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The Ten obligatory acts (Shia Islam)

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Presentation on theme: "The Ten obligatory acts (Shia Islam)"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Ten obligatory acts (Shia Islam)
1 Salah Praying 5 times a day 2 Sawm Fasting during Ramadan 3 Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca 4 Zakah Alms given 5 Khums Tax set at 20% for causes decided by Shia leaders 6 Jihad Striving in the way of Allah 7 Amrbil ma’roof Encouraging good actions 8 Nahi anil munkar Discouraging evil actions 9 Tawalla Association with good people eg those who follow the ahl al -bayt 10 Tabarra Dissociation with evil people These are demonstrated in actions and behaviour in every day life eg praying regularly, helping those in need and encouraging other Muslims to do so too. They can be a guide for how to go to heaven. “God has promised the believers…gardens graced with flowing streams where they will remain”) Qur’an Based on Qur’an, Hadith, early Shia scholars These are important as they show faith in action not just words Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

2 The Shahadah- declaration of faith
Declaration of faith, one of 5 Pillars- sums up Islam: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger."  A Shia may add “Ali is the friend of God” Tawhid- 1 God, only worship him, trust in anything else is shirk Risalah- Muhammad delivered final message Important because: 1st Pillar Declaration of faith (said if converting to Islam) Testimony- a reminder of their commitments as a Muslim Rewards (heaven) promised to those who put Allah and the prophet before everything It is said regularly: Recited since the time of Muhammad First words a new-born baby hears At the burial service “Whoever obeys God and the messenger will be among those he has blessed” Qur’an Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

3 Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life
Salah-prayer Prayer, daily prayers, second of 5 Pillars, worship as the purpose of human creation Existed since Muhammad who showed Muslims how to pray, way of communicating with Allah “Keep up regular prayer for prayer is obligatory for the believers at prescribed times” 5 times a day at set times Wudu/ablutions before Facing Mecca (Ka’bah),the direction is called qiblah Rak’ah – movements- sajdah is prostration Said in Arabic taken form Qur;an , Sunnah, Hadith Shi Muslims may use small brick – turbah- heads touching something natural- we come from earth and will return to it Mosque Home Dedicated space Make home a spiritual place unity Trains children to pray Hadith – 27 times better Less distractions Jummah prayer- imam will give sermon/talk Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

4 Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life
Sawm- Fasting During month of Ramadan all healthy men/women go without food/drink in daylight hours “Fasting is prescribed for you…it was in the month of Ramadan that the Qur’an was revealed times” Qur’an Compulsory for all Muslims Qur'an revealed in this month Brings you closer to Allah Appreciate what poor people suffer Teaches self restraint Create unity Night of Power- Laylat al- Qadr Angel Jibril visits Muhammad- reveals Allah's word. Some Muslims spend last days of Ramadan in I’tikaf (seclusion in mosque- praying, studying) Some believe all prayers accepted this night or angels will support you Muhammad advised followers to seek Laylat al Qadr on one of odd nights towards end of month – 21st, 23rd,25th,27th,29th Those not required to fast: sick, travellers on long journeys, elderly, young children, pregnant/breastfeeding women. They can make up fast later or donate money. “The night of glory is better than a thousand months..” Qur’an Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

5 Zakah and Khums- charity
Pillar of Islam- compulsory. Means “purification” . 2.5% of savings/wealth Given by those who meet nisab (amount needed for own basic needs) Sadaqah – voluntary charity “Those who pay zakah are counted among successful believers” Qur’an Used for: Helping poor Helping those in debt Helping travellers Ransom for prisoners of war Other things to help society eg mosques, schools Khums: “Know that one fifth of your battle gains belongs to God and the Messenger” Qur’an Khums: Shia Muslims give 1/5 (20%) of savings. Believe failure to give means money is not pure. The prophet suggested it is better to give rather than receive: “the upper hand is better than the lower hand” Hadith Important because: Islam means “peace”- helps create a harmonious (peaceful)society Form of worship Those who give will be rewarded (heaven) Qur’an praises those who pay If misuse wealth can turn away from God Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

6 Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life
Hajj - pilgrimage One of 5 Pillars ,Mecca, holiest place, Muhammad lived/preached here. Ka’bah 1st place Allah worshipped. “Proclaim the pilgrimage to all people” Qur’an Must do IF can afford, healthy, safe Wear white ihram (all equal) Tawaf – 7x Kab’ah Walk between hills 3.Mina 4. Arafat – pray 5.Collect pebbles 6. Stoning pillars ( against evil) 7. Animal sacrificed 8.Tawaf Why important: History of Ismal – Ibrahim chosen by Allah, how Ibrahim established Ka’bah Unity Sins forgiven Fresh start Focus on Allah Story of Hagar’s search for water 5 Pillars Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

7 Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life
Jihad- “struggle” Referred to in Qur’an and Hadith, one of Shia 10 obligatory acts “Be mindful of God…and strive for his cause, so you may prosper” Qur’an “A man came to the prophet and asked for his permission to go on jihad. The prophet asked are your parents alive? He replied “Yes”. The prophet said “then your Jihad is with them” Hadith Greater/inner jihad: striving to be better person, resist evil- help poor, do not let anger get to you Important because: Both jihads were performed by Muhammad The Qur’an teaches about the need to be against evil in oneself and within society Allah is pleased by those who aim to be better people Lesser jihad (Striving with the sword) - resisting evil through military /physical ways eg defending land or places of worship. Muhammad fought against those who wanted to end Islam. BUT strict conditions: Persecution Religious freedom Being attacked/defending land/religion Authorized by a Muslim leader Not target civilians eg women, kids Not harm crops Not to convert others Most Muslims say nothing can justify terrorism – lesser jihad does not permit terrorism. Islam means “peace” Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life

8 Celebrations and commemorations (festivals)
Who What Why Id-ul-Adha All End of Hajj, animals sacrifice, meat to family and to poor, new clothes, go to mosque Recall story of Ibrahim and Isma’il, reminder to be devoted to Allah, unity of community Id-ul-Fitr Started by Muhammad, end of Ramadan, new clothes, mosque, sermon ( talk), money to less fortunate thanks for fasting/ blessings, recall poor- community Id-ul-Ghadeer Shia Fasting on the day, gather at mosque, recite poetry, speeches about importance of event Recalls Muhammad declaring Ali as leader. Ghadeer is the pond where this took place Ashura Mosque every night , mosques draped in black- mourning, pilgrims visit Karbala to shrine of Hussain, . Some whip themselves to express grief. Some donate blood instead. Martyrdom of Muhammad’s grandson Imam Hussain and family in Karbala Why festivals are important: inspire people, unite the ummah, show commitment to Allah, increase faith. Religion and Ethics : Islam: Living the Muslim life


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