1. Please check, just in case…

2. APA Tip of the Day
Review “Basic APA checklist” for areas needing additional clarification

3. Quick questions or quandaries?

4. Prep for small group activity
In small groups we will be discussing the questions below. Before we begin, review your notes and think about what you KNOW and WANT TO KNOW related to these questions:
What can we learn from the legacy of historical trauma and colonialism imposed upon Native children?
How is this reflected in contemporary policies and practices affecting the education of Native American students today? (especially for those who may live in their communities and attend public schools OR who find themselves in urban public school settings?)

5. Small Group Discussion
Share your thoughts on the following questions, one person at a time, each one talking for a max of 3 minutes. Follow each person’s talking time with 30 second silent reflection. Take notes, including your ideas and thoughts, and concentrate on listening for understanding:
What can we learn from the legacy of historical trauma and colonialism imposed upon Native children?
How is this reflected in contemporary policies and practices affecting the education of Native American students today? (especially for those who may live in their communities and attend public schools OR who find themselves in urban public school settings?)

6. Review and check for understanding:
When each member of your group has finished speaking, spend 3 minutes silently reviewing:
Your notes on what you knew and wanted to know, and
The notes you took while your peers were speaking.
Then, take minutes for back and forth questions to expand on what you learned, ask each other clarifying questions, and bring up new ideas. Make sure that you allow for silence and thinking, as well as to make sure that your contributions provide voice for everyone else in the group, rather than primarily for you to speak.

7. Quick Write:
Considering the previous discussion what new understandings did you come away with that you had not previously considered regarding the link between historical trauma and contemporary issues of working with NA students?

8. Paired post-it note activity
In pairs, come up with some answers to the following questions. Write them on post-its and attach to the relevant large sheet:
What is the underlying intent of assimilation?
Why were schools used as the medium for an assimilation agenda during the turn of the century?
What is meant by institutional racism? How is this manifested in schools today not just for Native American but for other minority groups?

9. NA Student Attrition - Deyhle
FISHBOWL DISCUSSION STRATEGY
What were some of the perceptions about schools that students articulated in Deyhle’s study and what were the reasons they gave for leaving school?
In Deyhle’s study, what were the racial and economic issues involved in the communities where Native students attended schools? What were some of the “power” dynamics at work in the community?
In what ways did student attitudes, demeanor and their “talk” mask deeper issues of marginalization or discrimination? How would you begin to help unpackage these in your work with students and their families?

10. Think-pair-share
What are the implications for working with Native student populations based on the readings and discussions today?
What are some assumptions we must avoid making about students and their educational experiences?
In what ways can you improve your own knowledge and understanding of issues affecting Native students while maintaining respect for cultures that may be different from yours?

11. Whole Group Discussion
How might student “success” be interpreted differently among Native and other cultures versus mainstream America?
What does this mean for your current or future work as educators?

12. Looking ahead… Read (MA students):
Gould (1981) – chapter five AND
Hilliard (2002) AND
Mead (1926) AND
JIGSAW on old testing articles – to be divided up among grad students – each person read one article that no one else is reading.

13. Please take a minute for the minute paper.
And don’t forget to turn your phone back on.