1. What NFPA 70E Electrical Safety Really Means to your Customers
Presented by:
Philip Allen

2. Topics Where NFPA 70E is going? 2018? How does OSHA fit in?
What is safety and how is it sold?
Why is electrical equipment maintenance such a big deal?
Predictive vs Routine maintenance
Q&A

3. NFPA 70E/CSA Z462 Highlights
Finally a mature standard
New 2018 version—CSA Z462 Identical
Maintenance is electrical safety
Better understanding of incident energy
More reliable power systems and productivity
Added “permanently mounted test instrument”
More risk based--expanded risk assessment & RCH section
Utility power plants

4. What does Risk-Based Mean?
Compliance & Process verses culture
“Under normal operating conditions, enclosed energized equipment that has been properly installed and maintained is not likely to pose an arc flash hazard.” NFPA 70E 100
OSHA “Additional Measure”
Hazard risk analysis for exception
UL-1436 introduced a SIL3 reliability standard

5. Arc Flash Causes Dropped tools, screws, nuts and bolts
Racking out switchgear circuit breakers.
Racking out MCC buckets
Voltmeter testing

6. Survey Results Improved electrical safety due to the following:
More training %
Incident Energy Management %
Program Controls %
Engineering Controls %
Reduced Arc Flash Potential %
Permanent Electrical Safety Devices (PESDs) %
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) %
Better Overall Safety Culture %

7. OSHA Violations must cite an OSHA regulation
General Duty Clause gives OSHA authority to enforce to best practices or latest consensus standard such as NFPA 70E.
(a) Each employer --
shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees;
Violations must cite an OSHA regulation

8. OSHA
State OSHA’s
AK, AZ, CA, CT, HI, IN, IA, KY, MD, MI, MN, NV, NJ, NM, NY, NC, OR, PR, SC, TN, UT, VT, VI, VA, WA, WY
Federal OSHA
AL, CO, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, KS, LA, ME, MA, MS, MO, MT, NE, NH, ND, OH, OK, PA, RI, SD, TN, TX, WV, WI

9. NFPA 70B/CSA Z463 Highlights
New 2016 version
Insure proper trip times- [ I2 * T ]
More focus on loose connections
Guidance on IR inspections
Batteries, & UPS

10. “Properly Installed and Maintained”
130.1(A)(4) Normal Operation. Normal operation of electric
equipment shall be permitted where all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) The equipment is properly installed.
(2) The equipment is properly maintained.
(3) The equipment doors are closed and secured.
(4) All equipment covers are in place and secured.
(5) There is no evidence of impending failure.
Maintenance NOW a big part of Electrical Safety

11. SAFETY IS:
The reduction of risk, not the absence of risk Reducing risk to an acceptable level—different for everyone
Risk = Hazard * Probability of exposure
Low Risk—13.8KV Switchgear
High Risk—120VAC outlets
Highest Risk—Creating and Electrically Safe Work Condition
We sell safety by getting in front of the plant LOTO committees and tell them how they can reduce risk

12. How to reduce risk:

13. Eliminating the risk
Substituting a lower risk
Engineering around the risk
Awareness of every risk
Administrating and governing actions while exposed to risk
Protect workers while exposed to risk

14. Electrical Safety Risk Reduction
Arc Flash Mitigation
Current Limiting Fuses
Open Door Thermography
PPE
Live Work Permit
NFPA 70E
GFCIs
HRG System
Signs
PESDs
Arc flash rated MCC & Switchgear
Sequestered Disconnect
Remote Racking
Hot Spot Monitoring

15. Incident Energy Summary
New installs engineer out high incident energy 40+ Cal/cm2
High incident energy is at the substation and line side of switchgear.
Most MCCs are below HRC 2 (8 Cal/cm2).
Most control panels & power distribution are around HRC 1
230VAC and bus-duct may have high incident energy
11Cal. daily wear covers workers in most areas

17. Maintenance-related causes of Shock & Arc Flash accidents…
Carelessness
Worn or broken insulation
Exposed live parts
Loose connections
Improper Maintenance
Obstructed disconnect panels (Working Space)
Wet locations near panels
High Voltage cables
Static electricity
Damaged tools
Electrical Engineering Portal, 2016

18. Predictive vs Routine Maintenance
Risk priority is the primary driver
Predictive Maintenance can often be the lower-cost option
Predictive Maintenance sometimes results in longer intervals between maintenance
The “changing the oil in your car” example

19. Causes of Hot Spots Contaminated connections
Lack of surface area on connection points
Loose connections
Improper grounding
Incorrect crimping of
connections
Improper cable training

20. Insulation Failures Due To Thermal Overloads On XFMRs
AMPACITY is a key term
Expected life of industrial XFMRs is 180,000 hours
Overheating of XFMR windings
degrades expected life
EXPONENTIALLY!
For example, a 1350C hotspot
on a industrial XFMR degrades
the life expectancy by 10 TIMES
This is what’s behind the cover…

21. A PREVENTABLE ACCIDENT…
Individual was in this position.

22. A PREVENTABLE ACCIDENT…
Placing probe tips to fuse face.

23. A PESD-PREVENTABLE ACCIDENT…
Was a 600V rated instrument being used on a 2400V system.
Evidence of arc and blast.
Circled items are pieces of instrument found scattered.

24. Closing Thoughts QuestionS?