1. Asalaam Alekum 12/2/2015

2.  At the end of lecture students should know:  Introduction & definition of Dental (Pit & fissure) sealants  Role of sealants in preventive dentistry  Indications  Contraindications  Types  Glass ionomer & Resin based sealants  Recommendations  Factors affecting long term success  Placement technique  Advantages Pit and Fissure Sealants

3.  Dental sealants also known as pit & fissure sealants are defined as a preventive dental treatment, where a plastic material is placed in the pits and fissures of primary or permanent molar & premolar teethdentalplastic  Provide mechanical barrier against cariogenic bacteria  The procedure is esthetic, non-invasive, and cost- effective Pit and Fissure Sealants

4. Role of dental sealants in preventive dentistry:  Posterior teeth (mainly molars) are considered the most susceptible teeth to dental caries due to the occlusal anatomy, which unfortunately inhibits protection from saliva and fluoride and favors plaque accumulationdental caries salivafluorideplaque  Sealants are used in combination with patient education, effective personal oral hygiene, and the use of fluorides for the prevention of dental caries. Pit and Fissure Sealants

5.  A history of dental cariesdental caries  Deep retentive pits and fissures  Early signs of dental cariesdental caries  Poor plaque controlplaque  Cariogenic diet  Enamel defects, such as enamel hypoplasiaenamel hypoplasia  Orthodontic appliances  Patients or teeth that are at high risk of dental caries Pit and Fissure Sealants

6.  A balanced diet low in sugars or carbohydratescarbohydrates  Exceptionally good oral hygieneoral hygiene  Teeth with shallow, self-cleansing pits and fissures  Teeth that are partially erupted which are very difficult to isolate  Teeth with previously restored pits and fissures  Carious teeth  Primary teeth close to exfoliation  Allergy to sealant material  Patients or teeth that are at a low risk of dental caries Pit and Fissure Sealants

7.  According to chemical nature:  Glass ionomer based  Compomer based  Resin based Conventional Fluoride releasing  According to setting mechanism:  Auto cured (chemical cured)  Light cured  Dual cured Pit and Fissure Sealants

8. Glass ionomer v/s Resin-based sealants:  Adhere directly to the tooth  Fluoride releasing glass ionomer sealants are a good choice for teeth that are: Partially erupted Difficult to isolate  Glass ionomer sealants are moisture tolerant Excellent as a transitional sealant

9. Glass ionomer v/s Resin-based sealants  Once the tooth is totally erupted, a resin-based sealant should be placed  Resin-based sealants provide higher bond strengths and longer retention than glass ionomer sealants Pit and Fissure Sealants

10. Are sealants recommended for both children and adults? Susceptibility to decay can exist in any tooth with pits and fissures This includes the primary teeth of children, and the permanent teeth of children and adults The caries risk status of an individual can change over a period of time during both adolescence and adulthood Therefore - sealants really aren’t “just for kids”. Pit and Fissure Sealants

11. Factors affecting long-term Success of Sealant Therapy  Frequent recall and repair if necessary  Preparation of the fissure by removal of plaque and debris prior to placement  Isolation of teeth from saliva during placement  Good operator techniques Pit and Fissure Sealants

12. Sealant Placement Technique Using a Resin-Based Material (Traditional Technique) Pit and Fissure Sealants

13. 1. Select teeth to be sealed and isolate Pit and Fissure Sealants

14. 2. Clean the tooth surfaces with an air polisher or prophy paste using a rubber prophy cup or brush Pit and Fissure Sealants

15. 3. Enamel cleaned of debris Pit and Fissure Sealants

16. 4. Etch the enamel (minimum of 15 seconds). Pit and Fissure Sealants

17. 5. Rinse and dry etched enamel Pit and Fissure Sealants

18. 6. Gently rinse etchant and look for a frosty white appearance Pit and Fissure Sealants

19. 7. Apply sealant material Pit and Fissure Sealants

20. 8. Light cure for time period recommended via product instructions. Colored sealant material turns from pink to tooth colored after light-curing. Pit and Fissure Sealants

21. 9. Check sealant coverage using articulating paper. Arrows indicate the points of contact. Pit and Fissure Sealants

23. Advantages of use of dental sealants:  One of the best preventive measures we can offer patients  Cost effective, simple and fast  When properly placed and maintained: Sealants have proven longevity Will aid in the prevention of caries  Patients appreciate the preventive efforts Pit and Fissure Sealants

24.  Sturdevant's art & science of operative dentistry-2006- Theodore M. Roberson, Harald O. Heymann, Edward J. Swift, Jr.  Principles of operative dentistry (2005)- A.J.E. Qualtrough, J.D. Satterthwaite, L.A. Morrow and P.A. Brunton.  Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry- 2 nd Edition- Summitt & Robbins