1. Television

2. The men Who made television
Philo T. Farnsworth
Paul Nipkow
Vladimir Zworykin
David Sarnoff

3. Paul Nipkow
1880’s came up with the concept of the mechanical Television
Consisted of a spinning disc that had small holes that transmitted a portion of the image

4. Philo T. Farnsworth Invented an electric television
Considered the father of television
Created when he was 16
1927 transmitted the first TV picture electronically
Image was a dollar sign

5. Vladimir Zworykin
Concurrently invented an electronic television for RCA
Lost out to Farnsworth in court over who invented first
Invented a camera to transmit television signals

6. David Sarnoff Head of RCA Pivotal in it’s development
Played a large part in developing color television

7. Network Television
Networks (NBC, ABC, CBS, and Fox) broadcast to affiliates
Affiliates are locally owned stations that show national programming
Earn money from local ads and National ads

8. Prime Time Defined in this time zone as the slot between 7PM-10PM
Highest ratings and therefore most desirable ad space

9. Syndication Selling TV stations exclusive rights to air TV Shows
Game shows, Talk Shows, Reruns
Cheaper than producing programming
Oprah, Ellen, Wheel of Fortune, Jeopardy, Seinfeld, Family Guy
Fringe time – programming immediately before prime-time and following news and late night talk shows
First-run Syndication – programming procuced specifically for syndication

10. Reality TV and News Magazines
Cheaper for Networks
Produced in House
Avoid paying license fees to independent producers
No actors
High Ratings
Examples: Dateline, 60 minutes, Big Brother, Survivor

11. Sports Era of large television broadcast rights contracts
Current state of college sports
NFL currently generates over 7 billion per year in television deals

12. Ratings Nielsen is the major organization that tracks ratings
Ratings determine what advertisers pay for spots
Rating is a statistical estimate expressed as a percentage of households tuned to a program
Share is the percentage of homes tuned into a program compared to those actually in use

13. Cable Television Started in cities without over the air signals
Was not allowed in major markets until 1972
HBO became the first national Pay TV station in 1975
By 1983 there were more than 3 dozen cable stations
This new cable system would errode the control of the network television station and fragment audiences

14. Telecommunications act 1996
Relaxed ownership restrictions creating mergers
Disney bought up ESPN, ABC, Lifetime, E!
Viacom purchased MTV, Nickelodeon, VH1
Newscorp expanded to Fox, FX, fox news
Time warner merged and owns HBO, Cnn, TNT, Cartoon Network
Created the era of big media conglomerates

15. Television today 112 million television households in the US
On for an average of 8 hours and 11 minutes each day
89.9% of adults watch TV in a given day
75.7 billion in ad revenue

16. Video Recording VCR DVD DVR Introduced commercially in 1976
Time-shifting—taping a show for later viewing.
DVD
DVR

17. Convergence
Hulu and Netflix
Itunes and Amazon
Cellphones