1. Francis Cabot Lowell and The New England Textile Industry
Despite the hard work and low pay, however, many young women sought jobs in the mills. Why?

2. Background – Lowell Mills
England tried to protect its textile industry
Unsuccessful
Samuel Slater – Memorized plans
Francis Cabot Lowell– Smuggles sketches
Founded textile factory in Waltham

3. Background – Lowell Mills Con’t
New England industry gets boost
Embargo Act of 1807
After War of 1812
British Cloth was cheaper
Lowell was able to compete and make a profit

4. Background – Lowell Mills Con’t
Mills employed young women
Scant opportunities to make money
1840s immigrant would work for less

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ENTREPRENEUR
Identifies an opportunity
Willing to risk financial loss in hope of making a profit
Secures financial capital
Brings together productive resources to produce a good or service

6. Activity 12.1
Annotate the passage - Francis Cabot Lowell and the New England Textile Industry
After annotation, in your group answer the discussion questions

7. HOW DID LOWELL EPITOMIZE ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS?
Identifies an opportunity
Willing to risk financial loss in hope of making a profit
Secures financial capital
Brings together productive resources to produce a good or service

8. Lowell Factory Girls Video

9. Annotate the two passages and respond to the discussion question
Activity 12.2
Annotate the two passages and respond to the discussion question

10. Class Discussion Questions
What are some incentives that apparently influenced the mill girls?
Why was it beneficial for Francis Cabot Lowell, and other mill owners, to hire women rather than men to work in the mills?
Why the mill owners were able to pay higher wages to workers than the young women could have earned by making cloth at home?
Why did immigrants replace the mill girls?

11. Wrap Up What is an incentive?
What was the incentive that motivated Francis Cabot Lowell?
Who benefited?
What incentive motivated Southern planters to grow cotton and send it to textile factories of the North?
What were the incentives of the immigrants who came to America and replaced the mill girls?
What incentive did mill owners have to hire the immigrants?
Who won and who lost when the immigrants replaced the mill girls?

12. Short Answer Answer A, B, and C
Briefly describe how Francis Cabot Lowell illustrates the attributes of and entrepreneur
Briefly explain the costs to a young woman working in a Lowell textile mill
Briefly explain the benefit to a young woman working in a Lowell textile mill