1. State Load Despatch Centre
A Presentation on
Strengthening of
State Load Despatch Centre
under HP Load Despatch Society
Venue : SLDC Control Centre
Date:

2. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
A History of the Load Despatch functions in India & Himachal Pradesh
Functions of SLDC defined under various state and central Regulations
Man Power Requirement and certification in line with the Pradhan Committee report and Satnam Committee report
Ring-fencing of SLDC in HP
Issues and Challenges for HPSLDC
Conclusion

3. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
1991 : The term “Load Despatch Centre” was used for the first time in the Amendment w.e.f. 15th October, 1991 in the Electricity Supply Act, 1948
1998: Defined as the apex bodies to ensure integrated operation of power system in their respective areas of jurisdiction
2003: The Electricity Act, 2003 mandated the establishment of the NLDC, the RLDCs and the SLDCS and also defined the role and responsibilities of each.
2005: NLDC was designated as the apex body to ensure integrated operation of the National Power System
2008: Pradhan Committee recommended ring fencing of LDCs and Manpower Certification

4. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
2002 : SLDC has ben functional in Himachal Pradesh under HPSEB Ltd.
2011: Operationalization of SLDC under HPLDS after transfer of staff to HPLDS from HPSEB Ltd. on secondment basis
2007: The functions of SLDC were divided between SE (SLDC) for real time monitoring and scheduling functions and SE (PR & CERC) for maintenance job of control centres of SLDC units
2013: Formation of committee for strengthening of SLDC
2010: Establishment of SLDC under HPLDS as an independent entity under Ring fencing guidelines

5. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Grid Discipline
Reliable, Uninterrupted and Quality supply
ABT regime
Real Time Information
Maximum Economy SO
Efficient Decision making
Image source: Zoozoo by Vodafone

6. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Apex body responsible for integrated operation of power system in the state
(Clause of IEGC, Section 32, Sub Clause 1 of EA, 2003, Clause of HPEGC)
Real time monitoring of the Grid, and supervision & control of the Intra-State transmission system
(Clause of IEGC, Section 32 Sub Clause 2 of EA, 2003, Clause of HPEGC)

7. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Scheduling of power
(Clause of IEGC, Section 32 Sub Clause 2 of EA, 2003, Clause of HPEGC)
Periodic Reports
(Clause 5.5 of IEGC, and 5.6 of HPEGC)
Preparation of State Energy Account:
(Clause 5.3 & 5.4 of IEGC, Clause 5.4 and 5.5 of HPEGC)
Demand Estimation, and Demand Management
(Clause 5.3 and 5.4 of IEGC, and Clause 5.4 and 5.5 of HPEGC)

8. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Open Access
(Various Regulations by CERC and HPERC)
Dissemination of data
(As per the HPEGC)
Power System Analysis
(Various clauses of IEGC and HPEGC)
Documentation, Procedures, and comments on Regulations

9. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Manpower Requirement
Pradhan Committee Report
and
Satnam Singh Committee Report

10. Functions to be carried out by the Load Despatch Centres in India
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Functions to be carried out by the Load Despatch Centres in India
System Operators:
Operational Planning
Protection Coordination
Assessment of Transfer capability
Frequency control
Voltage control
Restoration
Market operators:
Generation resource Scheduling
Equal information access to all players
Open Access
Meter Data Collection
Calculation of losses
Pool Account Administration
Agents for achieving Economy and Efficiency:
Sharing of Resources
Merit Order Operation
Reactive Power management
Congestion management
Transmission loss optimization
Feedback to policy makers, regulators and Planners
Change Agents in the ongoing reforms in ESI

11. Functions to be carried out by the Load Despatch Centres in India
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Functions to be carried out by the Load Despatch Centres in India
“It would be seen that on an average 60 to 70 skilled executives might be required in a typical LDC. The manpower requirements may vary depending upon the size of the power system under the jurisdiction of LDCs. For example, larger states such as Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra require several Area Load Despatch Centres (ALDCs) to assist the SLDC. The number of persons required in these states for load despatching would be higher. Likewise, the requirement in SLDCs of union territories and smaller states would be lower.”

12. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Dimension
Air Traffic Management
Power System Operation
Service
Air Travel
Delivery of electrical power
Operation Units
Air Traffic Control Units
Load Despatch Centres
Personnel
Air Traffic Controllers
Power system Operator
Compliance to
Standards, Protocol and procedures
Standards, Grid Code, Regulations Procedure
Awareness
AIS , CNS
SCADA, EMS, NMS
Worst Failures
Accidents
Blackouts
Worst Consequence
Loss of human lives
Economic loss and collateral damages
Technology Deployment
For Voice/Data communication, surveillance and analysis
Human Involvement
For Data Interpretation & Decision Making
Human Challenges
Coordination, situational Awareness, time Constraints, uncertainties, stress, failures

13. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society

14. Recommendations of the Pradhan Committee
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Recommendations of the Pradhan Committee
Ring Fencing of LDCs to ensure their functional autonomy
Three distinct revenue streams for LDC’s – Fees and charges for system operation, Tariff for decision support and IT Infrastructure, and Operating charges for scheduling, metering and settlement for market players
Training and Certification of system Operators
Suitable Incentives and Compensation Structure to retain and attract talent at LDCs
Standardization and Harmonization of the Work in the LDCs

15. Segregation of Assets and Liabilities
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Segregation of Assets and Liabilities
Ownership of new RTUs to rest with the entities in whose premises these are located. Existing as well as work-in-progress RTUs in central sector stations and state sector stations could rest with the CTU and STUs/SEBs respectively as per the prevailing arrangement.
The communication system from substation to the nearest control centre as well as between control centres should continue to be that of CTU or STUs/SEBs. In case of any special requirements, the LDCs can assess, plan and take on lease such communication system.
The computer system along with software and peripherals located in the control centre building of NLDC/RLDCs and SLDC/Sub-LDCs should be transferred to respective entities managing these LDCs.

16. Transfer of LDC Buildings and Associated Facilities
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Transfer of LDC Buildings and Associated Facilities
“As per the Recommendations of the Gireesh Pradhan committee report, the load despatch functions are to be ring-fenced and separate representative board structure for governance of LDCs need to be formed, In order to have effective and efficient operation of the LDCs so formed, it is essential that all the LDCs are adequately equipped with the requisite manpower and the infrastructure facilities and are having financial sustainability. In this respect it is important that the buildings/parts of buildings which were exclusively created for functioning of the above LDCs are also transferred to the respective LDCs so that the LDC functions may be carried out smoothly.”

17. Stake Holders in the HP Power System
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Stake Holders in the HP Power System
GENERATION
HPSEBL
HPPCL
IPPs
TRANSMISSION
HPPTCL (STU)
PGCIL
IPP-PGCIL Consortium
DISTRIBUTION
CONTROLLING /
REGULATORY BODIES
DoE
HPERC
Chief Electrical Inspectorate
FRGC
Electricity Ombudsman
SYSTEM OPERATORS
SLDC Under HPLDS
ALDC under HPSEBL

18. Old Organisation structure of SLDC under HPSEB Ltd.
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Old Organisation structure of SLDC under HPSEB Ltd.

19. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Organisational Structure of SLDC under HPLDS
General Body of HPLDS
Executive Committee of HPLDS
Superintending Engineer (SLDC)
APS
Financial Controller
(To be posted)
Sr. Executive Engineer
(Commercial)
4 AE /AEEs
(Shift)
Supdt. Gr II
(To be posted)
AE/AEE
AE /AEE
Sr. Asstt.
Peons
(2 No)

20. Specific Requirements and Action Needed
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Specific Requirements and Action Needed

21. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Functions
Requirement of Manpower/Infrastructure
Availability of real time data
Separate console/VPS for SLDC
At present, most of this infra structure is owned by POWERGRID and they are raising bills to HPSEBL for use of the system
The present scheme proposes that HPLDS will have to bear about 20 % of the charges for use of this system.
This scheme needs to be revised keeping in view the fact that SLDC needs t o be Ring fenced
Relevant information from all the state participants to make informed decisions
Communication channels with all stakeholders for the integrated operation of power system in the state.
Setting up of a state Power Committee to resolve all Intra state power issues.

22. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Requirement
Action Needed
Load Forecasting
Outside agency is assigned the job of forecasting load,
Software is purchased for load forecasting.
Website for dissemination of Data
Required under IEGC, and HPEGC
A programmer/software engineer can be hired for the job of creating and maintaining the website, or
The job of building and maintaining the websites is allotted to an outside agency as a package.
In any case, an IT cell/unit is absolutely essential in SLDC to manage the IT activities even if most of the activities are outsourced
Load Flow Studies
Software for load flow studies needs to be purchased for maintaining the healthiness of the Sate Grid over a period of time.

23. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Requirement
Action Needed
Software for Scheduling of Power
Software to be developed for automatic retrieval of schedules from NRLDC website, and posting it on SLDC website after apportioning the shares to the respective beneficiaries.
This will essentially have to be developed in house as per the requirements of the load despatch function, and a programmer/software engineer can be hired for the purpose for a short term.
Line diagrams of the state network to be provided and upgraded by the transmission/distribution licensees in the State.
STU (HPPTCL) and DISCOM (HPSEBL) would be requested to update the line diagrams of their transmission/distribution network on a regular basis, and
They would be asked to supply the updated diagrams to SLDC for effective planning and decision making.

24. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Requirement
Action Needed
Reliable communication facilities for prompt transmission of instructions to all concerned.
Dedicated Phone/Fax lines will be required for the shift staff as well as the offline staff for effective communication with various stakeholders.
It is proposed that minimum 5 phones are installed for the SLDC staff, with at least 3 phones having fax facility.
It is also proposed to have one BSNL Internet connection in addition to the POWERGRID Internet that will be available from HPSEBL.
SEM data from the relevant check points
Identification of points from which the SEM data would be required
The matter needs to be taken up with the respective authorities for providing SEM data to SLDC.

25. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Requirement
Action Needed
SEM data from the relevant check points
Identification of points from which the SEM data would be required
The matter needs to be taken up with the respective authorities for providing SEM data to SLDC.
Daily generation data from SSGS and IPPs
The generators would be required to inform SLDC of their daily generation to be incorporated in the State Energy Account.

26. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Activity
Constraint
Action Plan
Real time monitoring of the Grid, and supervision & control of the Intra State transmission system
Inadequate manpower
One more personnel is required in each shift for smooth operation of the shift.
Scheduling of power
Preparation of State Energy Account
Lack of clarity on the subject
The HPERC may be requested to issue Intra State ABT regulations to act as guidelines for SLDC.

27. Weekly Man Hours needed
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Computation of weekly Man-hours required for carrying out the shift operations at SLDC under HPLDS
S. No.
No. of working days
No. of hours
Weekly Man Hours needed
Number of personnel
Man Hours available 1 7 24
168
--- 2 5 8 4
160 3
5.37
150
112
5.13
144 6
188
287

28. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Activity
Constraint
Action Plan
Demand Estimation, and Demand Management
Requirement of IT tools which need to be procured or outsourced
We may purchase load forecast software. Personnel familiar with the tools also need to be hired/ employed
Dissemination of data
Creation of Website
We may hire a software engineer/programmer to make the website, or we may outsource the creation and maintain of the website as a package.
Power System Analysis
Lack of any load flow study software
In time, we may purchase a load flow study software. Personnel familiar with the tools also need to be hired/ employed

29. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Activity
Constraint
Action Plan
Documentation, Procedures, meetings and comments on Regulations
Lack of adequate offline manpower
Two JEs required provided to assist the AE/AEES in day to day functioning.
Open Access
Creation of Website
Development of software
We may hire a software engineer/programmer to make the website, or we may outsource the creation and maintain of the website as a package.

30. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Future challenges
UI calculations for Open Access Consumers and for Intra-State entities like GoHP, HPSEBL etc.
Integration of Renewable energy into the grid and Implementation of various procedures associated with Renewable Energy Generation
Preparation of the State Energy Account
Facilitating Open Access
Standardization and Harmonization of the State Power Sector
ULDC - II

31. Types of Open Access and Role of SLDC
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Types of Open Access and Role of SLDC
Short Term Inter-state Open Access (when the drawl point and the injection point are located in different states) :
NRLDC is the nodal agency for such Open Access, but SLDCs have to issue the Concurrence for the same before such access can be granted
Short Term Intra-State Open Access ( when the drawl point and the injection point are located in the same state):
SLDC is the nodal agency for such transactions, which means that SLDCs have to coordinate with all concerned agencies to ensure that the transactions happen seamlessly, and the payments are made and received in time by all concerned
3. Grant of connectivity, Medium Term and Long Term Open Access in Distribution:
DISCOM is the nodal agency for such Open Access Transactions

32. Types of Open Access and Role of SLDC
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Types of Open Access and Role of SLDC
3. Grant of connectivity, Medium Term and Long Term Open Access in Intra-State Transmission System:
The State Transmission Utility is the nodal agency for such Open Access transactions
4. Collective Open Access transactions
With the development of the platforms of the power exchanges in India, the number of generators/consumers wanting to sell/buy power to/from the exchanges has increased manifold.
SLDCs not only have to keep an account of such power sold/bought, but will also have to work out the UI implications of such transactions, and ensure that the transactions are made according to governing rules and regulations

33. List of Consumers/Generators who have applied for NOC
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
List of Consumers/Generators who have applied for NOC
S.No.
Name of Entity
Max MW 1.
Raheja Hydel Power Pvt. Ltd
1.5 2.
Saber Paper Ltd. 7 3.
Sainsons Pulp & Paper Ltd.
7.4 4.
Malwa Cotton Spinning Mills 5 5.
Ambuja Cements Ltd., Darlaghat 35 6.
Auro Spinning Mills 18 7.
VMT spinning Company Ltd
2.7

34. List of Consumers/Generators who have applied for NOC
State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
List of Consumers/Generators who have applied for NOC
S.No.
Name of Entity
Max MW 8.
Arisht Spinning Mills 8 9.
Ranbaxy Labs Ltd.
10.
SPS Steel Rolling Mills 15
11.
Suraj Fabrics Industries
12.
M/s Jaypee Himachal Cement Plant Bagga 10
13.
M/s Jaype Himachal cement Grinding and Blending Unit, Bagheri 9 14
Pashupati Spinning Mills 5

35. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Conclusions
A strong SLDC is the requirement of the times as increasingly more and more responsibilities are being delegated to the SLDCs by various central bodies like CERC, HPERC, NLDC, etc.
SLDCs are statutory bodies that have defined roles and responsibilities under the Electricity Act, 2003
Therefore, SLDC needs to be strengthened in terms of manpower as well as Infrastructure

36. State Load Despatch Centre, HP Load Despatch Society
Conclusions
4. The Present system of Ring fencing of SLDC has created a weak and depleted SLDC and a strong ALDC (which in principle is supposed to assist SLDC)
It is therefore proposed that more manpower is transferred from ALDC to SLDC, or from wherever it is deemed fit so that all the functions of SLDC can be carried out as per the letter and spirit of the Electricity Act, 2003