1. Part 2 of the DO NOW
PRETEND IT IS THE MID-1600s, YOU’RE READING THE NEWSPAPER AND YOU COME ACROSS THIS POLITICAL
CARTOON. WHO DO YOU THINK THE CARTOON IS REPRESENTING? WHAT IS THE MESSAGE IT IS TRYING TO SEND?

2. Vocabulary Toleration common sabbath
Willingness to let others practice their own customs and beliefs
common
Open field where cattle grazed
sabbath
Holy day of rest in some religions

3. DO NOW
On your Thirteen Colonies worksheet, group the following states under their proper heading (New England, Middle, or Southern Colonies).
Massachusetts, New Jersey, Virginia, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, New Hampshire
You are writing these state names under each of the three headings, not on the map itself.

4. The New England Colonies
CHAPTER 4, SECTION 1:
The New England Colonies

9. Vocabulary Town meeting
Session in which citizens discuss and vote on local community issues

11. New England
Colonies
MIDDLE
Colonies
SOUTHERN
Colonies

12. Setting the Scene
John Winthrop – lawyer, devout* Christian
Makes a speech aboard the Arbella on the way to New England:
“…we shall be like a city upon a Hill. The eyes of all people are on us.”
Winthrop felt they were going to be a shining example for all the world.
* devout - Devoted to religion or to the fulfillment of religious obligations

17. Puritans in Massachusetts
Winthrop and his followers were called Puritans.
Puritans wanted to reform (not separate from) the Church of England (which was Protestant)

18. Leaving England
1. Charles I disapproved of the Puritans and their ideas
2. Puritan leaders thought England had fallen on “evil and declining times.”
They asked for a charter to leave England.
Formed the Massachusetts Bay Company
They wanted to build a new society in New England.
People joined for religious and economic reasons.
Some sought opportunities they couldn’t get in England like cheap land.

19. Governing the colony
Winthrop was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Voting
At first, only stockholders in the M.B.C.
But non-stockholders wanted a say
Then all male church members could run for governor.
All male church members could elect representatives to the General Court (assembly)
The colony prospered.
Great Migration – 15,000 people immigrated from England.

20. Where is Plymouth, Mass.?

21. New England
Puritans

22. 1
QUESTION:
What was the name of the law-making body in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Why do you think the Puritans would allow only male church members to vote?
General Court

23. Settling Connecticut Thomas Hooker
Leads 100 people out of the Mass. Bay Colony
Felt the leaders had too much power
Found Hartford

24. Connecticut Plan of Government
All property-owning men could vote
Limited the power of the governor
1662 – Connecticut becomes a separate colony when the King grants them a charter.

25. THOMAS HOOKER
Connecticut

27. 2
QUESTIONS:
Do you feel that Thomas Hooker’s ideas for government were more fair than the Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Do you find that they are unfair in any way?

28. Settling Rhode Island Roger Williams
Felt that the Puritan Church held too much power
Wanted separation of church and state
The role of state is to maintain peace
Believed in toleration

29. Williams Kicked Out
Williams is kicked out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
He heads south and starts the Rhode Island Colony
In the Rhode Island Colony there is:
Complete religious freedom
First Jewish temple
No state church
All white men could vote

31. Island
Rhode
Williams
Roger

32. 3
QUESTIONS:
Which of Roger Williams’ ideas is still used in our government today?
Who was allowed to vote in the Rhode Island Colony?

33. Anne Hutchinson Puritan woman who would attend mass
She would give her viewpoint/opinion about the sermon
She questioned the authority of Puritan ministers

34. Hutchinson Put on Trial
No one could prove that she broke any laws.
Her mistake: She told lawmakers that God spoke directly to her (this went against the Puritan belief that God could only speak through the Bible).
Kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony
Went to Rhode Island
She is remembered for her brave stand.

35. Anne Hutchinson

37. 4
QUESTIONS:
If Anne Hutchinson lived today, do you think she would be put on trial? Why or why not?
Based on what you’ve read about Puritans, would you say that their religion was too strict? Why or why not?

38. Conflicts with Native Americans
As British settlements spread onto Indian lands, fighting broke out.
Chief Metacon of the Wampanoag tribe
Leads an Indian raid that leaves 600 English settlers dead and 12 towns destroyed.

39. The British Retaliate
The British capture and kill Metacon for what he had done.
1,000 Natives are rounded up and sold into slavery in the West Indies.

40. New Hampshire is Formed
New Hampshire becomes a colony.
The King grants a charter officially making it a colony.
It is made up mostly of fishing villages north of Boston.

41. New England

42. 5
QUESTIONS:
Why did Native Americans fight colonists coming over from England?
Was the fighting justified for either side?
Did the colonists have a right to enslave Indians?

43. Life in New England Puritans = COMMUNITY = tightly-knit towns
Each town had a common at its center with the meeting houses and other buildings around it.

45. Religion & Family Sunday = SABBATH – a day of rest NO GAMES NO FUN
Church service are an all-day event

46. Religion & Family Children considered “Blessings from God”
Average family had 7 – 8 children
Life Expectancy – 70 years!
New England’s healthy climate

48. Sabbath

51. Government
Town meetings – the people could speak their minds
Strict Puritan Laws
15 laws punished with the death penalty
Witchcraft was illegal
20 men and women in Salem were sentenced to death during the Salem Witch Trials.

52. Meeting House

54. Rocky soil was poor for farming
Economy
Rocky soil was poor for farming
They grew corn, beans, squash, and pumpkins
Forests full of riches
Turkeys, deer, hogs
Timber/lumber
Shipbuilding
Sap from sugar maple trees
The Atlantic Ocean
Fishing – Cod and Halibut
Shellfish – lobster and oysters
Whales – oil for lamps, ivory, and other products
OINK
What? Pigs can’t talk?
DO YOUR HW!

55. Hey…you. See any, uh, water near here
Hey…you. See any, uh, water near here? I kinda need some water, like, right now.

56. CAPE COD,
MASS.

57. Questions:
How did the Puritans demonstrate that their Sabbath day was very important?
What were some of the advantages to having many children?
What were the effect of the New England climate on the average lifespan of people in New England?
Explain how farming, the forests, and the sea all played a part in New England’s successful economy. 6

59. CHAPTER 4, SECTION 1: THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES