1. Impact of Irregular Migration on Road Transport
CEDR Transmigration Workshop
Brussels, 6 February 2017
Impact of Irregular Migration on Road Transport
European Commission/ DG MOVE –
Leon Brain, Transport Security Unit

2. The problem: Irregular Migration
EU Migrant Crisis : High numbers of irregular migrants clandestinely boarding lorries to smuggle themselves across borders, with some specific hot spots e.g. Calais & wider area, Greece, Central Europe
– leading to: damage to lorries & goods, delayed & lost business, attacks on drivers, destruction and damage to infrastructure at ports, Eurotunnel etc, civil penalties/fines incurred at UK border

3. The problem: Irregular Migration
Significant reduction in migrant numbers entering EU during 2016 compared to previous year, although still high via central European/Italy route;
Transport problems in Calais area now under control – due to significant security hardening of infrastructure & French authorities have cleared the 'jungle camp';

4. The problem: Irregular Migration
However: temporary checks remain in place at a number of intra-Schengen borders in order to better detect and disrupt the flow of irregular migrants;
Migrants could drift back to Calais area.

5. The problem: Cargo/Vehicle theft
Cargo theft is a major multi-billion euro problem for the transport domain and one that is closely associated with organised crime;
Risk of the theft of the cargo & risk the vehicle itself can be seriously damaged or stolen;

6. The problem: Cargo/Vehicle theft
The driver can also be seriously affected both physically and psychologically;
Currently, road transport has the greatest vulnerability to cargo theft and consequently is subject to the highest incidence of theft in comparison with other transport modes.

7. The problem: HGV as a weapon
New threat seen during 2016 with use of a Heavy Goods Vehicle as a weapon, driven into crowds of people – Nice & Berlin
Physical security protection measures aside, is the transport sector taking all necessary precautions to mitigate against this?

8. The Commission’s response
Cargo Security
A European Commission transport security objective is to contribute to improving security of the cargo distribution chain within the EU and specifically commercial freight road transport. Specifically, this means to better protect transport workers from organised criminal attacks and security incidents.
Regular discussions about the issue – impacts and potential responses in the EC LANDSEC Group

9. The Commission’s response
EC Action Plan against Migrant Smuggling (May 2015)
Prevention measures should target businesses most affected by smuggling, establishing partnerships with business operators in the sectors most at risk… transport – is crucial for enabling them to take adequate measures. The Commission will develop by 2017 a "handbook" on prevention of migrant smuggling including possibly codes of conduct for drivers… to present best practice on promoting security measures and adequate controls by business operators to prevent clandestine migration.

10. EC Security Guidance for the European Commercial Freight Road Transport Sector
Project started January 2017 for 7 months, carried out by Cross Border Research Association & TAPA
Primary objective is to develop good practice operational guidance in the form of a toolkit for road transport companies and operators of goods depots across the EU;
To provide comprehensive and consistent security advice and measures to better prevent both the theft of cargo and unauthorised intrusion from migrants;
To be made available and to be promoted as widely as possible across the EU.

11. 3. Proposed EC security guidance i) Target audience
Commercial freight road transport operators
Sub-contracted transport operators
Goods depot operators
Goods vehicle drivers
Shipper/client & Freight forwarders
Border & Customs Inspectors/Agents
Transport Police
Insurers

12. 3. Proposed EC security guidance ii) Security content
The toolkit will include:
Practical measures that can be taken to secure goods vehicles and the loads from migrants stowing away in the vehicles and of the drivers;
A model process for undertaking a holistic security risk assessment and a template for writing a security plan that operators can easily use. Issues of data protection and privacy legal restrictions in

13. 3. Proposed EC security guidance ii) Security content
Issues of data protection and privacy legal restrictions in certain Member States that could limit the use of any security features e.g. camera recording equipment must be documented;
Some specific issues to considered:
Vehicle security – basics e.g TIR cords and locks
Technology – all round cameras, alarms etc
Personal security protection for Drivers

14. 3. Proposed EC security guidance ii) Security content
In cab radio/ GPS/ communications systems
Scheduling and back office support processes
Physical security protection at depots/ parking areas/ ports
Hi-jack prevention

15. 3. Proposed EC security guidance iii) Style and format
Traditional printed document
Checklists & templates
Pictorial guides – need to be user friendly for drivers
Radio broadcasts on relevant stations
Online video
(Possibly) Smart phone App

16. 3. Proposed EC security guidance iv) Awareness raising and monitoring
Promotion campaign by European Commission
Will need partnership approach with Member State authorities and National road transport associations, other authorities/ agencies & operators (including lorry park operators)
Most of all need private operators to be engaged and their needs and concerns addressed

17. Consultation
Contractors have received details of Member State Government representatives, relevant EU Agencies, Pan-European road transport organisations, some National Road Transport associations;
All relevant national regulations and operational/security information need to be considered.

18. Other Commission Actions
Connecting Europe Facility – co-funding (20% of eligible cost) for new secure parking places along TEN-T core network to help meet TEN-T guidelines of secure parking places every 100kms
In 2015, 4 projects supported
€24 Million provided in 2016 for 4 projects including Belgium
Further €10 Million available for cohesion States in 2017

19. Other Commission Actions
ITS Directive (Delegated Regulation) – improve capacity of existing secure parking through improved provision (collection, updating, sharing and dissemination) of information and parking reservation services for lorry drivers
EC developed and launched in 2016 an European Access Point (it is an open data portal) for truck parking data – a data repository of Member State static data on truck parking. Database being populated as more MSs take part