Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Aerial view of the Copper River Delta, Alaska

Published byJennifer Johnston Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Aerial view of the Copper River Delta, Alaska"— Presentation transcript:

1 Fish community responses to global changes in French streams Patterns and mechanisms
Aerial view of the Copper River Delta, Alaska Lucie Kuczynski1, Gaël Grenouillet1 and Pierre Legendre2 1 Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique – Toulouse, France 2 Département de Sciences Biologiques – Montréal, Canada

2 Aerial view of the Copper River Delta, Alaska

3

4

5 Different processes are shaping diversity…
Abiotic conditions Ressources Climat Connectivity Perturbations Biotic interactions Predation/herbivory Parasitism Competition Symbiosis/Facilitation Mutualism Spatial structure Longitude Latitude Upstream/Downstream

6 Thus, diversity varies through space…

7 But also through time. Time 𝛼 diversity Space 𝛽 diversity

8 How does diversity change over time ?
Change in 𝛼 diversity over time: Temporal 𝛽 diversity. Change in spatial 𝛽 diversity over time. 𝛼 diversity Space 𝛽 diversity

9 And, what are the drivers of these changes ?
Time Change in 𝛼 diversity over time: Temporal 𝛽 diversity. Change in spatial 𝛽 diversity over time. 𝛼 diversity Space Abiotic conditions Biotic interactions Spatial structure 𝛽 diversity

10 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time.

11 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time. D 1 … N communities LCBD 1 … N communities

12 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 2 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time. D 1 … N communities LCBD 1 … N communities ΔLCBD

13 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 2 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time. D 1 … N communities LCBD 1 … N communities ΔLCBD

14 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 2 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time. D 1 … N communities TBI 1 … N communities LCBD 1 … N communities ΔLCBD

15 Two new indices to quantify changes in diversity…
1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 1 1 … N communities Y 1 … P species Period 2 Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD): Uniqueness of a community in terms of structure. Temporal Beta Index (TBI): Change in community structure over time. D 1 … N communities TBI 1 … N communities = Losses 1 … N communities + Gains 1 … N communities LCBD 1 … N communities ΔLCBD

16 Stream fish communities as model…

17 Stream fish communities as model…
Abundances for 64 species. 332 sampled communities. 2 time periods based on temperature anomalies.

18 Stream fish communities as model…
Climate change (mean annual temperature, temperature seasonnality, total annual precipitations), Land use change (PCA axis), Fragmentation (number of dams), Change in relative abundances of non native species, Upstream – downstream gradient. Abundances for 64 species. 332 sampled communities. 2 time periods based on temperature anomalies.

19 In a context of climate change, …

20 … fish communities tend to homogenize...
𝛽cold = and 𝛽warm =  Homogenization (pvalue < 0.001). No significant change in LCBD.

21 … by experiencing a great change in structure.
𝛽cold = and 𝛽warm =  Homogenization (pvalue < 0.001). No significant change in LCBD. TBI = 0.62 ± 0.23

22 And this structure change is mainly due to population declines.
𝛽cold = and 𝛽warm =  Homogenization (pvalue < 0.001). No significant change in LCBD. TBI = 0.62 ± 0.23 Losses = 65% versus Gains = 35%. Percentage of TBI due to losses

23 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.

24 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality

25 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality TBI + Upstream-Downstream

26 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality TBI + Upstream-Downstream Losses - Fragmentation

27 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality TBI + Upstream-Downstream Losses - Fragmentation

28 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality TBI + Upstream-Downstream Losses - Fragmentation Gains + Fragmentation - Change in Rainfall

29 Overall, different drivers are implied for each observed change.
ΔLCBD + Change in Non native species + Change in Seasonality TBI + Upstream-Downstream Losses - Fragmentation Gains + Fragmentation - Change in Rainfall

30 To sum up… Change in Homogenization community structure No change in
uniqueness

31 To sum up… Gains Change in Losses Homogenization community structure
No change in uniqueness

32 Upstream – Downstream gradient
To sum up… Gains Change in community structure Losses Homogenization Upstream – Downstream gradient No change in uniqueness

33 Upstream – Downstream gradient
To sum up… Change in precipitations Gains Fragmentation Change in community structure Losses Homogenization Upstream – Downstream gradient Crowding effect. No change in uniqueness

34 Upstream – Downstream gradient
To sum up… Change in precipitations Gains Fragmentation Change in community structure Losses Homogenization Change in relative abundances of non native species Upstream – Downstream gradient No change in uniqueness

35 To sum up… Change in precipitations Gains Fragmentation Change in
community structure Losses Homogenization Change in relative abundances of non native species Upstream – Downstream gradient This differenciation could turn quickly in homogenization as non native species spread. No change in uniqueness Change in temperature seasonality

36 Thank you for your attention!
If you have any questions …

Download ppt "Aerial view of the Copper River Delta, Alaska"

Similar presentations

7.2 Describing Climates.

7.2 Describing Climates.
INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. This is NOT a class about remembering the names, locations, or measures of physical features and natural phenomena around.

INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. This is NOT a class about remembering the names, locations, or measures of physical features and natural phenomena around.
MAPPING ANIMAL FITNESS ONTO SEASONAL CLIMATE CHANGE F. Stephen Dobson Department of Biological Sciences College of Science & Mathematics.

MAPPING ANIMAL FITNESS ONTO SEASONAL CLIMATE CHANGE F. Stephen Dobson Department of Biological Sciences College of Science & Mathematics.
Levels of Ecological Organization in Freshwater Systems Population Community Ecosystem.

Levels of Ecological Organization in Freshwater Systems Population Community Ecosystem.
ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT An Introduction. ECOLOGY  The study of how organisms interact with one another and with their environment (surroundings).

ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT An Introduction. ECOLOGY  The study of how organisms interact with one another and with their environment (surroundings).
Introduction Subalpine meadows play a crucial role in species diversity, supporting many endangered species of plant and wildlife. Subalpine meadows play.

Introduction Subalpine meadows play a crucial role in species diversity, supporting many endangered species of plant and wildlife. Subalpine meadows play.
Biodiversity, Human Impact, and Conservation

Biodiversity, Human Impact, and Conservation
OUR Ecological Footprint - 1. 6…. Ch 20 Community Ecology: Species Abundance + Diversity.

OUR Ecological Footprint …. Ch 20 Community Ecology: Species Abundance + Diversity.
Effects of Fire, Extreme Weather, and Anthropogenic Disturbance On Avian Biodiversity in the U.S. NASA Biodiversity Science Team Meeting, Washington DC.

Effects of Fire, Extreme Weather, and Anthropogenic Disturbance On Avian Biodiversity in the U.S. NASA Biodiversity Science Team Meeting, Washington DC.
Meeting of the CCl/OPACE2 Task Team on National Climate Monitoring Products How might NCMPs contribute in future IPCC reports ? Fatima Driouech TT on national.

Meeting of the CCl/OPACE2 Task Team on National Climate Monitoring Products How might NCMPs contribute in future IPCC reports ? Fatima Driouech TT on national.
Geography!. What is Geography? The study of “people, places, and things.” The study of the biological, physical, and cultural processes of the earth.

Geography!. What is Geography? The study of “people, places, and things.” The study of the biological, physical, and cultural processes of the earth.
TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS LAND ECOSYSTEMS: BIOMES AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS: MARINE AND LAKES.

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS LAND ECOSYSTEMS: BIOMES AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS: MARINE AND LAKES.
2.1 - Structure IB Topics 2.1.1-2.1.7. Biotic and Abiotic Components Biotic  All living components of the ecosystem  Ex: Abiotic  All non-living components.

2.1 - Structure IB Topics Biotic and Abiotic Components Biotic  All living components of the ecosystem  Ex: Abiotic  All non-living components.
January 27, 2011 Summary Background on Delta Flow and Habitat Relationships Delta Stewardship Council Presentation by the Independent Consultant.

January 27, 2011 Summary Background on Delta Flow and Habitat Relationships Delta Stewardship Council Presentation by the Independent Consultant.
Evolution Intro Demonstrate and understanding of the various processes and mechanisms concerning evolution as they apply to modern taxonomic systems.

Evolution Intro Demonstrate and understanding of the various processes and mechanisms concerning evolution as they apply to modern taxonomic systems.
Results I) Regional Survey Rarefaction curves leveled off across sites, suggesting that the sample effort was sufficient to capture differences between.

Results I) Regional Survey Rarefaction curves leveled off across sites, suggesting that the sample effort was sufficient to capture differences between.
Topic 2 – The Ecosystem 2.1 - Structure IB Topics 2.1.1-2.1.7.

Topic 2 – The Ecosystem Structure IB Topics
Ecosystems and Communities. Climate vs. Weather Weather – day to day conditions in a particular place at a particular time. Climate – avg. of temperature.

Ecosystems and Communities. Climate vs. Weather Weather – day to day conditions in a particular place at a particular time. Climate – avg. of temperature.
Biodiversity, Human Impact, and Conservation. Lecture 1: Biodiversity Biodiversity is the variation of lifeforms within a given ecosystem. Biodiversity.

Biodiversity, Human Impact, and Conservation. Lecture 1: Biodiversity Biodiversity is the variation of lifeforms within a given ecosystem. Biodiversity.
Effects of Stream Restoration: A Comparative Study of Pine Run in Felton, Pennsylvania Luke Mummert, Department of Biological Sciences, York College of.

Effects of Stream Restoration: A Comparative Study of Pine Run in Felton, Pennsylvania Luke Mummert, Department of Biological Sciences, York College of.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google