1. Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law
Gases are unique

2. Volume: What’s the Matter?
Solids and liquids have a definite volume. What does this mean? For example, 50 ml of water will stay 50 ml of water no matter what size the container it is placed inside. Likewise, if you put a Jolly Rancher in a huge container, it will still stay the same size (even though we might wish for it to get bigger!)
Volume is the amount of space something takes up.(size)

3. Gases behave differently. Think of a balloon. What happens when it pops? Where does the air go? Think about when you put more air into a tire. What happens to the spacing of the particles that were inside the tire already? Name 3 unique characteristics of gases. (think – pair – share)
Think – Pair – Share
What is the shape of a gas?
What is the volume of a gas?
Can the volume of a gas change?
Can the spacing between the particles of a gas change?

4. Unique Characteristics of Gases
Gases take the shape of their containers (think balloon and tire) In other words, they do not have a definite shape.
Gases do not have definite volumes. They fill their containers (think of the balloon popping in a room)
The amount of empty space can change in a gas (Think of filling a beach ball or tire)

5. PRESSURE
Pressure is the amount of force exerted on a given area. A beach ball has fewer particles of gas colliding inside of it than a basketball. Fewer collisions mean less force. Less force=less pressure.
How can you prove this?

6. How Gases Behave Under Pressure
video

7. Imagine a diver at a depth of 10 meters blowing a bubble of air
Imagine a diver at a depth of 10 meters blowing a bubble of air. As the bubble rises, its volume increases. By the time the bubble reaches the surface, its original volume will have doubled as a result of the decrease in pressure. (What happens to water pressure at the top of the water?)
Why do balloonists have to be careful about how much helium they use to fill their balloon?(What happens to the atmospheric pressure the higher you go in the atmosphere?)

8. Robert Boyle
The Honorable Robert Boyle (January 25, December 30, 1691) was an Irish natural philosopher , chemist, physicist, and inventor, noted for his work in physics and chemistry. He is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist.

9. Boyle’s Law
As the P the V
This law states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases as its pressure decreases. Likewise, the volume of the gas decreases as its pressure increases.

10. As pressure increases, volume decreases.
As pressure decreases, volume increases.
“I’m Volume.”
“I’m Pressure.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

11. Boyle’s Law As the P the V at a constant temperature
What do the V and P stand for in this diagram? Explain

12. Science Poetry
Write 3 haikus using what you learned today about the unique properties of gases.
Create an acrostic using the words, “States of Matter” to demonstrate what you have learned about these 3 phases of matter.

13. How Gases React as the Temperature Changes
Video

14. Jacques Charles
Jacques Charles was an 18th Century (born in the 1700’s) French inventor, scientist, mathematician and balloonist. He made the first flight in a hydrogen balloon on August 27, 1783.

15. Charles’s Law
Charles’ Law states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as its temperature increases. Likewise, the volume of the gas decreases as its temperature decreases.
Explain what would happen to this balloon if taken outside on a cold winter day

16. This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.
As the molecules heat up they move around faster and collide more often.

17. Graphing Charles’ Law

18. Charles’ Law As the T the V at a constant pressure.
What do the V and the T stand for in this diagram? Explain

19. Charles’s Law and Bicycle Tires Exit Ticket
One of your friends over inflated the tires on her bicycle. Use Charles’s Law to explain why she should let out some of the air before going for a ride on a hot day.