1. 3D Printing in the classroom
Joyce Camp
Ryan Loyst
Lauren Seborowski
Winthrop University Instructional Technology Center- 2017

2. Goals for Today Understand how 3D prints are made
Determine what sources of 3D models are already available
Understand the correct files to download that will print on a 3D printer
Complete a tutorial to help you learn how to use Tinkercad
Design your own 3D model using Tinkercad

3. Goals for Today
Determine how to test the 3D prints to make sure they will print correctly using CURA software
Understand the basics of inquiry based learning including the design process
Determine ways to use the 3D printer to create inquiry based projects
Share tips, ideas, experiences, and resources for 3D printing
Identify resources for purchasing 3D printers

4. How Are 3D Prints Made?

5. 3D Printing in the Real World

6. Let’s Take a Look at Some 3D Prints
What do these prints have in common? Other observations?

7. Let’s Take a Look at the ITC 3D Printer
Model
Plastic spool
Plastic filament
Extruder
Layers
Bed
Mechanics
CURA software
Questions?

8. Not all File Types are Created Equal
Most 3D printers will accept .STL and .OBJ file types
With the invention of laser cutters, there are 3D files for those as well, which take a different file type
Depending on the software that comes with your printer, it might accept additional file types as well
CURA open source software

9. 3D Models Available for Download
Keep in mind that copyright does apply to downloading and printing 3D models
GO PLAY ON ONE OF THESE SITES

10. What did you find?

11. Building 3D Models Tinkercad This can be done on a computer or iPad
This can also be done on a chromebook
Create an account
Go to the lessons and complete the steps to build a house

12. Build your house

13. Change something about your house that is not part of the tutorial
Modify your house
Change something about your house that is not part of the tutorial

14. Download your house file
What file types are acceptable?

15. Design Process IDENTIFY A PROBLEM DESIGN BUILD TEST REDESIGN
BUILD AGAIN

16. Start With a Problem Problem Bank
solutions.html
Invite teachers, students, community members to submit problems to your classroom
Determine problems related to your curriculum standards (clean water, recycling, planting trees at school, need new rulers, bookmarks for ELA class)

17. Start With a Problem Problem Bank
Main website-
Look at this file to help determine what makes a good problem in terms of 3D printing a solution- good-problem-bank-problem.html

18. Don’t have a problem, create one

19. Start With an Idea – Science
When students were learning about the solar system, they were challenged to take their learning a step further and create their own planet!
Students were required to write a research paper about the geographical features that would appear on their planet.
Then students used software to create a 3D topographical map of their planet.
GRADE FOUR EARTH SCIENCE: STARS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM
GRADE EIGHT EARTH SCIENCE: EARTH’S PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE
PHYSICS 1 INTERACTIONS AND FORCES
EARTH SCIENCE ASTRONOMY
In groups, choose an idea and create an essential

20. Start With an Idea - ELA or SS
Design and market a toy.
The lesson plan encourages students to get peer feedback about ideas for making their new toy, sketch the design on paper and finally design the toy in 3D
In this lesson, students learn first hand about economics and engage in creative thinking and writing.
4th, 8th grade and English 4 read and examine advertising and commercials
English 1-4- Standard 1: Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print, Standard 6: Summarize key details and ideas to support analysis of central ideas, Standard 10: Analyze and provide evidence of how the author’s choice of purpose and perspective shapes content, meaning, and style
Grade 2 SS- Identify examples of markets and price in the local community and explain the roles of buyers and sellers in creating markets and pricing.
ECON-2.3 Illustrate how competition among sellers lowers costs and prices.

21. Start With an Idea – SS, Math
As a class, students designed buildings and structures that could be assembled as a complete city.
The buildings and structures were designed to address Mercer’s Quality of Living Factors.
Example of factors
K-1.3 Identify his or her personal connections to places, including home, school, neighborhood, and city or town.
USHC-4.5 Explain the causes and effects of urbanization in late nineteenth-century America, including the movement from farm to city, the changing immigration patterns, the rise of ethnic neighborhoods, the role of political machines, and the migration of African Americans to the North, Midwest, and West.
1.G.2 Combine two-dimensional shapes (i.e., square, rectangle, triangle, hexagon, rhombus, and trapezoid) or three-dimensional shapes (i.e., cube, rectangular prism, cone, and cylinder) in more than one way to form a composite shape.
GM.1* Use geometric shapes, their measures, and their properties to describe real-world objects.

22. Start With an Idea – SS, ELA, Math
Students learn about the Oregon Trail through simulation, for which there are many examples of lesson plans online.
As their family groups prepare to embark on the trail, they build their family wagons using craft materials and then 3D-design and print the provisions they have chosen to purchase at the beginning of the simulation.
Standard 4-5: The student will demonstrate an understanding of westward expansion of the United States and its impact on the institution of slavery.
Standard USHC-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of how economic developments and the westward movement impacted regional differences and democracy in the early nineteenth century.
Middle level- Standard 3: Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective techniques, well- chosen details, and well structured event sequences.
4.MDA.2 Solve real-world problems involving distance/length, intervals of time within 12 hours, liquid volume, mass, and money using the four operations.
s/33381-provisions-for-the-oregon-trail

23. Start With an Idea - Science
Students at the school carried out a series of inquiry based investigations and experiments during their Science/HSIE unit on ‘natural disasters’.
The students identified types of natural disasters and explored the common problems and issues they caused.
1.S.1A.8 Obtain and evaluate informational texts, observations, data collected, or discussions to (1) generate and answer questions about the natural world, (2) understand phenomena, (3) develop models, or (4) support explanations. Communicate observations and explanations clearly through oral and written language.
4.E.2B.2 Obtain and communicate information about severe weather phenomena (including thunderstorms, hurricanes, and tornadoes) to explain steps humans can take to reduce the impact of severe weather phenomena.
H.E.5A.5 Construct explanations for the formation of severe weather conditions (including tornadoes, hurricanes, thunderstorms, and blizzards) using evidence from temperature, pressure and moisture conditions.

24. Turn these ideas into essential questions
The questions should enable students to design a solution in multiple ways
The questions should allow students the ability to collaborate, research, and communicate with each other to achieve a final product
Work in groups of 2-4

25. Write an Essential Question Based on the Curriculum Standards
tricity/Domain/3916/Writing%20Essential%20Questions. pdf

26. Inquiry models

27. Choose a model based on the age of your students
PBS Design Model
EiE Model
Scientific Method
Images are hyperlinked to more information

28. Identify and Discuss the problem

29. Discuss the Problem Group or Individually Brainstorm Ideas
Ask Questions
Research
Develop a Hypothesis or statement of intention
I believe that by developing a fan blade that goes over the air conditioning register against the wall, that hot or cold air will get to me faster
To save classroom time, this might be done at home

30. Design a prototype

31. DESIGN- Start with 2D Rendering
After gathering data from discussion, begin to design the prototype that will solve the problem
Start on paper- 2D
Use graph paper if needed to imagine the model in smaller geometric segments that will become the 3D model
To save classroom time, this might be done at home

32. Build a 3D model

33. BUILD Use Tinkercad or another program to design the 3D model
Look at it from all angles
Download and put it into the printer software and look at the layers (This saves time by not trying to build a print that does not work)
Revise if necessary
Print the item
To save classroom time, this might be done at home

34. TEST or REVISE and Build again

35. TEST
Try the model in the environment it was built for and see what happens
Be sure to note what went well and what failed as you were testing so you can revise the model

36. Revise and redesign

37. REDESIGN Ask questions- guide students if they need help
1. Something went wrong? Great! How can you use this mistake to improve your design?
2. Finished? Really? Have you put in the effort to achieve a result you are proud of?
3.Stuck? Awesome! What can you try next? What other ways might there be?
4.Not happy with your design? Fantastic! Who can you seek feedback from to make your design better?
5. Want to break the rules? Excellent! What new ideas will you try? What risks will you take?

38. REDESIGN
6. Finding it tricky? Wonderful! What will you practice to get better? What strategies will you use? 7. Not the best? Brilliant! Who can you learn more from? 8. Don’t know what to do? Terrific! How will you tackle this challenge? 9. Easy? Right! How can we make this more challenging for you? 10. Proud of your design? Congratulations! Where to next? What are your goals?

39. REDESIGN
Allow students to swap projects and make suggestions for improvement to each other
Gallery walk
Pair/share
Shark Tank
Redesign might also happen at home

40. BUILD AGAIN Try again Rarely are models correct the first time
As an inventor, Edison made 1,000 unsuccessful attempts at inventing the light bulb. When a reporter asked, "How did it feel to fail 1,000 times?" Edison replied, "I didn’t fail 1,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1,000 steps."

41. Can you design a vehicle that will travel 3 feet?

42. Buying 3D Printers
Most 3D Printers of classroom based quality will cost between $800-$2000
These are printers that will use one, maybe two, colors of plastic, and have a print size of about 4” to 10” cubed (usually measured in millimeters mm = 8 inches)
There are several models, so do some comparison shopping before you purchase your printer

43. Buying 3D Printers
According to an article on the Makers Empire website, there are some essential things to consider when purchasing a 3D printer
Size of the print bed- the bigger the bed, the larger the object you can print. You can also print more than one object at a time depending on the size of the objects
Automatic calibration of the bed- this aligns the print nozzle with the surface of the bed to extrude layers of filament properly. If you are having to calibrate the bed each time you print, then that takes more time

44. Buying 3D Printers
According to an article on the Makers Empire website, there are some essential things to consider when purchasing a 3D printer
Type(s) of filament used by the printer- There are two plastics that can be used, PLA (made from corn starch) and ABS (made from oil). ABS is more toxic. Also, can more than one color be fed into the printer at the same time? Can the printer print with different materials like rubber or metal?
Software- What software is used to run the 3D printer? Is it easy to use?

45. Buying 3D Printers
Resources to help you comparison shop and choose the right printer for your needs
Grant Resources

46. Additional Resources Inquiry Based Learning
benefits-of-inquiry-based-learning/
lesson-ideas-created-by-teachers/
students-design-a-better-tomorrow/

47. Additional Resources Makezine http://makezine.com/
Makers Empire

48. Additional Resources More Project Ideas
Building Castles-
Future Engineers-
lesson ideas and starters- lesson-ideas-and-starters
City X Workshop-
Beginner 3D Printing Challenges-