2. The doTERRA Difference!
Start - lots of challenges and difficulties – reposition and define what an EO was.
Told by experts that it was impossible to get pure oils for the 100 oils they wanted!
CPTG and Co impact sourcing define the
doterra difference

3. The doTERRA Mission
Move essential oils into the mainstream – Research, purity and education
doTERRA is science focused, nothing is left to chance
Have a physician advisory board of doctors 

4. doTERRA Scientific Team -doterra.com/our company/about us/science
Dr Hill (Chiropractor)- Founding Executive, Chief Medical Officer / Chairman, Scientific Advisory Committee
well known expert in essential oils and integrative medicine
Dr Parker (Ph.D. in Nutritional Sciences) – He oversees Research & Development and Quality Control. Worked in supplement industry and in academia - published many scientific papers.
Dr. Beaumont (Ph.D. in Medicinal Chemistry) - oversees all analytical laboratory testing and Quality Control activities - over 12 years of analytical experience
Dr Parker - has published numerous scientific papers and patents on bioactive compounds, and holds memberships with the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) and the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT).

5. doTERRA Scientific Team
Alexandrea Paul - MA and MPhil degrees in ecology and environmental and evolutionary Biology- with a focus on medicinal plants- Masters in Botany on the medicinal uses of citrus.
Nicole Stevens – M.S. - Botany and Integrative Biology -Research and Development Scientist
Dr. Han Ph.D. - in Bioscience - primary focuses on Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology - Clinical Research Scientist, Research and Development. He leads various clinical and pre-clinical research projects, including products and ingredients efficacy and safety studies.
MA= Masters in business
Mphil = masters in philosophy

6. Scientific Advisors
Robert Pappas, Ph.D - Physical Chemistry. He specializes in analytical testing services for flavour, fragrance, and essential oil/aromatherapy industries. Robert developed the first aromatherapy course to be offered for college credit in the US as well as a course on the chemistry of essential oils.
Brian Lawrence, Ph.D. - pharmacognosy
Technician and as a chromatography lab manager in the pharmaceutical industry. Researcher and the director of research and development. He has published in excess of 80 original articles and reports. Also published 13 books and 18 book chapters on essential oils. In 1989, he founded the Journal of Essential Oil Research and was editor-in-chief until January He remains on the JEOR editorial board.
Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants or other natural sources.
Brian Lawrence's book – as well as acting as senior editor for the proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Essential Oils, Flavours, and fragrances – Robert tisserand referenced this book in the safety of essential oils

7. Scientific Advisors cont…
Dominique Baudoux, Ph.D. Aromatologist pharmacist, aromatherapy expert, writer, research director, and internationally renowned speaker, Dr. Dominique Baudoux is one of the world's top essential oil experts.
Aromatic medicine (also known as Aromatology) involves the use of essential oils applied intensively in therapeutic quantities, in far higher doses than are usually found in aromatherapy, through a variety of methods. Pranoram

8. Medical Advisory Panel
Dr Hill
Dr. Paul Winterton, MD - serves on the Board of Councillors for The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. He is currently researching the basic science, cell biology, and clinical application of essential oils.
Dr. David Steuer, DMD, MS, MMsC
Orthopaedics, or orthopaedic services, is the medical specialty that involves the treatment of the musculoskeletal system, which is made up of your body’s bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles.
DMD = doctor of medicine in dentistry
MMSC = Master in medical science
MS = Master of science
Information

9. Medical Advisory Panel cont…
Dr. James Geiger, MD - anaesthesiologist since Also been an aromatherapist since 2004
gives lectures and webinars on the safe use of essential oils in hospitals and surgical centres to improve patient care. Currently, he is on staff at several medical centres, orthopaedic hospitals and surgical centres, where he has introduced therapy with essential oils into the operating and recovery rooms.
it was in the hospital’s recovery rooms where he first noticed nurses using essential oils and aromatherapy to prevent and treat post-operative nausea. The diligent doctor was intrigued and began studying the scientific literature on the subject. He soon recognized that sciences, such as anatomy, physiology and the chemistry applications of aromatherapy, were similar to anaesthesia.

10. Medical Advisory Panel cont…
Dr. Joshua Yorgason, MD - an ear, nose and throat surgeon. While in practice for the past five years, he has been supportive of alternative medicine, and has used essential oils in his practice.
Dr. Jessica L.M. Herzog, MD, FAAP, ABHIM - certified Holistic Integrative Medicine physician and paediatrician

11. Medical Advisory Panel cont…
Dr. Brannick Riggs, MD – has been practicing medicine for 13 years. He specializes in Family medicine and is a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians.
Dr. Gregory L. Woodfill, D.O. Obstetrician and Gynaecologist – He studies the safe and effective use of essential oils and direct research for the advancement of essential oils in professional health-care settings and home use. He provides education for many health-care providers
MD = doctor of medicine
Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period

12. Partner research
1. Partners with physicians and hospitals around the world. defining and establishing the medical integration and use of essential oils in modern health practices.
2. He fosters education and advances in essential oil science through a number of university and research affiliations providing cutting edge science for essential oil users.
Vanderbilt
Johns Hopkins
Christies in Manchester
Research partnerships;
Joseph M. Still Research Foundation
Brandon Wilde
Jennifer Eddins, SM(ASCP)
Oklahoma University
The Retreat
University of Utah Endoscopy Lab
Southern Adventist University – Lynette Aluoch
Essential Oil University
(doterra.com website)- same route as seen in ppt

13. Ingestion Internal – in Capsules;
They are absorbed into systemic circulation via the digestive tract. Generally considered the most potent method of application
Oral – Under the tongue – localised, then systemic
Both methods are absorbed very quickly and are fast acting

14. Ingestion Cont.…. Controversy – due to lack of awareness
Years of past and ongoing research - internal usage is safe and very effective doterra science blog
Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA -GRAS)
Affirms the safe use of essential oils as flavouring agents and preservatives
Doterra science blog, Dr Axe nutritionist, Dr Pappas
Every essential oil found on FDA, GRAS list has a well documented history of internal safety – although the oils are far more than flavouring at least it sets a safety for the oils – used in cola and sodas and more- not even the purest oils!

15. Oral - process
Mucous membranes lining the respiratory and digestive tracts – produce a variety of protective substances e.g. Mucin
Mucin produces a gel like substance, Mucus
The Mucus acts as a protection and transporter
Mucous membranes are found throughout the body and perform different functions

16. Oral cont...
Research has shown that lipophilic substances bind to certain regions of mucin
Essential oils are lipophilic substances
After binding to mucin, they will travel through the digestive tract until they are absorbed into the blood stream.

17. Oral cont... Oils first have an effect on local tissues
The local effect may be felt more strongly compared to skin (more mucosa nerves & closer)
essential oils contact the mucosa –Some absorption at initial point of contact – much of oil is continually diluted
- nerves in mucosa are closer to the surface, more numerous, and can be more easily stimulated compared to the nerves in the skin.
Rapid absorption and constant dilution allow the oils to have a dramatic yet temporary effect

18. Damaging to Mucous? Studies suggest just the opposite
Many studies show – Eos- positive effect when there is a problem with the stomach’s mucous membranes;
limonene, found in citrus oils, was shown to help protect the stomach mucosa.
See doterra science blog

19. Effect of EO on Mucous Membranes
Several Eos increase digestive tract mucus production;
e.g. d-limonene is a terpene found in several citrus oils including, Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime and Orange.
In digestive tract = a good thing – increased protection for underlying mucous membrane
Essential oils have shown remarkable results on mucous membranes……

20. Effects Cont.…..
Mucus production in the respiratory tract must be more balanced to avoid congestion
Some essential oils have been shown to balance the production of mucus by regulating mucin genes;
Lavender and Eucalyptus

21. Liver-primary site for EO metabolism
When the essential oil moves into the liver, specialized enzymes work to break down individual compounds into metabolites. These metabolites continue to circulate within the body before being eliminated, primarily in urine. Some exit via faeces, through the skin, or exhaled from the lungs
When essential oils enter the bloodstream, they have an effect on the whole body. The oils circulate through the bloodstream and interact with tissues and cells throughout the body.
 Eventually the circulating oils must pass through the liver The liver is thought to be the primary site of essential oil metabolism within the body. Metabolism is a term that refers to the life-sustaining chemical reactions occurring within living cells that provide for growth, reproduction, resiliency, and response to the environment.
Many essential oil metabolites have been found to be biologically active and contribute their own favorable effects. For example, one study explored how limonene, the primary constituent in many citrus oils, is changed by the body to produce perillic acid as its primary metabolite (3). Although limonene itself is highly efficacious, perillic acid mimics the effects of limonene and can even demonstrate a stronger effect (4-6).
Metabolites are the intermediates and products of metabolism.
A metabolite retains most if not all of the properties of its parent compound. Theory!

22. Oils to avoid ingesting
Arborvitae
Birch
Cedarwood
Cypress
Eucalyptus
White Fir
Wintergreen
Prob because there is not enough historical data – use these aromatically and topically instead

23. David E. Doxey - Director, Corporate Counsel
Currently – “In addition to great science, we also engage great legal and regulatory specialists, that are local to the U.K..  These legal and regulatory specialists ensure that dōTERRA’s products are correctly labelled, with safe use directions, that are compliant within the U.K.”

24. David E. Doxey
Each product is reviewed against relevant U.K. laws to determine that the U.K. has accepted the oils as safe for use internally.
Customers should only consume oils that are labelled for internal consumption. 
within weeks we should have 32 oils that are labelled for internal use
In the U.K., the products will be labelled as food or a food additive label.

25. Helen Anderson- Corporate Counsel
EOs are safe when used as directed (see the label and Dr. Hill's usage guidelines)
EOs come from plants, many of which are obviously safe for internal use
Most of our internal-use EOs are on the GRAS list or something similar
There's little to no scientific research to support the critics

26. Helen Anderson- corporate counsel
If the concern is the effect of EOs on mucus membranes, mucus membranes are actually well-equipped to handle substances like EOs 
We track adverse events and they are rare and usually minor
There are no articles that she is aware of that speaks specifically about the safety of ingestion of oils but there are many journals that use the ingestion of oils in their experiments which obviously suggests the author thinks they are safe to ingest!
Great article on doterra science on how geranium supports the liver when taken orally
Some of these articles can be found on the doterra science blog in the bibliography section.

27. Helen – oils and children
Use less with children because they have lower body mass
Start with a single oil
Start with diffusion or topical application and dilute
Consult a health care professional before using internally

28. Helen – oils and children
Avoid eyes, ears, nose, and sensitive area
Keep out of reach of children
In the cases of toxicity reported in technical literature, EOs were not used as directed--doses well above what we recommend, inside nose, etc. 
"dōTERRA has set the bar for essential oil purity and potency through rigorous scientific research and advanced testing of each oil that is produced. dōTERRA products are safe when used as directed, even when used internally. Most of our ingestible oils are included in the list of Generally Recognized as Safe (“GRAS”) substances. Product reactions are a normal expectation of any company. dōTERRA has always tracked adverse events to our products, and they are rare and usually minor. While we take all reports of adverse events seriously, second- and third-hand reports compiled by critics are inherently suspect. We have asked the group collecting the information you refer to for more details and they have refused. As the leader in essential oils, we are occasionally the target of negative attention but we do not let it distract us. Please continue to share dōTERRA products with others so they can experience the benefits themselves. When sharing the products, just remember they should only be used as directed."
Helen

29. Kevin Jenson MS, BS Senior Technical Writer - Science
Liver?
“What we’ve published so far has stopped the aromatherapists in the US from going after us hard. If the aromatherapists in the UK have different arguments against internal use, I will be happy to write more doTERRA Science articles to placate their specific concerns.”
Pub med and cambridge science journals
Great article on doterra science on how geranium supports the liver when taken orally

30. Murray Smith Managing Director – Europe doTERRA
The product labels and formulations are reviewed against the relevant regulations, including those provided by MHRA (Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency-gov)

31. Essential oils in drinks!
Coke contains: Lemon, coriander, neroli, nutmeg and cinnamon essential oils
Many fizzy drinks contain citrus essential oils;
Lemon, Lime and Orange

32. Peppermint Scare
Claim: Peppermint EO killed a 3 week old baby, Mathew Young (BBC)
Boots Pharmacist has made up the peppermint water so that it contained an excessive amount of chloroform.
Also called trichloromethane CHCl 3. Used chiefly in medicine as a solvent and formerly as an aesthetic.

33. ATC Guidelines
Never take essential oils internally, unless under the guidance of a qualified aromatherapist who has received the necessary training in this very specialised mode of administration.
doTERRAs mission is to make these available to everyone so we could all benefit fro their full therapeutic potential using all methods of application.
In this case, doTERRA are the professionals! doTERRA have trained aromatherapists who have outlined the guidelines for us. As long as we adhere to the safety dosages we will be well within the safety parameters.
They don’t say you cant take them internally just not without guidance!

34. Robert Tisserand interview
In December 2014 Robert Tisserand was interviewed by Labron Allen, a functional medicine nutritionist based in Texas, for his Health Alert radio show.
“I have never said you should not ingest essential oils. What I do believe is that you need to know what you’re doing.”

35. LLV = 120mg of essential oil blend per serving = daily amount, e. g
LLV = 120mg of essential oil blend per serving = daily amount, e.g. four capsules of the Eomega!
1 drop of essential oil from a 15ml bottle = 60mg. So the daily amount of oil you are taking in the LLV is 2 drops of oil.

36. Summary
Teach responsible usage – always follow daily amounts – teach to use the oils for ailments for short periods, not excessive use.
Start small and less when sick- listen to body
Remember – you don’t have to take them internally.