1. ALCOHOL
THE FACTS ABOUT

2. OBJECTIVES You will be able to:
Describe what responsible use of alcohol includes
List at least 5 factors that influence how alcohol affects a person
Describe why and how alcohol affects males vs females differently
Describe what “one drink equivalent” means
Describe what the “proof” vs. % alcohol of an alcoholic beverage means
Describe what BAC is and what happens at each level of BAC in the bloodstream
Describe the affects of alcohol on judgment and driving skills
Differentiate between legal limits for BAC for <21 vs >21
List 5 kinds of drugs that are dangerous when used in combination with alcohol
Describe how alcohol affects adolescents differently
List the symptoms of alcohol poisoning
List the actions necessary when someone has symptoms of alcohol poisoning

3. AGENDA – ALCOHOL UNIT DAY 1 Share Health Articles
Poll everywhere – discussion
Alcohol Pretest
Watch “Binge Drinking: The Facts” ~24 min
Write down 10 facts from the video
Day 2
Groups of 3-4 work together to answer the objectives using the PowerPoint handout/outline
Class review/discussion

4. AGENDA (cont) Day 3 Share Health Articles
Recap important points from first 2 days
Groups of 3-4 work together on BAC and Behavior worksheets
Class discussion

5. ALCOHOL Why do some people choose to drink alcohol?
…who are of age? lm6tPGhS3A
…who are not of age? hy5A6W963
Why do some people choose NOT to drink alcohol?
NjA2Mzc4OA
What does “responsible drinking” look like?

6. THE BASIC FACTS ALCOHOL IS A DRUG
PROGRESSIVELY ANESTHETIZES BRAIN FUNCTION….STARTING WITH “HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTION” (cerebrum)

7. ALCOHOL BASICS (cont)
IF DRINKING CONTINUES, THE B.A.C. RISES, AND THE CEREBELLUM CAN BECOME AFFECTED

8. ALCOHOL BASICS (cont)
If the B.A.C. gets high enough, alcohol can ANESTHETIZE the vital function centers of the brain, slowing or even stopping breathing and heart beat

9. MORE ALCOHOL BASICS Alcohol effects every system and organ in the body
Alcohol is directly absorbed into the
bloodstream

10. ONE STANDARD DRINK = .6 oz of 100% alcohol
ONE DRINK
=12 oz. BEER
= 4-5 oz WINE (1 GLASS)
= 1 – 1 ½ oz HARD LIQUOR (~1 “shot”)

11. ALCOHOL METABOLISM
The liver can only metabolize (detoxify) the equivalent of ONE DRINK PER HOUR
NO MATTER WHAT!!
NOTHING CAN SPEED UP THIS PROCESS

12. PROOF PROOF is a term that reflects the potency of a beverage
It is an expression of the % ALCOHOL….Double the % = the PROOF
EXAMPLE:
Vodka 40% ALCOHOL = 80 PROOF

13. QUESTIONS What is the % alcohol in a 50 Proof beverage?
What is the proof of a beverage with 100% alcohol?

14. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HOW ALCOHOL AFFECTS A PERSON
NUMBER of “standard” drinks consumed
How FAST the drinks are consumed
The PROOF of the beverage
FOOD in the stomach or not

15. FACTORS (cont) Gender: Weight
Females have higher B.A.C. because:
Higher % body fat in general
less of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the stomach (alcohol dehydrogenase)
Weight
Body Type(higher body fat=higher alcohol level)

16. FACTORS (cont) Other medication or drugs in the body
EXTREMELY DANGEROUS to combine alcohol with other depressant drugs:
Tranquilizers (Valium)
Antianxiety medications (Xanax, Klonopin)
Prescription pain medications (Vicodin, Percocet, OxyContin, morphine, codeine, etc.)
“Club Drugs” – GHB, Rhohypnol
Also dangerous to combine with STIMULANTS and ENERGY DRINKS

17. FACTORS (cont) Tolerance Mood, emotions Where you are Age
Fatigue and stress

18. FACTORS (cont)
CARBONATED BEVERAGE or not
Temperature
Intentions

19. BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (B.A.C.)
LEGAL LIMITS:
<21 limit = .02
>21 limit = .08

20. ROAD SIDE SOBRIETY TEST
Test 3 motor functions:
Balance
Horizontal eye nystagmus
Coordination

21. ALCOHOL AND ADOLESCENTS
Alcohol acts differently in teenagers
Brain not fully matured…especially frontal lobe
Alcohol more likely to impair LEARNING in adolescents…effects how memories are formed…more likely to experience “blackouts”
Less likely to get sleepy from alcohol…leading to increase risk of dangerous levels of alcohol

22. ALCOHOL POISONING
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS (may only have 1 symptom or several):
Is not responding to yelling, pinching, poking, etc.
Has slow breathing (> than 10 seconds b/w breaths)
Can’t stand up
Has cool, clammy, pale or bluish skin
Is constantly vomiting or not fully awake when vomiting
Irregular or slow pulse

23. ALCOHOL POISONING DO’s FOR ALCOHOL POISONING
DO Place person on their side
DO CALL 911 (DO NOT HESITATE TO CALL!)
DO stay with the person at all times
DO check breathing and pulse…CPR If necessary

24. ALCOHOL POISONING DON’Ts for ALCOHOL POISONING
DO NOT give the person food, liquids, medications or drugs
DO NOT give the person a cold shower
DO NOT try to exercise the person
DO NOT let the person drive, walk, or ride a bike
DO NOT put a drunk person in charge of another drunk person
DO NOT let them “sleep it off”…alcohol level can continue to rise after they fall asleep and they could become comatose

25. REVIEW
Fast forward a few years…you are sleeping over a friend’s house after a party. One of the other people sleeping over drank a lot of alcohol at the party while playing a drinking game.
WHAT SYMPTOMS WOULD MAKE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT ALCOHOL POISONING?
WHAT ACTIONS SHOULD YOU TAKE IF YOU OBSERVE SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOL POISONING?
WHAT SHOULD YOU NOT DO IF YOU SUSPECT ALCOHOL POISONING?

26. BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION
BAC
BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS
DRIVING RISK
Judgement & self control lessened; less inhibited; some lessening of driving skills BUT NO NOTICEABLE IMPAIRMENT OF MOTOR FUNCTION! Feels “normal”
At , a teen is 7x more likely to be killed in a crash than a sober driver
Coordination impaired; reaction time slows; peripheral and night vision decreased; balance effected; feels “up”
At .085, a teen is 40x more likely to be killed than a sober driver; a 55-yr-old with .085 is 20x more likely
Coordination, balance, vision worsen; legally blind w/ 20/200 vision; speech slurred; feels “relaxed”
At .12, a teen is 90x more likely to die in a crash than a sober driver
.20
Gets angry easily; may vomit; staggering; confusion; unfit to drive for 10 hrs! BLACKOUT, feels “mixed up
Stupor and passing out; breathing and HR slowed; VOMITING; SEVERELY INTOXICATED!; can’t stand or walk; in danger…DEATH POSSIBLE
COMA; UNCONSCIOUSNESS – DEATH POSSIBLE