1. Applying Motivational Interviewing
Sarah M. Ellis, AFC®
Family And Consumer Sciences Agent I
Taylor Spangler, M.S., AFC®
FCS Extension Program Coordinator
Heidi Radunovich, Ph.D.
Associate Professor and Extension Specialist

2. Objectives: Introduction to Motivational Interviewing (MI) Why use MI?
MI skills
How to use MI

3. What is MI?
“a collaborative, person-centered form of guiding to elicit and strengthen motivation for change.”

4. Who can use MI?
Doctors
Nurses
Peer mentors
Volunteers
And YOU!

5. Does it work?
Evidence supports the use of MI in treating alcohol and drug addiction
MI has also been successful in facilitating change related to other issues:
weight loss
diabetes management
smoking cessation

6. Theories that contribute to MI
Transtheoretical model (Stages of Change)
Carl Rogers’ Humanistic approach (client-centered therapy)

7. Motivational Interviewing is
A technique that increases the likelihood that a client will want to make a positive change
A partnership, the argument for change comes from the client, not you.
Unfamiliar way to communicate that can be difficult or feel strange.
Focuses on resolving the ambivalence of change

8. Essence of Motivational Interviewing
Collaboration vs. confrontation
Evocation
Autonomy vs. authority

9. Why MI? Change is hard! It is normal to feel unsure about changing
Takes time to make changes
Techniques reduce burnout and stress on practitioners

10. How does MI work?
Techniques increase the internal motivation of a participant
Develop their own logic
Determination to engage in the desired behavior

11. 4 Principles of MI Convey empathy Encourage self-efficacy
Roll with resistance
Develop discrepancy

12. 4 processes of MI
1. Engaging
2. Focusing
3. Evoking
4. Planning

13. Engaging
How do you build a relationship with a client?

14. OARS
Open-ended Questions
Affirmations
Reflections
Summaries

15. Focusing
How can we help clients identify what needs to change and why?

16. Determine readiness to change
Clarify goals

17. Evoking
Client says what they want to change
We reinforce the talk

18. How to create change talk
Ask evoking questions
Explore decisional balance
Positives vs negatives
Elaboration/Examples
Look back

19. How to create change talk cont.
Look forward
Query extremes
Use Change rulers
Explore Goals and values
Come alongside

20. How to respond to change talk:
EARS:
Explore
Affirm
Reflect
Summary

21. DARN-CAT Preparatory change talk: Desire (want, wish, like)
Ability (can, could)
Reason (If I do X then)
Need (have to, need)
Mobilizing change talk:
Commitment (intent, decision)
Activation (ready, prepared, willing)
Taking steps (specific actions)

22. Planning
Conduit to change
Reinforce commitment language

23. What not to do Act as an authority figure Label Ask lots of questions
Give advice

24. Examples of strategies:
Ask permission
Do you mind if we talk about your shopping?

25. Evoking
What would you like to see different about your current situation?

26. Open-ended questions
Tell me what you like about spending money.

27. Columbo approach
On one hand you are not able to pay your bills, and on the other hand you are saying shopping is not causing you any issues. What do you think is causing your inability to pay your bills?

28. Discussion Anyone currently using MI? Questions about the technique?
Do you think you might want to use MI?

29. Any Questions or Comments?

30. Contact Information:
Sarah M. Ellis:
Taylor Spangler: