1. Lesson 5- The Development of the
Colonization
and
Settlement
Lesson 5- The Development of the
New England Colonies

2. Big Ideas of Lesson 5- New England Colonies
A few years after the Plymouth Colony was founded, Puritans, looking for religious freedom, founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Religious tensions in Massachusetts Bay led to the establishment of other colonies in New England. These included Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire.
These colonies formed the region which is now called New England.
The economies of these colonies were based on small farms, fishing, lumbering, ship building, and manufacturing.
Word Cards 28-29

3. Development of the New England Colonies Influence of Geography
Reasons for Founding
Economic Activities
Pull Factors
Push Factors

4. English Settlers in New England
Make Inferences- ask student to make inferences regarding what the illustration appears to show about settlement in the New England region. Make a list of their inferences on chart paper. Then ask students to choose one of the people depicted in the illustration and write a short diary entry in their social studies journal describing what the person was experiencing in New England according to the illustration.
Making Inferences

7. The Puritans
After the Pilgrims founded Plymouth, another religious group founded another English colony nearby called the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Both Puritans and Pilgrims wanted to freely practice their religion.
Pilgrims- Wanted to separate from the Anglican Church. They had a low social status in England.
Puritans- Wanted a more pure form of their religion. They had more social status in England than the Pilgrims.
Word Card #28 Puritans

8. The Founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
1629
A group of Puritans joined other people in England to form the New England Company.
The King granted the company a charter.
The first group of Puritans sailed to New England that year.
They began a settlement named “Salem” on Massachusetts Bay.
Supplemental Materials (Unit 3, Lesson 5)
Have students read the selection and then engage students in a discussion of this colony using the following questions.
Why do you think the puritans chose to start a new settlement of their own, rather than joining the Pilgrims at the Plymouth Colony?
What economic activities were found in the colony?
The Puritans left England looking for religious freedom. What evidence is there that they did not guarantee religious freedom in their own colony?
How was this colony different from Plymouth? How is it alike?

9. Salem

10. Settlement Website

11. The Massachusetts Bay Colony
In 1629, a group of Puritans joined other people in England to form the New England Company. The same year, the King granted the company a charter. This allowed them to settle in the region called “New England”. The first group of Puritans sailed to New England that year. They began a settlement named “Salem” on Massachusetts Bay.
In 1620, John Winthrop brought a second and much larger group of Puritans from England to settle in the same area. The group included nearly one thousand colonists traveling on eleven ships. He decided Salem was not the perfect place and went to a nearby area called Shawmut, which he renamed Boston after his hometown in England.
Just like in Plymouth, the first year was very difficult and about 200 settlers died. Another 200 returned to England in the spring of Things improved and during the next 20 years more than 20,000 people settled in the colony. They were mostly Puritans.
The Puritans built many new villages, many were near Boston. Life in these villages was centered around the Puritan church which had strict rules. In the beginning, Puritan settlers got along fairly well with the Native Americans of the area. However, as the Puritans began to spread out in the region, conflict with Native Americans increased.
The region supported many different economic activities. Although the soil was rocky, some people were still able to grow crops on small farms. Other people cut lumber and used it to build houses and ships. Fishing was also important in the colony.
The colony leaders enforced strict Puritan ways of life and laws. People who did not follow Puritan ways were told to leave the colony. As a result of this, new colonies were founded in the region.

12. The Development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
The first year
Very difficult
About 200 settlers died.
Another 200 returned to England in
the spring of 1631
Things improved and during the next 20 years, more than 20,000 people settled in the colony. They were mostly Puritans.
Many new villages, of which many were near Boston.
In the beginning, Puritan settlers got along fairly well with the Native Americans of the area. However, as the Puritans began to spread out in the region, conflicts with Native Americans increased.

13. The Development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Economic Activities
Region supported many different economic activities.
Although the soil was rocky, some people were still able to grow crops on small farms,
Other people but lumber and used it to build houses and ships.
Fishing was also important in the colony.

14. The Development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Social/Cultural
Colony leaders enforced strict Puritan ways of life and laws.
People who did not follow Puritan ways were told to leave the colony. As a result of this, new colonies were founded in the region.
Salem Witch Trials- During the late 1600s Puritans of New England believed witchcraft was the devil’s work and put Puritan people in a panic.

15. Connecticut
Because Massachusetts was so rocky, people began looking for better farm land in the Connecticut River Valley.
Others began to come to the area for religious reasons.
The best known was Rev. Thomas Hooker.
Other people left MBC for other reasons other than religion.

16. Connecticut
Rev. Hooker had decided to leave Massachusetts Bay because he thought the Puritan leaders had become too strict.
He led a group of people from Massachusetts through the wilderness to the Connecticut River.
The group consisted of about sixty men, women and children as well as horses, cows and pigs.
His wife was too ill to walk so she was carried on a special horse drawn litter.
Thomas Hooker and his group founded the settlement of Hartford.
In 1636 Harford and the other earlier settlements united to become the Connecticut Colony.

17. Thomas Hooker John Winthrop
Connecticut
Thomas
Hooker
Of Connecticut
John
Winthrop
Of Massachusetts
Puritan minster
Dissatisfied in Massachusetts because he believed more power should be in the hands of more people.
Puritan minster
Authoritative
Believed only fellow Puritans should have a voice in government

18. Connecticut River

19. The Development of Rhode Island
Before Reading
After Reading
ASK:
What was the connection between the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the Rhode Island Colony?
How would you describe the character traits of Roger Williams and Ann Hutchinson?
What kind of a colony do you think Rhode Island became?

20. The Development of Rhode Island
Before Reading
After Reading

21. Rhode Island
Roger Williams left England in 1631 and settled in Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Soon after he became a minister. He was popular among the people and had many followers. He began to speak out against some Puritan ways. For example, he did not think it was fair for people to be punished if their beliefs were different from the Puritan leaders.
He stated his beliefs in his sermons at church and also in a letter he wrote to Governor Winthrop. He became very unpopular with other ministers and with the Governor. In 1635, the Puritan leaders voted to force him to leave the colony.
Roger Williams fled from Salem to an area known as Narragansett Bay. There he was helped by Narragansett Native Americans.
In 1636, many of his followers from Massachusetts Bay Colony left and joined Williams. He bought land from the Native Americans and began a settlement he called “Providence”. He set up a government that was based on the agreement of the settlers and religious freedom.
Soon after Roger Williams was forced to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony, another person began to speak out against strict Puritan practices. Her name was Anne Hutchinson. She began to hold meetings in her home where she criticized the Puritan ministers. These meetings began to attract many followers.
In 1637, Anne Hutchinson was brought to trial for speaking out and acting against the Puritan leaders. She was found guilty and ordered to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
She moved with her family and many of her followers to the area of Narragansett Bay and began a settlement on an island near Providence.
Later, her settlement joined with the one Roger Williams had founded. This became the Rhone Island Colony.
Discuss the reading and go back to the pictures.

22. Rhode Island Beliefs of Roger Williams:
Williams argued that the Puritan Church had too much power. He believed that the church and the government should be entirely separate. The beginning of the separation of Church and State.
Williams also believed in religious toleration. The willingness to let others practice their own beliefs.
In Puritan Massachusetts, non-Puritans were not allowed to worship freely.

23. The beginnings of two important American Ideals:
Rhode Island
The beginnings of two important American Ideals:
Freedom of Religion
Separation of Church and State

24. Narragansett Bay and Rhode Island

25. New Hampshire
People looking for better farmland headed north of Massachusetts and settled along the Merrimack River. Others came to the same area trying to escape the strict Puritan way of life.
Settlements begin based on farming, lumbering, and fishing.
In 1679, the settlements were all united under a charter from the king when New Hampshire became a royal colony.
7 min. funny student video about New Hampshire settlement- show if you have extra time.

26. Merrimack River

27. Colonies we studied today: Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut
New Hampshire
Colonies we studied today:
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut

28. Influence of Geography
Religious Freedom
Better Farmland
Reasons for Founding
Winters could be very harsh
Land was rocky and not very good for farming
The climate was healthier than that of the Southern Colonies
Settlements grew along rivers and the ocean.
Influence of Geography
Some small farms
Fishing
Lumbering in some areas
Ship building
Economic Activities

29. PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS
The Separatists and Puritans had been persecuted for their religious beliefs in England. This pushed them out of England
Some people were expelled from Massachusetts Bay for not following Puritan rules.
The poor soil of the Massachusetts Bay colony caused some people to seek better farmland.
PUSH FACTORS
Farmland was available in areas like Connecticut and New Hampshire
There was a hope for religious freedom.
PULL FACTORS

30. Merrimack River: New Hampshire
Salem
Boston
Connecticut River:
Connecticut
Narragansett Bay:
Rhode Island