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Julio Galan & Nahum Zenil
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Julio Galan
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Background Born in 1959 to wealthy family Child prodigy
Spends childhood in Muzquiz in Caohuila on grandfather’s mining estate Studies architecture at the University of Monterrey Monterrey art dealer Guillermo Sepúlveda encourages him→ 1st exhibition at Sepúlveda’s gallery in 1980. Moves to NYC in 1984 Andy Warhol prints his work in Interview
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His Style “ 2nd generation” Neo-Expressionist
1984 NYC ideas of collage, fragmentation, cultural borrowing and dreamlike suspension Influenced by the self-scrutiny of Frida Kahlo Under the influence of drugs?
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Mientras Me Despierto ("As I Wake Up") (1985)
Young man looks like Galan Romanticized vision of a cartoon boy-hero →Romantic Child Salvador Dali & surrealism
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Themes in His Art… Dichotomies: -realism vs surrealism
- sex vs religion - humor vs tragedy Multiple roles, sometimes androgynous References to: -Childhood -Sexual identity -Catholicism -Mexican Baroque -Pre-Columbian cultures -Folk art
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Los Complices (1987) What are the objects on the table?
What is the purpose of the horse? Phallus symbol Folk art & traditional garb
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Nahum Zenil
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Background Born in 1947 in the state of Veracruz Rural upbringing
1959 enrolled National Teachers’ School in Mexico City Works in schools teaching all subjects for 20 yrs 1968 entered the Escuela Nacional de Pintura y Escultura (known as La Esmeralda) in Mexico City -Cristobal Torres -Benito Messeguer "Ruptura" movement of the 1960s and 1970s -abstraction Since mid-1970s single subject: the artist himself Active member of gay community
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"I have always felt the need for self-analysis in my work in order to accept myself and the way I live. I have always felt marginalized in my life and have experienced a great sense of solitude. In my art I've tried to effect a communication between the members of society and myself."
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His Art Issues of nationalism -icons like the Mexican flag
Opens himself up to the viewer -object of scrutiny -gazing back: inviting people into his personal dramas Different definition of "family" Religious imagery -The Virgin of Guadalupe: pride -Ambivalence/ Disdain Dilemma of how to define his position as a gay man?
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Sexuality, Religion, & Family
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The Dartgame (1994) Mexican flag Heart is the target Crucified Christ
Da Vinci: man as geometric perfection Issue of being a gay man in Mexico and a mestizo
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Comparison w/ Other Artists
Kahlo: -Self-portraiture -Depiction of the self is cathartic "Neo-Mexicanists" -traditional Mexican themes w/ satire International perspective -not "erotic" in the conventional mode (Paul Cadmus or Robert Mapplethorpe) Self-concious and bold like David Hockney
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Botero, Zuñiga, and Kahlo
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Botero Beginnings Born in 1932 Medellín, Colombia
Born to a traveling salesman father and a housewife mother Educated in the Jesuit school of Medellín until he was expelled No formal art education Frequently attended bull fights and later sold watercolors of the bulls at the entry to the stadium
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Education Studied European Old Masters
Rejected modern European movements such as Cubism and embraced Baroque style instead Latinos widely rejected his European-influenced art and he returned more to the Pre-Colombian art styles of Latin America
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The Best of Botero
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Fernando Botero Recap Idealized the “Baroque” body, makes ample figure erotic Uses 4 colors: cobalt, red, emerald green, yellow in addition to black and white Rich colors reminiscent of pre-Colombian art Plentiful flesh and bright colors celebrate life!
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The Life of Zuñiga Born in 1912 in San José, Costa Rica
He tried to study art in Spain, but the Spanish Civil War impeded his studies Wins the 1st Central American prize for his portrayal of an indigenous warrior Lives in Mexico City, the most prominent Latin American center of art at the time
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Essence of the Feminine
Sculpture is not an intellectual expression, but rather an ancient way of increasing spirituality There is beauty outside of the Caucasian community; celebrate your heritage and traditions! The indigenous and mestizo community is beautiful The Indian woman represents the Earth mother, the healer, the child-bearer, and the comforter
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La Mujer Large round bellies Buxom breasts Wide, curvy hips
Symbolism of the rebozo pyramidal shape
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Frida Kahlo
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Formative Years Born 1907 Frieda Kahlo to Wilhelm “Guillermo Kahlo & Matilde Calderón The 2nd to youngest of 4 girls Infected with Polio at age 6 which deforms her right leg Unlike her sisters, Frida is sent to the National Preparatory Involved in a terrible auto accident & receives permanent physical damage
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“My Birth” What color schemes do you see?
What geometric patterns do you see? What symbolism do you see?
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Family Relations distinctively different from her sisters and mother
Dual identity: mexicanidad vs. European heritage Multiple homosexual affairs with Dolores del Rio, Paulette Goddard, Georgia O’Keefe, and others Infertile due to genetic problems and auto accident
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Marriage & Motherhood
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“What the Water Gave Me”
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Conclusion Celebrating versus examining Latin American society
Personal versus societal conflicts Foreign versus pre-Colombian influences
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