1. Chemical Safety Subpart Z Joe Nail Hazard Communication Standard
Subpart Z
Industrial Safety Lecture Three
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2. Introduction What is a Chemical Hazard? Chemical Hazards
Answer: Any chemical that can cause illness, injury, or an emergency.
Chemical Hazards
Physical
Health
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3. Chemical Hazards
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4. Chemical Hazards Pyrophoric Flammable Chemicals Combustible Chemicals
Oxidizers
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5. OHSA’s Haz-Com Standard
OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard is designed to protect employees from hazardous chemicals used or stored in the work setting.
Also referred to as the "Right-To-Know Law" Law, the Hazard Communication Standard requires that information and training (i.e., hazcom training) be provided to any employees who have the potential of being exposed to a hazardous chemical “under normal condition of use or in a foreseeable emergency.”
Such hazcom training requires the presence of hazardous chemicals be communicated to employees in a variety of ways, including:
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6. Purpose
The purpose of the standard is to make sure that the hazards of chemicals are evaluated
That information concerning their hazards is communicated to employers and employees
More than 30 million workers are potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards. There are an estimated 650,000 existing hazardous chemical products, and hundreds of new ones are being introduced annually. This poses a serious problem for exposed workers and their employers.

7. Who is covered
OSHA’s Hazard Communication (HazCom) standard applies to general industry, shipyard, marine terminals, longshoring, and construction employment and covers chemical manufacturers, importers, employers, and employees exposed to chemical hazards.
More than 30 million workers are potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards. There are an estimated 650,000 existing hazardous chemical products, and hundreds of new ones are being introduced annually. This poses a serious problem for exposed workers and their employers.
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8. HazCom Requirements The hazardous chemical inventory
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)
Labels, tags or signs
The written Hazard Communication program
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9. Background
The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is based on a simple concept--that employees have both a need and a right to know the hazards and identities of the chemicals they are exposed to when working
the HCS will result in a reduction of illnesses and injuries caused by chemicals.
Employers will have the information they need to design an appropriate protective program.

11. Background
They also need to know what protective measures are available to prevent adverse effects from occurring
The HCS is designed to provide employees with the information they need
Employees will be better able to participate in these programs effectively when they understand the hazards involved, and to take steps to protect themselves.
Together, these employer and employee actions will prevent the occurrence of adverse effects caused by the use of chemicals in the workplace.
MSDS

12. Employers
Employers are required to provide information to their employees about the hazardous chemicals to which they are exposed using:
A hazard communication program
labels and other forms of warnings
material safety data sheets (MSDS)
information and training

13. Warehouse and Retail Operations
In work operations where employees only handle chemicals in sealed containers, which are not opened under normal conditions
Employers must only do the following:
Ensure labels on incoming chemicals are not defaced or removed
Maintain copies of any material safety data sheets that are received with incoming shipments
Obtain MSDS a.s.a.p. for shipments received w/out MSDS

14. Warehouse and Retail Operations
Provide employees with information and training (no written program required) to the extent necessary to protect them in the event of a spill or leak of a hazardous chemical from a sealed container

15. Labeling Exemptions
Other federal agencies control the labeling requirements for the following substances:
Pesticides
Chemicals covered under the Toxic Substance Control Act
Foods or food additives
Distilled Spirits, tobacco
Consumer products, lumber, cosmetics
Hazardous wastes
pesticides are covered under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
Bureau ATF (booze)
Consumer Products Safety Act

16. Employer Requirements- Written Program
Employers must develop a written program that covers at least:
Labels and other forms of warnings
Material Safety Data Sheets
Employee Information and Training

17. Employer Requirements- Written Program
Employers must develop a written program that covers at least:
A list of the hazardous chemicals known to be present at the facility along with MSDS’s for each chemical
The methods the employer will use to inform employees of the hazards non-routine tasks
The hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes
Can be compiled for the entire facility or individual departments

18. Multi-Employer Workplaces
If employees of other employers could be exposed to hazardous chemicals the program must include:
Methods to provide contractor employees with on-site access to MSDS for each chemical those workers may be exposed to
The methods used to inform other employers of any precautionary measures to be taken for normal and emergency situations
The employers chemical labeling system

19. Consumer Products Exemption
Any consumer product as defined in the Consumer Product Safety Act where the employer can show that:
It is used in the workplace for the purpose intended
The use results in a duration and frequency of exposure which is not greater than the range of exposures that could reasonably be experienced by consumers when used for the purpose intended

20. Written Program Availability
The employer must make the written program available, upon request, to:
Employees and their designated representatives
Where work is carried out at more than one location, the program may be kept at the main location

21. Labels, Tags and Markings
The employer must ensure that each container of hazardous chemicals in the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with the following:
Identity of the hazardous chemical
Appropriate hazard warnings
This above labeling information is required of the manufacturer so the employer must ensure that the original labels from the manufacturer are on all containers and remain legible

22. Container Labeling Exemption for Portable Containers
The employer is not required to label portable containers into which hazardous chemicals are transferred from labeled containers, and which are intended only for the immediate use by the employee who performs the transfer

23. affix new labels to comply with the standard if
The employer need not
affix new labels to comply
with the standard if
existing labels already covey
the required information

24. New Hazard Information
Manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers who become newly aware of significant information regarding chemical hazards shall:
Revise the labels for the chemical within three months
Revise the MSDS for the chemical within three months

25. MSDS kept in other forms
MSDS may be kept in any form including operating procedures
It may be more appropriate to address the hazards of a process rather than individual hazardous chemicals

26. Employee Information and Training
Employers must provide employees information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area:
At the time of their initial assignment
Whenever a new physical or health hazard the employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area
Training may cover categories of hazards

27. Employee Information Employers must inform employees:
Of the training requirements of this section ( (h) Employee information and training.);
Any operations in their work area where hazardous chemicals are present;
The location and availability of the written hazard communication program

28. Employee Training Employee training shall include at least:
The means to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical in the work area
The physical and health hazards of chemicals in the work area
Measures employees can take to protect themselves
Details of the employers specific program
Such as monitoring done by the employer
continuous monitoring devices
visual appearance or odor
Specific procedures, work practices, emergency procedures and PPE
Explain labeling system, MSDS, how employees can obtain and use haz info.

29. Chemical Agents-This Discussion
Health Hazards
Category A-Biological Agents
Category B-Physical Agents
Category C-Chemical Agents
Chemical Agents-This Discussion
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30. Chemical Health Effects
Irritants: Inflame skin tissue on contact.
Corrosives: Destroy skin tissue at point of contact.
Sensitizers: Cause allergic reactions.
Target-Organ Chemicals: Damage specific body organs and systems.
Reproductive Hazards: Change genetic information in egg or sperm cells and/or damage fetus after conception.
Carcinogens: Cause cancer.
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31. Health Hazards Sensitizers Target-Organ Chemicals Reproductive Hazards
Carcinogens
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32. Health Hazards Irritants Corrosives Industrial Safety Lecture Three
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33. Corrosive
Visible destruction, or irreversible damage to body tissue
Acids
Caustics (or bases)
Caustics
(or bases)
pH Scale
Acids 1 7 14

34. Target
Organ
Effects

35. Hepatotoxins Chemicals which produce liver damage
Signs and Symptoms: Jaundice, liver enlargement
Chemicals: Carbon Tetrachloride, nitrosamines

36. Nephrotoxins Chemicals which produce kidney damage
Signs and Symptoms: Edema
Chemicals: Halogenated Hydrocarbons, uranium
Edema abnormal accumulation of fluid in joints, but can be caused by a variety of other exposures, tight bandages etc...

37. Neurotoxins
Chemicals which produce their primary toxic effects on the nervous system
Signs and Symptoms: Narcosis, behavioral changes, decreased motor function
Chemicals: Mercury, carbon disulfide, lead

38. Agents which act on the blood
Decrease hemoglobin function, deprive the body tissues of oxygen
Signs and Symptoms: Cyanosis, loss of consciousness
Chemicals: Carbon monoxide, cyanides
Cyanosis: blue skin

39. Agents which damage the lungs
Chemicals which damage pulmonary tissue
Signs and Symptoms: Cough, tightness in the chest, loss of breath
Chemicals: Asbestos, silica

40. Reproductive toxins Chemicals which damage reproductive capabilities
Includes chromosomal damage (mutations) and damage to fetuses (teratogenesis)
Signs and Symptoms: Birth defects, sterility
Chemicals: Lead

41. Cutaneous hazards Chemicals which effect the dermal layer of the body
Signs and Symptoms: Defatting of the skin, rashes, irritation
Chemicals: Ketones, chlorinated compounds

42. Eye hazards Chemicals which affect the eye or visual capacity
Signs and symptoms: Conjunctivitis, corneal damage, blurred vision, burning or irritation
Chemicals: Solvents, corrosives

43. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are one of the most important tools
available to employers
for providing information, and protection
to workers from hazardous chemicals
which are used in the workplace.
Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS)
This section will cover the format and content of MSDS
most important sections
exposure limits
physical properties
PPE
emergency procedures

44. 1910.1200 (g)(2) MSDS, required information
Identity of the chemical
Physical and chemical characteristics
Physical hazards
Chemical hazards
Primary routes of entry
PEL’s or other exposure limits
Control measures
Emergency procedures
Whether the hazardous chemical is listed in the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Annual Report on Carcinogens
precautions for safe handling and use
Date of preparation
Name, address and telephone of the manufacturer

45. Material Safety Data Sheet U.S. Department of Labor
May be used to comply with Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard, (Non-Mandatory Form)
29 CFR Standard must be consulted for specific requirements.
Form Approved
OMB No
IDENTITY (As Used on Label and List) Note: Blank spaces are not permitted. If any item is not applicable, or no information is available, the space must be marked to indicate that.
Section I
Manufacturer's Name Emergency Telephone Number
Address (Number, Street, City, State, and ZIP Code) Telephone Number for Information
Date Prepared Signature of Preparer (optional)

46. Section II - Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information
Hazardous Components (Specific Chemical Identity;
Common Name(s)) OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV Other
Limits
Recommended %(optional)

47. Section III - Physical/Chemical Characteristics
Boiling Point Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg.) Melting Point
Vapor Density (AIR = 1) Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1)
Solubility in Water
Appearance and Odor

48. Section IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
Flash Point (Method Used) Flammable Limits LEL UEL
Extinguishing Media
Special Fire Fighting Procedures
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards

49. Section V - Reactivity Data
Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid
Stable
Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)
Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts
Hazardous Polymerization May Occur Conditions to Avoid
Will Not Occur

50. Section VI - Health Hazard Data
Route(s) of Entry: Inhalation? Skin? Ingestion?
Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)
Carcinogenicity: NTP? IARC Monographs? OSHA Regulated?
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure
Emergency and First Aid Procedures

51. Section VII - Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled
Waste Disposal Method
Precautions to Be taken in Handling and Storing
Other Precautions

52. Section VIII - Control Measures
Respiratory Protection (Specify Type)
Ventilation Local Exhaust Special
Mechanical (General) Other
Protective Gloves Eye Protection
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment
Work/Hygienic Practices

53. Setting up a program The HCS covers both:
Physical hazards (such as flammability), and
Health hazards (such as irritation, lung damage, and cancer)
Most chemicals used in the workplace have some hazard potential, and thus will be covered by the rule

54. Setting up a program
One difference between this rule and many others adopted by OSHA is that this one is performance-oriented
That means that you have the flexibility to adapt the rule to the needs of your workplace, rather than having to follow specific, rigid requirements

55. Setting up a program
Make a list of all chemicals in the workplace that are potentially hazardous
The best way to prepare a comprehensive list is to survey the workplace
Identify chemicals in containers, including pipes
Establish purchasing procedures so that MSDSs are being received before a material is used in the workplace

56. Identify hazardous chemicals in the workplace.
Compile a complete list of the potentially hazardous chemicals in the workplace
Determine if you have received material safety data sheets for all of them
If any are missing, contact your supplier and request one
You should not allow employees to use any chemicals for which you have not received an MSDS

57. Preparing and implementing a hazard communication program
All workplaces where employees are exposed to hazardous chemicals must have a written plan
The plan does not have to be lengthy or complicated
Many trade associations and other professional groups have provided sample programs and other assistance materials to affected employers

58. Employee training
If there are only a few chemicals in the workplace, then you may want to discuss each one individually
Where there are large numbers of chemicals, or the chemicals change frequently, you will probably want to train generally based on the hazard categories (e.g., flammable liquids, corrosive materials, carcinogens)

59. Documentation
The rule does not require employers to maintain records of employee training, but many employers choose to do so
This may help you monitor your own program to ensure that all employees are appropriately trained
Hazard
Communication

60. Recognizing Chemical Health Effects-What to Look for.
Symptoms appear while you are at work.
Symptoms get worse during the work week but go away when you are off.
Fellow employees have reported similar symptoms.
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61. Forms of Chemical Hazards
Solids, Liquids, Gases, Vapors, Mists, Dusts, and Fumes.
Exposure Routes
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62. Control of Chemical Hazards and Exposures
Engineering and Mechanical Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
Administrative and Procedural Controls
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63. Chemical Spill Response
Requires Special Training
What can I do?
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64. Chemical Spill Response CFR 1910
Chemical Spill Response CFR Hazardous Waste Operations and Response Standard (HAZWOPER)
Option #1-Evacuate employees and call in professional emergency response personnel. (EAP) 29 CFR (a)
Option #2-Respond internally. (EAP) 29 CFR
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65. Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
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66. Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
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67. First Aid for Chemical Exposure
Ingestion
Inhalation
Skin Contact
Eye Contact
Burns
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68. Review 1. Give the names of the two chemical hazards.
2. What name is given to a chemical which will burst into flame when contacted by air?
3. What term is given to chemicals which can cause and /or support fire in other materials?
4. What is a health hazard?
5. Which kind of health hazard destroys skin on contact?
6. Chemicals that cause sterility, fetal death, and birth defects are called ____________.
7. What is a carcinogen?
8. Give the three states in which a chemical can exist.
9. Give the three ways employees can be exposed to health hazards.
10.What are the most common skin contact hazards?
11.What is an MSDS?
12.What kind of information is found on the MSDS?
Industrial Safety Lecture Three
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