1. Intercultural Relations
Agoes & Agoes

2. The World Today
Lack of understanding between people of different cultural backgrounds.
The need to create the awareness that it is important to build intercultural understanding through a more comprehensive and serious approach.

3. INDONESIA TODAY Widening intercultural conflicts
The need to create the awareness that it is possible to build intercultural understanding through intercultural education.

4. Human beings draw close to one another by their common nature, but habits and customs keep them apart.
Confucian saying

5. Culture is the collective programming of the mind, which distinguishes the members of one human group from another.
Geert Hofstede

6. THE ANTI MODEL
Civilized
Primitive

7. Cultural Dimensions Community Nationality Environment Family Province
Background
City
Religion
Age
Education Socio-economic
Profession Gender

8. The effort to understand, suspend judgment, convey respect, empathy and caring can only be successful through reciprocal openness with honest feedback and cultural clarification from the other perspective. Culturally sensitive judgment then can be derived through attempts to arrive at a consensus understanding.

9. AM I SUCCESSFUL IN MY INTERCULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
The Criteria of Intercultural Adjustment Success:
1. Good Personal Adjustment
If people say to themselves: “Yes, I feel comfortable here, I’m doing well”
2. Good Interpersonal Relations with Hosts
Respect
Good collegial relations
Free time with hosts
Sharing personal relations with hosts
If hosts say to themselves: “This person interacts well here and get along with others”.
3. Task Effectiveness
Successful attainment of task related goals.

10. The first point is known by asking ourselves , but the second point is harder to find out. Many Indonesians keep their views and feelings much to themselves. The words baik, tidak apa-apa, and semua beres or “everything is alright and I am fine” might not reassure one that it is truly so.

11. Path of Intercultural Learning
Multiculturalism
Selective Adoption
Appreciation/
valuing
Acceptance/
Respect
understanding
Awareness
Ethnocentricity
Based on a model by: David S. Hoopes
Managing Cultural Diversity Myers & Lambert

12. Plurality Concept Acceptance of plurality Creation of healthy attitude
Working together toward good deeds
Acceptance of differences for mutual benefit

13. PRE-REQUISITES FOR ADJUSTMENT IN INDONESIA
Eagerness to learn and understand
Self control
Respect
Interpersonal relation skills
Sincerity
Flexibility
Ability to communicate
Acceptance

14. Keterangannya belum jelas

15. I WILL NOT
JUDGE
TILL I HAVE
UNDERSTOOD

16. CULTURAL SHIFT
I. MORE OF
II. KEEP
III. LESS OF

17. SOME INDONESIAN VALUES
GOTONG ROYONG
Gotong royong
Working and helping together
2. TEPA SELIRA
Tenggang rasa
Empathy
3. ANDHAP ASOR
Rendah hati
Humble

18. Uneasiness due to circumstance 7. ALON ALON ASAL/WATON KELAKON
4. AJA DUMEH
Jangan sombong
Do not be arrogant
5. JER BASUKI MAWA BEA
Keberhasilan menuntut pengorbanan
Successful requires sacrifice
6. PAKEWUH
Sungkan
Uneasiness due to circumstance
7. ALON ALON ASAL/WATON KELAKON
Biar lambat asal terlaksana dengan selamat
Successful implementation no matter how slow

19. INDIVIDUALISM INDEX (IDV) VALUES FOR 50 COUNTRIES AND 3 REGIONS
Score rank
Country or Region
IDV Score 1
USA 91
10/11
Sweden 71 19
Israel 54 2
Australia 90
France 20
Spain 51 3
Great Britain 89 12
Ireland (Rep. of) 70 21
India 48
4/5
Canada 80 13
Norway 69
22/23
Japan 46
Netherlands 14
Switzerland 68
Argentina 6
New Zealand 79 15
Germany F. R 67 24
Iran 41 7
Italy 76 16
South Africa 65 25
Jamaica 39 8
Belgium 75 17
Finland 63
26/27
Brazil 38 9
Denmark 74 18
Austria 55
Arab Countries

20. Score rank Country or Region IDV Score 28 Turkey 37 Hong Kong 25 46
Costa Rica 15 29
Uruguay 36 38
Chile 23
47/48
Pakistan 14 30
Greece 35
39/41
West Africa 20
Indonesia 31
Philippines 32
Singapore 49
Colombia 13
Mexico
Thailand 50
Venezuela 12
33/35
East Africa 27 42
Salvador 19 51
Panama 11
Yugoslavia 43
South Korea 18 52
Equador 8
Portugal 44
Taiwan 17 53
Guatemala 6
Malaysia 26 45
Peru 16
Geert Hofstede

21. GENERALIZATION
Generalization is when we take a given characteristic derived from the same source, and treat it cautiously as a hypothesis rather than as a fact.
A generalization also recognizes that there is diversity within a culture group and that not all members possess the attribute.
Generalizations are provisional statements such as:
“Based on what I know at this point, Mexicans in general are likely to be more expressive and emotional than we are”

22. Individual and learned PERSONALITY-
Specific to Inherited
Individual and learned
PERSONALITY
Specific to group Learned
or category CULTURE
Universal HUMAN NATURE Inherited
Three levels of uniqueness in human mental programming
Geert Hofstede

23. AREA OF IGNORANCE (no contact)
LINE OF AMBIVALENCE
Most Positive
Most
Negative
Range of Attitude Feelings
COMFORT ZONE

24. PROCESS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
INTENTION EXPRESSION INTERPRETATION
//  // 
Known only Known to Known only
to the Sender’s Public to the Receiver’s
Private Self Private Self
WHAT’S
MEANT
WHAT’S
SENT
WHAT’S
UNDERSTOOD
Sender’s
Cultural Filter
Receiver’s
Cultural Filter

25. Religion Important to me

26. Religion Not Important to me

27. Dr. Irid Agoes iagoes@cbn.net.id
fax :
fax :
Education:
PhD, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA, College of Arts and Sciences
MA, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA, Faculty of Arts and Letters
MA, University of Indonesia, Faculty of Arts and Letters
Present Positions:
Director, The Indonesian International Education Foundation
Chair, The Indonesian Intercultural Studies Centre
Lecturer of Intercultural Relations, University of Indonesia, Graduate Program
Span of Managing and Consulting Work:
Scholarship management experience in nationwide recruitment and selection for high school, undergraduate and graduate based scholarship programs in Indonesia since 1982.
Consulting officials and consultants from governments, international organizations and business corporations from Africa, Asia, Australia, Canada, Central and South America, New Zealand, USA and Western Europe since 1985.
Orienting Indonesian undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students and scholars bound for foreign universities and incoming foreign scholars to Indonesia. All the scholars are recipients of respective governments’ scholarships and grants as well as non-governmental exchange organizations.
Working and consulting in Canada, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, Japan, USA and Vietnam.
Organizational Responsibilities:
President, SIETAR Indonesia (The International Society of Intercultural Education, Training and Research)
Vice President of International Council of Islamic Women Scholars
Board of Advisors, Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia