Interest and Dividend Income

Interest and Dividend Income
Form 1040 – Lines 8 – 9 Pub 4012 – Tab D Pub 4491 – Lesson – 9 Slides 7, 8, 10 – bond interest – OOS? #28, 29, 30, 37, 43, 54 new screen shot

What Is Interest Income?
Earnings on Bank, savings, and credit union deposits Certificates of Deposit Bonds (corporate or government) Money loaned out NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income – What Is It?
It is not earned income Money, not a person, is earning the income Reported in year earned Usually when posted to account NTTC Training - TY2016

Where to Find Interest Income
Form 1099-INT or 1099-OID Brokerage Statement Schedule K-1 (see K-1 lesson) No tax form from payer Seller financed mortgage interest income Private or foreign payer Interest less than $10 Credit unions may call their interest “dividends” – but it’s really interest and reported as such NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income Whether or not reported by the payer on a tax form, all interest must be included in the return Taxable OR Tax-exempt Other calculations can be impacted NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income All interest is taxable except interest from
State or municipal obligations; including D.C. U.S. possessions See Pubs 4491 and 4012 for others U.S. obligations (T-Bills, Savings Bonds, etc.) are fully taxable for federal tax but exempt from state tax Informational: Some treasury bonds may produce exempt interest for federal purposes Certain “EE” or “I” bonds used for qualified education purposes Requires Form 8815 – which is out of scope NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income The Tax Form FATCA is out of scope
FATCA stands for Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act. OOS OOS FATCA is out of scope OOS OOS NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income Interest – Excerpt from Sample Brokerage Statement
Lines are out of scope FATCA is out of scope Possible itemized deduction Emphasize All the information as in 1099-INT boxes Format varies by payer NTTC Training - TY2016

Bond Premium or Discount – What Is It?
Bonds can be purchased at a discount or with a premium The discount is additional interest income The premium is a reduction of interest income Both amortized over the life of the bond Brokers now must report the total interest income on new purchases Informational Discount is if bought at less than face value Premium is if bought at more than face value Emphasize If taxpayer buys and sells bonds, they should be referred to a paid preparer NTTC Training - TY2016

Original Issue Discount (OID)
OOS OOS FATCA is out of scope OOS NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income – What is it?
Payment by a corporation Paid to its shareholders Represents a portion of the corporation’s earnings NTTC Training - TY2016

Mutual funds* invest in (buy) Stock of corporations Bonds issued by private or government entities Other investments *Includes ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds) *Master limited partnerships are usually out of scope Master limited partnerships can generate ordinary income, other types of out-of-scope income, or involve substantial calculations Additionally, they can require multiple state filings NTTC Training - TY2016

Mutual funds “pay” to their investors Dividends from the fund’s income Dividend income from corporations Interest income from bonds/accounts Capital gain distributions from capital transactions that the fund makes NTTC Training - TY2016

Mutual fund dividends Dividend income from corporations Will be identified as ordinary/qualified Interest income from bonds/accounts Will be identified if from U.S. obligation Will be identified as exempt if from exempt securities, e.g. state bonds But both are still “dividends” to the fund’s shareholders NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income Ordinary dividend income, not qualified
Taxed at regular tax rates Qualified dividend income A subset of ordinary dividends Taxed at capital gain rates Emphasize Capital gains may be taxed at a lower rate than ordinary income Rate can be as low as zero NTTC Training - TY2016

Where to Find Dividend Income
Form 1099-DIV Substitute 1099-DIV (brokerage or mutual fund statement) Schedule K-1 (later Lesson) Emphasize Many taxpayers have direct investments, not held in a brokerage account Extra care is needed to make sure all are accounted for NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend 1099 The Tax Form FATCA is out of scope OOS
Box 5 Investment expenses rarely seen on 1099-DIV form; more common with a brokerage statement FATCA is out of scope NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividends – Excerpt from Sample Brokerage Statement
20XX Lines 2c and 2d are out of scope Possible itemized deduction Lines 8 and 9 are out of scope Emphasize Same as boxes on 1099-DIV Box 2c Sec 1202 gains – out of scope Boxes 8 and 9 Liquidation distributions – out of scope Look out for state withholding FATCA is out of scope NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income 1099-DIV 1a Ordinary dividends
1b Qualified dividends – a subset of ordinary dividends 2a Capital gain distributions 2b Sec gain – a subset of capital gain distribution 2d 28% gain – a subset of capital gain distribution Emphasize 1a, 1b and 2a are usually what we encounter NTTC Training - TY2016

Capital Gain Distributions
Capital Gain Distributions represent share of profit from sale of assets within mutual fund Always long term Taxed at capital gain rates If fund distributes short term gains, they are treated as dividends for federal tax purposes NTTC Training - TY2016

Reinvested Dividend Income
Reinvested dividends Really, two transactions Dividend income Purchase of more shares Payer effects both instantaneously Payers keep track of basis for covered securities (always taxpayer’s responsibility) Reinvestment plans are sometimes referred to as “DRIPs” – Dividend Reinvestment Plans Most often seen with mutual funds or ETFs Can also be done with direct shareholdings Many large companies offer DRIPs to their shareholders 1099 will be issued for the dividend amount NTTC Training - TY2016

The Interview A conversation
Encourage counselors to ask probing questions It is not “prying,” it is essential to an accurate return NTTC Training - TY2016

The Interview – A Conversation
Prior year’s return Forms 1099-INT, -OID, -DIV, or substitute Organize them by type Forms K-1 (limited) – see K-1 lesson Steps and questions to determine whether in scope, before touching the computer Prior year’s return Review all income areas to understand the taxpayer’s tax situation Most taxpayers’ situation does not vary much year to year Form 1099 Look for out of scope issues Look for foreign payers Forms K-1 Look for out of scope items NTTC Training - TY2016

Limitations on Scope – 1099-INT
Review Forms 1099-INT or OID for out-of-scope: Market discounts Bond premium FATCA filing requirement NTTC Training - TY2016

Limitations on Scope – 1099-DIV
Review Forms 1099-DIV for out-of- scope: Sec gain (small business stock) Collectibles Liquidating distributions FATCA filing requirement NTTC Training - TY2016

Limitations on Scope – Investment Income
Would there be any Net Investment Income Tax? (out-of-scope) Applies only if Adjusted Gross Income is more than: MFJ or QW: $250,000 MFS: $125,000 Single or HoH: $200,000 In general, investment income includes, but is not limited to: interest, dividends, capital gains, rental and royalty income, non-qualified annuities, income from businesses involved in trading of financial instruments or commodities (OOS), and businesses that are passive activities to the taxpayer (OOS) The gross investment income is reduced for investment expenses The tax applies on the lesser of net investment income or the amount by which AGI exceeds the thresholds above NTTC Training - TY2016

Entering Interest or Dividend Income
Use Quick File Summary/Print view (line 8) Taxpayer profile (if set up) Form search box To navigate TaxSlayer NTTC Training - TY2016

Get to Interest and Dividend Income screen Select first item Foreign accounts – may be OOS Exclusion - OOS NTTC Training - TY2016

Select type of income Also use for 1099-OID NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest or Dividend Income
Abbreviate payer name if needed Taxpayer, Spouse or Joint (if needed in your state) Emphasize TSJ if relevant to your state Can list same payer multiple times if different types of interest, i.e., One line for municipal interest with state impact Second line for Savings bonds, also with state impact NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income Screen
Input data from tax form Enter federal or foreign tax withheld Any tax withheld? Foreign taxes covered in lesson #29 NTTC Training - TY2016

If from U.S. obligations, subtract for your state (select state) Interest from US obligations is taxable for federal Except if qualified as for education expenses – out of scope NTTC Training - TY2016

Rest of form is out of scope NTTC Training - TY2016

Continue to save entries NTTC Training - TY2016

Exempt Interest or Dividends
State or municipal obligations Emphasize Must enter exempt income Not taxed Affects other calculations, e.g. taxable part of SS benefits Advise for your state if an adjustment would be appropriate Is it wholly or partly taxable for state? NTTC Training - TY2016

Exempt Interest – State Adjustment
State or municipal obligations Usually, taxable if from another state Select your state and amount to add back to income Generally, Interest income from obligations of your resident state are not taxable in your state Interest income from obligations of another state are taxable Indicate owner, if needed NTTC Training - TY2016

Entering Dividend Income
Generally, this is all we see/need NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income TaxSlayer handles Out of scope Doesn’t go anywhere
NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income Nondividend distributions
Return of basis (cost) Basis in paying security is reduced by amount of nondividend distribution Payers keep track of basis for covered securities (always taxpayer’s responsibility) Definition of “covered securities” generally Stock purchased in 2011 and later Mutual fund shares purchased in 2012 and later Other securities (options, bonds, etc.) have later “covered” dates TaxSlayer has a place to enter nondividend distribution, but it doesn’t go anywhere NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income Federal or foreign tax? Out of scope
Foreign tax credit or deduction for foreign taxes covered in a later lesson NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income US obligation income exempt for state?
Federally exempt income – interest or dividends are entered in the exempt income screen shown earlier NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest or Dividend Income – State Tax Withheld
State tax withheld? – input now Or go to Payments and Estimates Screen Search “state withholding” and select NTTC Training - TY2016

Select your state Carries to Sch A and state return NTTC Training - TY2016

Can add more state withholdings Don’t duplicate state tax from W-2, R or 1099G NTTC Training - TY2016

Private activity bond interest? Click line 45 in Summary/ Print or search 6251 Input on Form 6251 May generate alternative minimum tax If so, out of scope Check Line 45 in Summary / Print view If any PAB entry, need to check AMT (1040 line 45) – IF >0 OUT OF SCOPE NTTC Training - TY2016

Entering Private Activity Bond Interest Income
Add up amounts from all forms and enter total Make a note on intake form for reviewer NTTC Training - TY2016

Complete one 1099 form at a time Input all information on the form If brokerage statement, input all information on the brokerage statement Too easy to miss items if try to go back to a form a second time NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest Income Quiz Is interest taxable on federal return?
New York City bond interest? Treasury bill interest? Ford Motor Co bond interest? Interest on loan to cousin Charlie? No Yes Yes Yes NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income Quiz Dividends reinvested in more shares are not taxable (true or false)? False – the dividend income is the first transaction and the purchase of shares is a second transaction Emphasize Whether or not reported on a 1099, taxpayer must report all their income NTTC Training - TY2016

Dividend Income Quiz Payers of dividends of less than $10 don’t have to issue 1099 (true or false?) True – same rule as for interest payers Taxpayers don’t have to report dividends if they don’t get a 1099 form (true or false?) False – all income must be reported on the tax return Emphasize Whether or not reported on a 1099, taxpayer must report all their income Check Intake Form NTTC Training - TY2016

Seller-financed Mortgage Interest
Reported on Sch B top portion Must have payer ID number to e- file Is it not taxable for your state? NTTC Training - TY2016

Seller-financed Mortgage Interest
If exempt for state, enter as negative number NTTC Training - TY2016

Foreign Income or Account?
Must ask and answer questions at bottom of Sch B Foreign account/signature authority Foreign trust If answer is “yes” to either, additional reporting may be required Remind taxpayer of additional filing responsibility – and maybe refer to paid preparer Emphasize Usually the questions are defaulted to “no” If there is foreign interest income, must ask the questions and correct the answers A mutual fund that reports “foreign income” is not the same Mutual fund interest income is in scope and is not a foreign account (normally) Substantial penalties for not filing the foreign account forms: FinCen114 and/or Form 8938 (both out of scope) NTTC Training - TY2016

Foreign Account? AN ^ Read questions carefully – signature authority over a foreign account also has to be reported. Does not matter whether there is current income or not – must report the account NTTC Training - TY2016

Other Item: 1099-INT, -OID, or -DIV
Investment expenses 1099-INT box 5 1099-OID box 9 1099-DIV box 5 Possible itemized deduction Schedule A, Line 23 Subject to 2% of AGI threshold Input now so don’t forget More to be covered in deductions lesson Investment interest is different and is OOS Emphasize Do not reduce income amounts for investment expenses No benefit if taking standard deduction Cannot be investment interest – entirely different subject Investment interest is out of scope! Investment expenses: Safety deposit box fee is an investment expense only if it is used to hold investments, e.g stock certificates If used for personal items only, e.g. jewelry, not deductible Management or account fees Must be paid from taxable account Fee paid within an IRA is not deductible Will reduce IRA assets eventually taxed when distributed NTTC Training - TY2016

Quality Review Interest or Dividend Income
Check Intake/Interview Sheet – was interest/dividend box checked? Verify interest or dividend income is entered correctly Including any interest or dividend received with no paperwork State adjustments? Emphasize If taxpayer still has the account Confirm that no interest or dividend this year Many taxpayers have direct stock holdings (not in a brokerage account) Easy to miss (or lose) one NTTC Training - TY2016

Quality Review Interest/Dividend Income
Compare to prior year Missing accounts? Foreign tax credit or deduction? Miscellaneous investment expense entered? Any other interest or dividends? NTTC Training - TY2016

Foreign Accounts or Specified Financial Assets– Special Note
If any FATCA box is checked OR if taxpayer has foreign accounts at or over $50,000, advise taxpayer that there are substantial penalties for not filing the required forms Refer taxpayer to a paid professional, especially if there are filing failures in the past See form 8938 instructions for the definition of a specified foreign financial asset – it is not limited to bank or brokerage accounts. NTTC Training - TY2016

Interest and Dividend Income
Comments Questions NTTC Training - TY2016

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