (1986, 1996, 2011)
“Lead free” = reduced Lead
Lead Contamination Control Act (1988)
EPA list of water fountains with Lead
Schools and daycare centers
Lead and Copper Rule 1991 (Revisions 2000 & 2007)
Optimize water quality to minimize corrosion
Changed MCL to AL
2011 Lead Ban is the Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act

7. How Water Safety Is Measured By EPA?
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)
maximum concentration of a contaminant allowed in public drinking water
Usually based on life-time exposure with chronic health risks
Action Level (AL)
specified concentration of a contaminant in water that triggers an action by the public water system
not health-based standard

8. Lead and Copper Rule testing at homes
Public water systems regulated for >90 contaminants (including Lead)
SDWA requires testing at source, treatment plant, and water distribution system
Water system responsible for water quality up to property line
Lead and Copper Rule testing at homes
inside property line/customer’s tap (controversy)

9. Single-family Tier 1 sites Priority
Older homes tested
Schools left out (unless have own well)
Approximately 3,000 schools in Maryland are NOT required to be tested under LCR

10. House Bill 270 Complements LCR Public and non-public schools
Covers shortcomings of LCR related to schools
Public and non-public schools
Schools not already tested under LCR
Testing for approximately 3,000 schools in Maryland

11. HB 270 Overview Where? When? How?
Samples collected from drinking water outlets
# varies from school to school
When?
Initially by July 1, 2018
Phase In Process (Pre-K to Grade 5 AND Buildings constructed <1988)
How?
Using EPA Technical Guidance (3Ts)

12. HB 270 Requirements Establish Stakeholder Group Gather Information
Adopt Regulations
Establish Waiver Protocol
Prepare Annual Report to the Governor

13. Establish Stakeholder Group
We depend on the expertise of every member of workgroup

14. Gather Information
Testing processes, protocols, efforts undertaken by schools
Other information:
# schools (public and private) in each County
Year school built and year of renovations

15. Adopt Regulations Periodic testing-establish monitoring frequency
Samples to be analyzed by MDE approved entity
Steps to be taken when there is an elevated level of lead
Address Best Practices and Cost-Effective Testing

16. Establish Waiver Protocol
A. Drinking water outlets tested for Lead in a manner that substantially complies with regulations, AND Test results show no elevated levels of Lead in any drinking water outlets in school. B. Students do not have access to any drinking water outlet, AND Bottled water is sole source of water for drinking or food preparation (i.e. no piped water).

17. Prepare Annual report to the Governor
MDE and MSDE
December 1, 2018 initially
Location of and type of drinking water outlet where elevated lead was found.

18. Contact Information:
Christina Ardito MDE Water Supply Program