1. W. Brent Seales Jim Griffioen Kevin S. Kiernan
The Digital Atheneum: New Techniques for Restoring, Searching and Editing Digital Collections
W. Brent Seales
Jim Griffioen
Kevin S. Kiernan
Today I am going to present a new algorithm for generating seamless panoramic video imagery for immersive teleconferencing.
University of Kentucky

2. The Digital Atheneum Project Goals
Develop new techniques for digital preservation, restoration, and presentation of damaged manuscripts
University of Kentucky Principal Investigators:
Jim Griffioen and Brent Seales (Computer Science)
Kevin Kiernan (English)
Partners
The British Library
IBM

3. Damaged Manuscripts Problems: Requires extensive editorial involvement
Manuscript is fragile
Single images mean little without metadata
Need new restoration tools and techniques

4. Research Areas Digitization techniques
3D shape
many types of illumination
Content-based searching and access
Extensible/flexible editorial tools
Distributed execution of tools and services
Restoration techniques
Mosaicing
Digital flattening/shape visualization

5. Illumination Techniques
Visible light, Ultraviolet light, Laser scanning, Fiber-optic back-lighting

6. Three-Dimensional Scanning
Digital photography is used to provide patrons electronic facsimiles of library materials
2D images do not provide shape information
Insufficient in providing a realistic “look and feel” of non-planar materials
We present a technique that augments current digitization setups to acquire 3D information

7. Digitization of Materials
Special Collections:
Culturally significant, unique, damaged, restricted materials
Patrons are passionate about the look and feel of the original
Want more than just “textual content”
It is typical to provide the patron images alone (no 3D information)

8. Digitizing “Manuscripts”
We address digitization of manuscripts and similar objects
Objects are ill-suited for flat-bed scanners
Photographed with digital camera

9. Typical Digitization Setup
High-resolution digital camera
Camera positioned above the “artifact”
Image is captured
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10. Multiple Lighting Conditions
Common to illuminate same object under several lighting conditions
Natural
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11. Multiple Lighting Conditions
Common to illuminate same object under several lighting conditions
White
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12. Multiple Lighting Conditions
Common to illuminate same object under several lighting conditions UV
fsjerjwee
ael Worjt
ileke sldkfj
Mwiee kerlkerlk
<wiel Wmekle wle e
Wmeiwlwl wlwle
Michae S. Brown
is one cool
dude and you wilsd asd -00
fsjerjwee
ael Worjt
ileke sldkfj
Mwiee kerlkerlk
<wiel Wmekle wle e
Wmeiwlwl wlwle
Michae S. Brown
is one cool
dude and you wilsd asd -00
fsjerjwee
ael Worjt
ileke sldkfj
Mwiee kerlkerlk
<wiel Wmekle wle e
Wmeiwlwl wlwle
Michae S. Brown
is one cool
dude and you wilsd asd -00 A A A

13. Limitation of 2D imagery
When imaging non-flat objects
Objects can appear crinkled or warped
Difficult to disambiguate if the warping is part of the original or an artifact of the object’s shape
2D imagery is limited in what it can
convey to the patron

14. Beyond 2D images With non-planar materials
2D images can prove insufficient in providing “look and feel”
3D representations provide better electronic facsimiles
Goal: provide a textured 3D model
to patron

15. Our Goal
Provide a 3D acquisition system that can be integrated into current digitization setup
Curator decides when to acquire “3D”
Otherwise operates as usual
No special-purpose equipment
Uses equipment already available
Minimum overhead

16. 3D Acquisition setup for library materials
Introduce a light projector
Projector mathematics behaves same as camera
Projector and camera are used to triangulate 3D points on the artifact’s surface
A 3D model can be acquired (and 2D image) x y z

17. Current Implementation
Prototype system
Uses standard NTSC camera (low-resolution)
XGA light projector (1024x768)
Mirror is used to direct the light onto the materials
Camera and projector are controlled from the same computer (provides synchronization)
Produces 3D model with several textures

18. Results with low-resolution camera
Current Implementation
Acquisition Timing
5 minutes to calibrate
1-3 minutes per object
Can scan several objects after calibration
Scan Density
typically less than 0.5mm along projector X&Y
Accuracy
0.25mm
Results with low-resolution camera

19. Results Materials from U. Kentucky’s Special Collection
Non-planar materials
13th century wax seals
Washington Coin
Book binding (inset)

20. Editing and Searching Content
Data components to manage:
Images
Text (transcription, edition)
Glossaries
Metadata
Embedded content

21. Toolkit Objectives Integrated interface
visualization
editing/creation
content-based search
Adaptable to new problem domains
Extensible
Distributed
Collaborative (multi-user access)

22. Distributed Service-base Architecture
The set of services can be easily modified and extended
Base Services
SQL-style DB service, Image and Transcript viewer/editor service, Correspondence service, Display service, Access/Security service
Example Extended Services
Navigation services, Template-based Image Search services, Model-based Search services, Enhancement and Restoration services, Glossary services, Annotation service, ...
Current implementation based on Java/Jini allows services to be run locally or at the server

23. The Editor’s Tool - Example

24. The Editor’s Tool (1)

25. The Editor’s Tool (2)

26. The Editor’s Tool (3)

27. The Editor’s Tool (4)

28. The Editor’s Tool (5)

29. The Editor’s Tool (6)

30. The Editor’s Tool (7)

31. The Editor’s Tool (8)

32. The Editor’s Tool (9)

33. The Editor’s Tool (10)

34. The Editor’s Tool (11)

35. Enhance content-based search functionality
Future Work
Digitize British Library Cottonian collection
Enhance content-based search functionality
Integrate 3D data
Develop restoration techniques

36. University of Kentucky
The Digital Atheneum: New Techniques for Restoring, Searching and Editing Digital Collections
University of Kentucky