1. Enumeration in Brazilian Census
Marcos Rodrigues Pinto
Census Software Development Team Manager
United Nations Technical Meeting on Use of Technology in Population and Housing Censuses
Amman, Jordan, 28 November-1 December 2016 1 1

2. Data Collection Challenges in Brazil
Country with km² (47.3% of the continent's land area)
More than 200 million inhabitants in 67 million housing units
27 Federation Units
5570 municipalities 2 2

3. Data Collection Challenges in Brazil
Very diverse infrastructure 3

4. 2000 2006 2010 Evolution of Data Collection in Brazilian Census
Paper based with OCR Data Processing.
PDA only for management reports (Compaq Aero 1500)
2006
Data collection with PDA only
(MIO P550B)
2010
Data collection with PDA (LG GM-750Q) and internet self-response 4

5. Training
Training plan to qualify more than people (2010 Census) during 6 months
Chaining training plan (cascade), to qualify people to passthrough knowledge
Four paralel groups: pre-census, administrative, IT and operational
Practical training classes using special
version of the data collection mobile application, with multimedia and interactive for self-learning 5 5

6. Logistics
To minimize the shipping of electronic devices between the IBGE central administration and the field, the manufactories delivered directly to the 27 federal units
Equipaments prepared with all acessories
and with all Apps pre-installed 6

7. Data Collection Station
Management
Decentralized management by regional coordination and sub divisions
Central Coordination
Regional
Operational Area
Subarea
Municipality
Data Collection Station 7

8. The data collection station
Supervisor distribute the workload, verify the quality and coverage of the data collection
Where the supervisor and the enumerator meet, and the data syncronization is made, transmiting the data to the central servers
Equipped with
Laptop computer with
Kiosk mode
Wifi router allowed only to
IBGE devices
Printer 8 8

9. Monitoring the field enumeration
Management systems capable to monitor in real-time the evolution of the field enumeration:
Performance indicators
Distribution of enumerator work load
Supervision alerts
Charts
Reporting
Cartograms
Georeferenced information 9

10. Monitoring the field enumeration
Performance indicators:
Operational:
Number of enumeration areas by status (non-initialized, initialized, finished, supervisoned)
Total of population count
Total of housing units count
Comparison of housing units with pre-census
Enumerator production
IT Monitoring
Number of data transmissions per day 10

11. Monitoring the field enumeration
Supervision alerts created from comparison of collected data with the statistically expected numbers:
Population count per day below/above expected
Male population proportion below/above expected
Proportion of population under 3 years and above 69 below/above expected
Housing units count below/above expected
Household income above/below expected
Alerts created to the data collection station supervisor, and monitored by all managers above (municipality, operational, regional)
Could generate request for interview again a sample of housing units 11

12. Monitoring the field enumeration
Roles
Data collection station supervision
Monitor operational supervision alerts, operational indicator, distribute workload
Interview sampled housing units
Check sampled enumeration area coverage
Municipality, subarea, and others managers
Monitor on superior aggregations
IT supervision
Monitor data stations network, data transmissions, PDAs 12

13. Monitoring the field enumeration
Georeferenced location where the enumerator has started an interview (captured by the device GPS), with the possibility to take photo of the enumeration area 13

14. Monitoring the field enumeration
GPS to monitor the data enumeration area and identify possible misuse by the enumerator 14 14

15. Monitoring the field enumeration
Cartograms 15

16. Validation and Coverage
Questionnaire with high level of validation and guidance, avoiding many common inconsistencies related to the paper based enumeration
Address list updated by pre-census, used for enumerators routing and coverage control
Device is equipped with the enumerator area map, questionnaires and list of addresses
One enumeration area per enumerator (not shared) 16

17. Validation and Coverage17

18. Validation and Coverage
Data quality control reviewed for each Enumeration Area, including ratio of species of housing units, average number of persons per housing unit, ratio of people by gender, age, etc
Approval process to finish an enumeration area and start the enumerator payment process 18

19. IT Architecture for data transmission and management19

20. IT Architecture –Isolated areas communication
VSAT - Very Small Aperture Terminal
BGAN - Broadband Global Area Network 20 20

21. IT Architecture – Recomendations
Load balance data reception servers to accept transmisions
Secure reception channel with server certificate (HTTPS)
Request client certificate, to trust the client identity
Keep database inside protected network 21

22. Confidentiality
Enumerators do not have access to data stored on the the device, witch is encrypted and saved in the app storage area
Data transferred to IBGE through a secure network
Device and app secured by password
Devices locked to be used only as data collection equipment, using programs certified by IBGE: avoid undesired usage by enumerator and theft 22

23. IT Architecture – Internet Data Collection
E-Ticket process to match the address and questionnaire 23

24. Risks Data collection app not properly developed
Allow invalid data input
Data loss
Ineffective use of the enumerator device, due to lack of training
Servers infrastructure not properly scaled for receiving transmissions
Management systems and team not prepared to monitor the enumeration 24

25. IBGE´s Challenges for 2020
Multi-mode data collection with internet and app for self-response;
How to minimize the software development effort to build internet self-response, enumerator app and self-response app;
How to match the address list with the internet self-response data without the need to visit the household 25

26. Unesco / NetExplorateur 201126

27. Marcos Rodrigues Pinto
Thank you
Marcos Rodrigues Pinto 27