1. Medical Consequences of Obesity
Pulmonary disease
abnormal function
obstructive sleep apnea
hypoventilation syndrome
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Stroke
Cataracts
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
steatosis
steatohepatitis
cirrhosis
Coronary heart disease
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Hypertension
Gall bladder disease
Gynecologic abnormalities
abnormal menses
infertility
polycystic ovarian syndrome
Cancer
breast, uterus, cervix
colon, esophagus, pancreas
kidney, prostate
Osteoarthritis
Phlebitis
venous stasis
Skin
Slide Source: Obesityonline.org
Gout

2. Estimated Epidemiology of Diabetes

3. DM Prevalence in Indonesia
1982
6.1%
6.1%
1.6 %
1.5 %
2005
1984
1.1%
1.4%
1998
1992
2004
3.5 %
Padang
Jakarta
Singaparna
Pekajangan
Makassar
Surabaya
Bali
Manado
5.7 %
3.7%
2001
9.2%
12.5 %
14.7 %
2003
2005

4. Obesity is a key driver of the diabetes epidemic
50–65% of the general population are obese or overweight1
The risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases with increasing weight2
It is estimated that half of all diabetes cases would be eliminated if weight gain could be prevented3
50–65% of the general population, not only in the US, Europe and Australia, but also in lower to moderate income countries such as Mexico, Egypt and the black population of South Africa, are obese (BMI  30.0 kg/m2) or overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2).1
The link between obesity and diabetes is well established,2 with the vast majority of individuals with type 2 diabetes being overweight or obese.
While the risk of diabetes increases with weight, several studies have shown that moderate weight loss and increased physical activity can prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes.3–5
The Diabetes Prevention Program, for example, found that the participants who increased their physical activity and lost 5–7% of their body weight (10–15 pounds or 4.5–7 kg) reduced their progression to diabetes by 58% during the course of the study.3
1International Diabetes Federation. Press Release: 09 November Available at: 2Mokdad AH, et al. JAMA 2003; 289:76–79. 3Knowler WC, et al. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:393– Tuomilehto J, et al. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:1343– Pan XR, et al. Diabetes Care 1997; 20:537–544.
1http:// 2Mokdad AH, et al. JAMA 2003; 289:76–79.
3Knowler WC, et al. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:393–403.

5. Complications of Diabetes
Macro vascular
Micro vascular
Brain
Cerebrovascular disease
Transient ischemic attack
Cerebrovascular accident
Cognitive impairment
Eye
Retinopathy
Cataracts
Glaucoma
Heart
Coronary artery disease
Coronary syndrome
Myocardial infarction
Congestive heart failure
Kidney
Nephropathy
Microalbuminuria
Gross albuminuria
Kidney failure
Extremities
Peripheral vascular disease
Ulceration
Gangrene
Amputation
Nerves
Neuropathy
Peripheral
Autonomic