1. Find the Beat, Feel the Rhythm
Chapter 4

2. What you will learn
Explain the difference between beat, rhythm, meter, and accent
Identify metric patterns in music, and write these patterns in graphic notation
Explain the concept of melodic rhythm
Improvise rhythm patterns while coordinating your performance with other musicians in the class

3. Fill in the Blanks: Ch. 4.1 (p.76)
Beat is a unit of ________.
The beat gives music its _______.
Beats are the units that organize ________.
Rhythm is the way music moves _______.
An accent is ______ placed on _________.
Meter is the ____ aspect of music in which a certain number of ____ are ________.
Usually groups of ___ or ____.
The accents help establish _______.
A measure is the division of ____ into definied _____ seperated by a _______.
Musicians often perform _______ complex rhythms at the ________.

4. Vocabulary
Accent
Meter
Measure
Improvisation
Ostinato
Syncopation

5. Musician Profiles
Ludwig van Beethoven
Scott Joplin

6. What are rhythm, accent, and meter?
Time in music
Beat – unit of musical time
the beat gives music its energy
Beats are the units that organize all the rhythms in music
Rhythm – the way music moves through time
Accent:
Emphasis placed on musical sound

7. Meter
Aural aspect of music in which a certain number of beats are grouped together
Usually groups of two (duple) or three (triple)
The accents help establish the meter
Measure:
The division of beats into defined groups separated by a bar line
Activity 1, p. 77 CD 3:12

8. Coordination in music
In music, coordination involves keeping more than one rhythm going at one time
Musicians often perform more than one complex pattern at the same time
Activity 2, p. 79 CD 2:4
Count and coordinate rhythmic patterns
Drum set, from above

9. “Felt” time
When you are waiting on the telephone and music is put on, does slow music or fast music help the time pass faster?
Why?

10. Metrical Patterns and Melodic Rhythms
DO NOW: In notebooks, think and write a response to this prompt:
Think about patterns around you.
What patterns can you think of in plants, animals, weather, mathematics, science, and music
As humans, why are we drawn to patterns?

11. Mixing meters
Composers sometimes mix meters to create an interesting rhythmic organization in their music
This can be seen in the music of Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Melodic Rhythm: The rhythm pattern of a composition’s melody
A melodic pattern that is so distinctive that you can hear it just by clapping it

12. Rhythms in Everyday Life
STOMP
Musical group famous for its use of found musical instruments
Groups’ goal – “listen to the world in a different way and hear music where maybe they didn’t think there was music before”
Activity 5, p.83 CD 3:15 DVD Stomp
How does the music of STOMP invite you to listen to the world in a different way?
Would you classify this performance as dance?
How is it theatre?

13. Activity 6, p. 84 DVD – STOMP, Island Groove
How many different ways do they create sounds with basketballs?
Working in groups of four, practice your musical coordination and counting ability. Assign each person a number from one to four. In sequential order, perform each part.

14. Improvisation Spontaneous musical invention
The improviser is simultaneously a composer and performer
Most improvisation is done within certain boundaries
Elaborate on a familiar melody
The improviser and accompaniment must remain coordinated rhythmically and tonally
Improvisation is an art with many techniques
Some believe that improvisation is the highest form of human thinking
Activity 7, p. 86

15. Rhythm in the music of the Bamileke
Music is part of every day life in cultures around the planet
Cameroon
Home to many cultural groups

16. Use book, p. 86-87. Put all of this information in your chapter notes!
One country that stands out for _______ is Cameroon, a republic in ________.
Portuguese sailors visited the region in 1742, naming the region _________, translated to “River of Prawns”
The Bamileke people perform highly rhythmic music to accompany _____ which is their warrior dance.
These dances celebrate ability and skill in ______________.
The performers ware _____________ typical of the region.
The music resounds with ______________.
Although these dances vary quite a bit, all of them attempt to tell a story in some way. Listen closely to the music you are hearing. Create a story that you believe fits the music and could be communicated through the music and dance. Remember that these are warrior dances and this should be part of your story in some way. Good stories should introduce the characters, describe the action or conflict, and tell how the characters overcome the adversity.

17. Rhythmic patterns in Bamileke music
The people perform highly rhythmic music to accompany their Lali – warrior dance
The dances are performed only by males
They symbolize tribal unity and pride
Activity 8, p. 88 CD 3:17
Instruments
Two-tone bells
N’to – mid-sized tubular drum
N’ket – large closed drum
rattles

18. Syncopation
Deliberate shifts of accent so that it conflicts with the steady beat
The goal is to interrupt or upset the steady beat
Creates a feeling of imbalance

19. Ragtime American music full of syncopation
Dance form of the 19th century
Usually written down, unlike jazz
Amateurs could buy and play the music
“The Entertainer” Scott Joplin

20. Scott Joplin (1868-1917) Born in Texarkana, Texas Taught himself piano
Published his first collection in 1899
Ragtime was overshadowed by jazz
The movie The Sting (1973) featured Joplin’s music which led to a rediscovery of Ragtime
He now holds and important place in American music
“Maple Leaf Rag” (1899) named for a club in Sedalia
Activity 9, p. 91 CD 3:18

21. Creative rhythms Blue Man Group From the Top – Rattan Trio CD 1:7
Known for memorable appearance and distinctive performances
They take simple ideas and make them sound complex
Activity 10, p. 93 CD 3:19/DVD
From the Top – Rattan Trio CD 1:7
Chapter Review p. 95 #1-16

22. Review - terms
The aural aspect of music in which a certain number of beats are grouped together
Meter
The division of beats into defined groups separated by a bar line
Measure
Type of spontaneous musical invention
Improvisation
The emphasis place on a musical sound
Accent
A repeated melodic figure
Melodic ostinato

23. Review – more terms
Deliberate shifts of the accent so that it goes against the steady beat
Syncopation
A repeated musical figure
Ostinato
Since the first beat of a group is accented, hearing the accent helps establish the…
Meter
The rhythm pattern of a composition’s melody
Melodic rhythm

24. Review Syncopation Bamileke music
creates a feeling of imbalance or something unexpected
Feeling is caused by accents falling on weaker beats or between main beats
Bamileke music
Perform highly rhythmic music to accompany their warrior dance
Instruments: two-tone bells, N’to(medium sized tubular drum, N’ket (large closed drum, rattles

25. Review Why is coordination an important asset for a musician?
While keeping a steady beat, a musician often plays one or more complex rhythms simultaneously
Explain the difference between beat and rhythm
Beat is a unit of musical time, a steady recurring pulse
Rhythm is the way music paces itself and moves through time
How does Blue Man Group take a very simple musical idea and make it sound richly complex?
They make music that sounds complex by subdividing beats into beats of equal length

26. Review
What did Beethoven use for the opening of the Second Movement of his Symphony No. 7
Simple melodic rhythm
What did Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov us in “Procession of the Nobles”?
Mixed meter
Who composed the “Maple Leaf Rag”
Scott Joplin
When was Ragtime popular?
Before World War I

27. Review - essay
Using music terminology, describe the rhythmic techniques used in the segment from STOMP Out Loud to create interest and variety
Use of ostinatos
Use of found instruments
Dramatic dynamics
Variety of rhythms
Use of movement and sound together

28. Review- essay
What is the function of meter in music? What is meant by the term mixed meters?
Meter establishes a certain number of beats per measure
This is done with accents
A mixed meter means that the number of beats per measure changes with the piece