1. Rebuttals Definition:
When two people debate, one of them makes an argument, and the other follows with a rebuttal, which, plainly put, is the "no, you're wrong and this is why" argument.
The following slides have examples of rebuttals for the counterclaims used in the teacher example of mountain top removal mining.

2. For Example…
REBUTTAL:
However, while coal “companies are required to put the land back the way they found it,” they do this simply by “putting soil back onto the sites and planting trees” (Huffington Post). According to “Margaret Palmer, director of the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory at the University of Maryland's Center for Environmental Science, this quick fix is not really a fix at all” because “the soil that is put back on the site is so stripped of nutrients that it would take 2,000 years for the ecosystem to return to its natural state” (3). In actuality, reclamation efforts fail to adequately restore the environment.
Argument
Counterargument
We should stop mountain top removal coal mining because it destroys local land features; since 1970, this method of mining has “destroyed 500 mountains” (House 18).
Mining companies limit damage to local features by “rebuilding mountainsides and restor[ing] the aesthetic and environmental quality of the area” (West Virginia Coal Association 39).

3. REBUTTAL:
However, evidence suggests that water monitoring practices are not effectively or consistently practiced by mining companies. According to the “Clean Water Act, the Army Corps of Engineers was supposed to regulate the actual filling of the streambed itself” but opponents of mountain top removal often accuse mining companies of “lack of enforcement” and have attempted to sue (Mitchell 106).      
We should stop mountain top removal coal mining because it pollutes local water reservoirs “poisoned some twelve hundred miles of rivers and streams” since 1970 (House 21).
Mining companies protect local water resources, as “[w]ater quality is monitored throughout the mining process and steps [are] taken to treat any streams and preserve the biology” (West Virginia Coal Association 39).

4. REBUTTAL:
While coal companies bring jobs to mined areas, they fail to provide adequate economic support. According to Erik Reece, a University of Kentucky professor and environmental activist, mining jobs have not improved Appalachian poverty rates. Reece explains that since 1964, the region’s poverty rate has decreased from thirty one percent to thirty, which indicates that so-called high paying mining jobs have not significantly impacted the economy or quality of life for Appalachian people (53).
Argument
Counterargument
We should stop mountain top removal coal mining because it hurts Appalachians, “scraping away not just coal but also the freedoms of Appalachian residents,” who must consume water with high “arsenic levels” and send children to schools situated “below ponds holding billions of gallons of sludge” that may flood dangerously (House 19).
Mountain top removal coal mining improves quality of life for local residents by providing “high-waged jobs capable of supporting families, paying up to twice the average wage in Appalachia” (Quinn A10).