1. New England Colonies (Pilgrims, Puritans and Persecution, Oh My!)

2. Religious Persecution in England

3. Religious Persecution in England
England broke from the Catholic Church because Henry VIII wanted a divorce, which created the Anglican church
Many Protestants thought it was still too similar to the Catholic Church, so they spoke out against it
Since England was Anglican by law, this led to lots o’ persecution
Religious Persecution in England

5. Pilgrims and Puritans are very different!
PILGRIMS are separatists, meaning that they wanted to LEAVE the Anglican church and form their own church.
PURITANS were not separatists but instead were reformers. They wanted to PURIFY the Anglican Church
Pilgrims vs. Puritans

6. Pilgrims go to The Netherlands

7. Pilgrims go to The Netherlands
Pilgrims were especially persecuted in England because they openly practiced a different form of Christianity than Anglican.
Many traveled to the Netherlands because the Dutch had laws that allowed people to openly worship any religion (religious tolerance)
Pilgrims go to The Netherlands

8. Pilgrims change their minds (The Dutch were just too Dutch)

9. Pilgrims change their minds (and go to America instead)
They did not like how their children were choosing to speak Dutch and follow other Dutch traditions.
They wanted their children to be English and drink tea!
So they went back to England and met with some investors who helped them get a charter for the New World
Pilgrims change their minds (and go to America instead)

10. Sailing Off Course & the Mayflower Compact
It was a document that said that together, they would pass fair laws to protect the general good.
Sailing Off Course & the Mayflower Compact

11. Puritans also Leave England

12. Puritans also Leave England (The Great Migration)
In the 1620s, several things happened in England that led Puritans to leave as well.
Economic Depression
Higher Unemployment
Higher Taxes
Persecution of Puritans for being dissenters
Puritans also Leave England (The Great Migration)

13. Massachusetts bay Colony

14. Massachusetts bay Colony
John Winthrop led the Puritans to the New World to form the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
A guiding principal was that the Puritans had made a promise with God to form the ideal Christian community
Religion became intertwined in the government there.
Massachusetts bay Colony

15. Governing in Massachusetts Bay

16. Thomas Hooker

17. Thomas Hooker did not like that you had to be a member of God’s elect in order to vote, so he left and formed Connecticut.
Non-church members could vote, making the colony more democratic.
He is now known as the Father of American Democracy.
Thomas Hooker

18. Roger Williams

19. Roger Williams was a Puritan that did not agree with a lot of what was happening in Massachusetts.
He wanted to breakaway from the church.
Puritans were afraid that he would cause an upheaval, so they kicked him out and he formed a new colony called Providence (Rhode Island).
Roger Williams

20. Anne Hutchinson

21. Anne Hutchinson did not believe that Christians needed to be in the presence of a minister to have a relationship with God.
Religious leaders did not believe that women should have opinions about church or public life
She was banished & formed her own colony called Portsmouth, which later combined with Providence.
Anne Hutchinson

22. New England Geography

23. New England’s climate was very different from the South.
So far north, it was very cold, the winters long, and the growing season short
The soil was rocky and infertile.
Growing cash crops was not a feasible economic goal.
New England Geography

24. New England Economy

25. Because the people and resources were diverse, the jobs were also quite diverse.
The most common jobs included Trading (merchants), Fishing, and Shipbuilding.
There were also many skilled craftsmen working in printing, blacksmithing, weaving, etc.
It was rare to see many slaves here (eventually).
New England Economy

26. New England Culture

27. The culture of New England was that most immigrants arrived in FAMILIES.
The focus was less on profit and more on RELIGION, which kept the community together (and kept outsiders away).
There was also a strong focus on Education! (so that people could read the bible).
New England Culture

28. Education

29. The Massachusetts Bay colony was the first to build schools with tax dollars.
They were also the first to pass laws requiring every child to attend school and build schools of higher education:
Harvard College was founded in 1636
The southern colonies would not open the College of William and Mary until 1693
Education