2. Making Your Website Accessible
Presented by
John F. Sullivan
Associate Executive Director – Technology and Operations
Federation for Children with Special Needs

3. Introduction to Web Accessibility
Applications of Universal Design

4. Ed Roberts

5. Curb Cuts

6. Gratuitous Curb Cut

7. Introduction to Web Accessibility (cont.)
Challenges people with disabilities encounter navigating websites

8. Challenges - Auditory Cognitive and Neurological Physical/Motor Visual
Captioning/Transcripts for video/audio
Cognitive and Neurological
Time
Content does not cause seizures
Physical/Motor
Keyboard Controls
Visual
Multimedia Alternatives

9. Audio - Captioning
Janie Crecco
Federation Staff

10. Audio – Captioning (cont.)
Use a transcript captioning service, not auto-generated such as YouTube

11. Visual - Colorblindness
According to the National Eye Institute, about 8 percent of men (and 0.5 percent of women) of Northern European ancestry are red-green colorblind.

12. Visual – Colorblindness (cont.)

13. Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Accessibility Laws
Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

14. Section 504
“No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States... shall, solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
Source:

15. Section 508
“Section 508 provided the first-ever US federal accessibility standard for the Internet.”
Source:

16. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
In 2018, the U.S. Department of Justice is expected to issue official compliance guidelines concerning online accessibility as part of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

17. Accessibility Standards for Websites
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
Web Content Accessible Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0)

18. Web Content Accessible Guidelines 2.0 - Principles of Web Design
Perceivable
Operable
Understandable
Robust

19. WCAG POUR
Perceivable- Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive (e.g. alt tags that say what the item actually does, like ‘Submit form Button’).
Operable- User interface components and navigation must be operable (e.g., you must be able to navigate the site using a keyboard as well as a mouse).

20. WCAG POUR
Understandable- Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable, (e.g. error messaging on a form should make sense; instead of ‘Invalid field’ messaging, use ‘The field must be in a valid format’).
Robust- Content must be robust enough so it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies. In other words, don’t use tags or code that only certain browsers understand.

21. Evaluation for Website Accessibility
Website accessibility evaluation tools (
WebAIM (

22. Navigating the web with a screen reader
Navigation
Navigating the web with a screen reader

23. Evaluation for Website Accessibility (cont.)
Fixing errors (images, PDFs, captioning video, etc.)
Frameweld’s Workshop (frameweld.com)

24. Maintaining Website Accessibility
Ownership
Periodic Checks
Feedback from Users
Download Free Tools

25. Resources for Web Accessibility
Section508.gov
WebAIM.org
w3.org/WAI