1. PRONUNCIATION AND SYLLABARIES

2. PRONUNCIATION Pronunciation: the way in which a word is spoken or uttered Pronunciation can best be learned by a native speaker of the target language. Your efforts to pronounce words in a native-like way allow for better, more effective communication, and show attention to detail and respect for the target culture.

3. PRONUNCIATION Hyper-foreignization: the general process where a sound or word is pronounced intentionally in a stereotypically ethnic way. Coup de grâce No problemo

4. SYLLABARIES Syllabary: where written symbols consistently designate particular phonetic syllables, no matter which word they might occur in. In many writing systems, symbols actually express parts of syllables (Korean). In others, like the English alphabet, each symbol (letter) has its own pronunciation(s).

5. SYLLABARIES

6. INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET The IPA is a syllabary that is designed to represent only those qualities of speech that are part of oral language, so it provides one letter for each distinctive sound for all recorded human utterances. Thus, the English letter A is represented by the IPA letters ɑ æ ɔ ʌ and ə. These are often the “funny little symbols” found at the beginning of each dictionary entry, which tell you how to pronounce the word.

7. INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET ɑ as in “alarm” æ as in “hand” ɔ a in the northern-sounding “caught” ʌ and ə mark an unstressed, “uh” sound, as in “Amanda”

8. INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET ɑ as in “alarm” æ as in “hand” ɔ a in the northern-sounding “caught” ʌ and ə mark an unstressed, “uh” sound, as in “Amanda” For the full IPA: http://www.antimoon.com/how/pronunc-soundsipa.htm

9. INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET Translate: ʊɑ t ͡ʃʊ̈ t ɔ k ɨ nbæ ʊ t ʊɪ l ɨ s?

10. INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET Translate: ɑ mg ɪ vn ɪ tol ʃ izgot cæpt ̊ n!

11. PHONETIC ALPHABET IN SPANISH The Spanish phonetic alphabet uses the same symbols (letters) we use in the English alphabet, with a few additions, such as ch, ll, ñ, and rr. This, however, is not the only distinction, as the pronunciations of Spanish letters are not equivalent to the English pronunciation in several cases. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Spanish

12. PHONETIC ALPHABET IN SPANISH The Spanish A, for example, has exactly one pronunciation, like the A in “father.” The Spanish LL has different pronunciations, largely based on geographical and dialectal differences. It can be pronounced like the sounds in “yet,” “garage,” and “fish.”

14. PHONETIC ALPHABET IN SPANISH The following slides contain the Spanish alphabet. We will memorize it and learn the correct pronunciation(s) for each letter.

15. “ah” father “beh” bet β “seh” cake decision “cheh” church

16. Has two separate sounds, hard and soft. Hard sound: at the beginning of a word and after "n" or "l"

17. Hard Spanish "d" closely resembles the "d" in the word "dog,” EXCEPT that the tongue touches the back of the front teeth (rather than the gum ridge, as in English).

18. In other situations (particularly between vowels) the "d" is softer, closely resembling the "th" sound in the word "this."

19. “eh” egg “efeh” five “heh” giant help “deh” dead this ð

20. The Spanish “g” has two sounds. When it comes before an “i” or “e” as in the words “gente” and “gigante,” it has a soft English “h” sound. Otherwise, it has the same “g” sound you are familiar with in English.

22. The Spanish “h” has no sound. It is a written carryover from Latin times, when these h’s were f’s.

24. “ahcheh” NO SOUND “ee” deed “hohtah” horse “kah” cake

25. gThe pronunciation of “ll” varies from region to region, like the variety of the English “r.” Most commonly, it is pronounced like the “y” in “yes,” but also like the “lli” in “million,” “g” in “garage,” and “sh” in “fish.”

26. “ehleh” lost “ehlyeh” yes million garage fish “ehmeh” mom “ehneh” north

27. “ehnyeh” canyon “oh” for “peh” pipe “koo” cake *must come before u

28. firstHas two separate sounds, depending on whether or not it is the first letter of a word. Neither one of these sounds even remotely resembles the English "r" sound.

29. firstWhen the "r" is the first letter of the word, it is trilled like the "rr.” Otherwise, the "r" sounds much like the "dd" of the word "ladder,” or the “tt” in “better.”

30. “eh ɾ eh” Better trilled R at beginning of word “ehrreh” trilled R “ehseh” south “teh” Touching T

31. Just like “k,” “w” is only found in foreign words. The “w” is pronounced like “b/v” when it occurs between vowels. Otherwise, there are different ways different people pronounce this foreign letter.

32. “oo” Glue SILENT AFTER G AND Q “veh” van β “ ð ohblehoo” ONLY USED IN LOAN WORDS wagon van McGuire “ehkees” House talks

33. “eegree-ehgah” see yes garage fish “sehtah” south

34. Time to practice… Turn to your partner and practice pronouncing the following words in Spanish. Listen carefully to make sure all words are properly pronounced!

35. Time to practice… Amanda Banco Ducho Elefante Hijo Krystal Menem Lluvia Niño Ahmahndah Bahncoh Duchoh Ehlehfahnteh eehoh Kreestahl Mehnehm Yooveeah Neenyoh

36. Time to practice… Panda Que Pera Perro Salsa Tomate Waltz Mexico Xavier Corazon Pahndah Keh Peh ɾ ah PehRRoh Sahlsah Tohmahteh Ooahlts Meheekoh Hahvee-eh ɾ Koh ɾ ahsohn

37. La chistera de mago The Magic Hat (chistera de mago) will randomly select one of you to pronounce the following words in Spanish.

38. 1.Burrito 2.Penélope 3.Ardilla 4.Chocolate 5.Tornado 6.Coyote 7.Bella 8.Juego 9.Quieto 10.Redondo 11.Lápiz

39. Time to practice… Now, each of you will take turns reading one word from the following paragraph.

40. The pledge of allegiance Yo prometo lealtad a la bandera de los estados Unidos de América, y a la Republica que representa, una Nación bajo Dios, entera, con libertad y justicia para todos.

41. Word stress “Stress” is the loudness of a spoken syllable. In Spanish, one syllable of a word is usually louder than the others in a word. Stress can even change the meaning of a word.

42. Word stress PapáPapa

43. Word stress Bebe Bebé

44. Sound Linking spoken singleIn spoken Spanish, when the last letter of one word is the same as the first letter of the next word, they are pronounced as a single sound. Para Amanda - paramanda

45. Sound Linking Also, when a word that ends in a vowel is followed by a word that begins with a vowel, those vowels are "linked" into one syllable, even if they are different. Para Elvira - paraelvira

46. Sound Linking When a word that ends in a consonant is followed by a word that begins with a vowel, the final consonant is "linked" with the initial vowel sound. Flor azul - florazul

47. Diphthongs vowelDiphthongs occur when an unstressed "i", "u", or "y- ending" appears next to another vowel in the same syllable. Their vowel sounds do not change, but they blend together to form a single syllable.

48. Diphthongs Hay Veinte Soy Europa Feria Ciudad Cauteloso

49. Diphthongs: ai/ay Pronounced like the English “eye” except that it is a little shorter. Only when a written accent is over the letter “i” is the diphthong broken and the vowels are pronounced separately.

50. Diphthongs: ai/ay Caigo Aire Baile Hay

51. Diphthongs: ei/ey Pronounced like the English “say” except that it is a little shorter. Only when a written accent is over the letter “i” is the diphthong broken and the vowels are pronounced separately.

52. Diphthongs: ei Seis Veinte Reina Rey

53. Diphthongs: oi/oy Pronounced like “oy” in “boy,” except that it is a little shorter. The same rule applies if there is a written accent over the letter “I” (separate the sounds.)

54. Diphthongs: oi/oy hoy estoy voy oigo

55. Diphthongs: ui/uy Pronounced like the English “we” except that it is a little shorter. Muy Ruido Cuidado Luis

56. Diphthongs: au Pronounced like the English “owl” except that it is a little shorter. Only when a written accent is over the letter “u” is the diphthong broken and the vowels are pronounced separately.

57. Diphthongs: au Auto Pausa Jaula Cautivo

58. Diphthongs: eu Only when a written accent is over the letter “u” is the diphthong broken and the vowels are pronounced separately. Neutral Europa deuda

59. Diphthongs: ia Pronounced like the “eo” in “neon,” but shorter. When the accent falls on the letter “I” the vowels are pronounced separately. Feria Media Estudiar

60. Diphthongs: ie Pronounced like the “ya” in “yay,” but shorter. When the accent falls on the letter “I” the vowels are pronounced separately. pie bien tiene

61. Diphthongs: io Pronounced like the “eo” in “video,” but shorter. When the accent falls on the letter “I” the vowels are pronounced separately. idioma estudio novio

62. Diphthongs: ue Bueno Puerta Escuela Abuela

63. Diphthongs: uo Antiguo Monstruo Fructuoso Continuoso

64. Diphthongs: ua Agua Adecuado Aduana Ecuador Guapo Igual

65. Diphthongs: iu Pronounced like the word “you” but shorter. Ciudad Veintiuno Triunfo Viuda