1. Before and After Evaluation of High Visibility Enforcement Campaigns Using Quantifiable Measurements
Traffic Records Forum 2016
August 9, 2016
Kelvin R. Santiago-Chaparro
Assistant Researcher
Andrea R. Bill
Safety Program Manager
David A. Noyce
Director
Robert Schneider
Assistant Professor / UWM

2. Outline Objectives and goals Preliminary survey and results
Data collection challenges
Data collection setup
Accuracy of quantitative measurements
Work ahead

3. Objectives
Understand comprehension of laws governing pedestrian-vehicle interactions through the use of in- person and online surveys.
Study pedestrian and vehicle interactions before and after high visibility enforcement deployments using quantitative measurements that include vehicle trajectory analysis.
Develop the required data collection procedures and tools to support the required research tasks.

4. Survey-Based Evaluation

5. Survey Goals
Level of comfort that officers have with enforcement of traffic laws governing right of way between pedestrians and vehicles.
Level of comprehension of laws governing right of way between pedestrians and vehicles by general public.
Perception of general public and officers regarding prevailing behaviors between drivers and pedestrians.

6. Results: Survey of Officers
Preliminary survey conducted during high visibility enforcement training.
Officers more comfortable citing non-yielding drivers than non-yielding pedestrians.
Questions also asked about general behavior of yielding behavior observed at communities.
Level of comfort with issuing yielding violation citations
Pedestrians
Drivers
21 officers responded to the initial survey.

7. Results: Survey of Officers
Yielding of drivers towards pedestrians when turning right on intersection without indication is not consistent.
Yielding of drivers towards pedestrians crossing on a marked crosswalk part of unsignalized intersection not consistent.
Pedestrian compliance with the “don’t walk” indication is not consistent.
Yield
No Yield
40%
60%
Yield
No Yield
53%
47%
Yield
No Yield
58%
42%

8. Next Steps on Survey Expand the number of officers surveyed.
Conduct similar survey for general public using paper- based methods to target senior citizens.
Conduct online survey.

9. Field-Based Evaluation

11. Data Collection Challenges
Obtain the trajectory of vehicles to understand drivers reaction when pedestrian presence on the road.
Existing data collection tools such as speed guns do not provide continuous measurements that can be used to obtain vehicle trajectories.
More advanced tools require image processing techniques or significant post-processing efforts.

12. Selected Detection Technology
Existing radar-based vehicle detection system used.
Commercially available unit used as alternative to induction or video- based detection.
Rich dataset goes unused other than for activating detection zones.

13. Data Collection Equipment
Recent expansion of low cost single board computers.
Computing power has overcome most existing traffic hardware.
Devices are battery powered and perfect for field deployments.

14. Data Collection Equipment
Recent expansion of low cost single board computers.
Computing power has overcome most existing traffic hardware.
Devices are battery powered and perfect for field deployments.

15. Data Collection Approach
Software developed to monitor underlying vehicle trajectory of radar devices.
Configured to run on Raspberry Pi computer.
Battery powered approach to simplify deployment across multiple locations.

16. Accuracy of Vehicle Trajectories
Radar device rated for 2 MPH accuracy.
Ground truth vehicle trajectories compared with radar trajectories.
Ground truth obtained from vehicle OBD-II port.
Comparison suggest trajectories are virtually the same.
The trajectory data will be combined with video

17. Video and Trajectory Data
If internet is available the video can be played.
Video from location and trajectory data will be integrated to make decisions about behavior of pedestrians and vehicles before and after the high visibility enforcement efforts

18. Work Ahead
Conduct quantitative evaluation next to areas with high visibility enforcement (HVE) efforts.
Analyze before and after data to see if behavior of drivers and pedestrian changed after the HVE.

19. Before and After Evaluation of High Visibility Enforcement Campaigns Using Quantifiable Measurements
Traffic Records Forum 2016
August 9, 2016
Kelvin R. Santiago-Chaparro
Assistant Researcher
Andrea R. Bill
Safety Program Manager
David A. Noyce
Director
Robert Schneider
Assistant Professor / UWM