1. Census Mobile Data Capture Using CSPro in Lesotho
Sarveswara Surumpudi
International Programs
Population Division
U.S. Census Bureau
This presentation is intended to inform interested parties of ongoing work at the U.S. Census Bureau. Any views expressed on statistical, methodological, technical, or operational issues are those of the presenter and not necessarily those of the U.S. Census Bureau.

2. What is CSPro? Census and Survey Processing System Product Suite
First release in 2000
Initially designed for key-from-paper
Product Suite
Data entry
Edits and imputations
Tabulation
Public domain

3. Who Uses CSPro? Used in over 160 countries by:
National statistical offices (NSOs)
Other ministries (health, education)
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
Universities
Hospitals
Private sector

4. CSPro Applications
Censuses (population and housing, agriculture, and economic)
Demographic and labor force surveys
Health and nutrition surveys
Household income and expenditure surveys
Major international projects:
Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), ICF International
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), UNICEF

5. CSPro Data Entry Features
Develop and test on Windows
Target multiple platforms
Android support since 2014
Multiple languages
Unicode support since 2012
Tightly controlled path
Powerful programming language
Data synchronization

6. CSPro CAPI Features Dynamic question text and responses
Response categories rendered as radio buttons, check boxes, date pickers, etc.
Multiple language support
CAPI-specific logic functions
GPS
Multimedia
Audits

7. CSPro Functionality Data Capture Batch Editing Tabulation
Enter and verify data, with sophisticated control over skips and consistency checks
Batch Editing
Apply logic to edit data to ensure consistency
Tabulation
Create tables from data

8. UNFPA-Funded Census Project
Lesotho Bureau of Statistics
Lesotho Population and Housing Census: 2016
Single enumeration period
Around two million people
7” and 8” tablets from Lenovo, xTouch, and Click

9. IT Support
In Lesotho:
50 IT coordinators distributed throughout the country, in charge of around 6,000 tablets
IT staff took two weeks to set up all of the tablets
Pondered the use of a MDM for deployment in the future
Enumerators could use WhatsApp to ask IT staff questions
WhatsApp also used to send announcements to staff

10. Questionnaire

11. Case Management

12. Enumerator

13. Supervisor

14. Monitoring Data Quality
In Lesotho:
Looser consistency checks in the programs
Supervisors reinterviewed roughly five households per enumeration area
Reinterview program compared the supervisor-entered data with the data originally entered

15. Monitoring Data Quality
In Lesotho:
Supervisors viewed reports showing the status of assignments in an enumeration area
Supervisors could also view basic demographic reports
Reports generated using D3.js and displayed on the tablet’s web browser

16. Data Synchronization

17. Data Synchronization
Enumerators sent data via Bluetooth to constituency supervisors
Supervisors sent data via FTP to headquarters
Files were updated from headquarters to supervisors to enumerators

18. CSPro Batch Editing Write edits (logic) using CSPro language
Validate individual data items
Test consistency between items
Modify data values
Hot deck or cold deck imputation
Generate imputation statistics
Generate edit reports automatically or create a customized report

19. Tabulation
Tabulation is simple, drag and drop, and can create complex tables with some programming
Area processing

20. Tabulation

21. CSPro Tools Compare Data Concatenate Data Export Data
Check data across two files; used during independent verification
Concatenate Data
Combine multiple data files into one file
Export Data
Make CSPro data accessible to other programs, such as Excel, Stata, and SPSS
Other data management tools
Dissemination tools

22. Training Opportunities
The Census Bureau provides in-country technical assistance through USAID support
The Census Bureau also hosts workshops at headquarters near Washington, DC
Other international organizations, such as UNFPA, frequently host regional workshops

23. Useful Links Official CSPro website: CSPro Users:
CSPro Users:
Mailing list for CSPro questions: