2. Warm Up: What year was the Declaration of Independence? What did it do? Jarrett Book Pgs: 89-94 Graphic Organizer

3. TEKS/SE 8.4a- Analyze causes of the American revolution, including mercantilism and British economic policies following the French and Indian War 8.4b- explain the role played by significant individuals during the American Revolution, including Samuel Adams and King George III

4. The beginning of the end of the colonies... The British colonists in America had fought alongside their mother country in the French and Indian War. With the British victory and the acquisition on the Ohio River Valley from France, the colonists dreamed of settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

5. French and Indian War War between the French and British. They were fighting for control of North America BRITIAN WON The concequences for the colonists were: - Taxes - Proclamation of 1763

6. But... With a large debt left over from the war, and angry natives on the other side of the mountains, the King could not afford to protect the colonists from western natives. He issued the Proclamation of 1763, disallowing all settlements west of the Appalachians (1)

7. Those rascally colonists... Many colonists, feeling as though they earned the right to the land, moved anyway, ignoring the King’s Proclamation. The rebellious attitude in the colonies was emerging

8. Wait, the king’s broke? Wars cost money, and after seven years of fighting the French, the king owed a lot of cash. He, along with Parliament, felt that the colonists should repay the debt, since the war was on their soil.

9. Salutary neglect For over a century, the colonies had been running their own affairs, and Britain had little involvement in the colonial governments. This was known as salutary neglect Your Highness, we wish to pass this law... Yeah, whatever, I’m busy watching the Hills.

10. The end of salutary neglect Now Parliament was going to put taxes directly on the colonists.

11. What do You Think? Do you think it was fair for the British Government to all of a sudden control EVERYTHING the colonist set up? Why? Has this ever happened to you?

12. Colonial Taxes In 1764, Parliament passed the first tax, The Sugar Act.(2) Which, as you might guess, taxed sugar.

13. Colonial Reaction: This tax mainly affected merchants, so reaction was mild. Some merchants began to smuggle, or sneak in, goods to avoid the tax.

14. What do You Think? Does smuggling still occur today?

15. 3. The Stamp Act In 1765, Parliament passed the Stamp Act. This Act required colonists to buy a stamp for all paper they used.

16. The Colonists are FURIOUS!!! Colonists had been paying taxes to their colonial governments, and were cool with it. But they had no representatives in Parliament, and they felt that the Stamp Act was unjust.

17. Colonists Protest While some protested through words, many, such as the “Sons of Liberty,” protested violently.

18. Parliament backs down After months of protests, Parliament repealed, or cancelled, the Stamp Act.

19. 4. Quartering Act of 1765 - required colonies to quarter (house) British soldiers and provide them with supplies (food, guns, shelter).

20. 5. The Townshend Acts 1767 To pay for British troops stationed in the colonies, The Townshend Acts put a duty, or tax, on imported goods from Britain (glass, paint, paper, tea, etc.)

21. SAM ADAMS steps up! Sam Adams, a leader of the Sons of Liberty, led a boycott of the taxed goods. A boycott is when you refuse to buy an item Parliament repealed all, except the tax on tea. The official beverage of the Sons of Liberty!

22. 6. Boston Massacre Following the Townshend Acts and colonial protests, British officials felt that they were losing their colonies. 1000 troops arrived in Boston in the fall of 1768.

23. Tensions rise The British soldiers were poorly paid, and they took off duty jobs in Boston Harbor, for less pay than colonists.

24. Colonists grow even angrier, yelling insults at the soldiers in the street. Lobsters for sale! Go back to Britain! Bloody redcoat! Bloody, no good, YANKEE!

25. Tensions boil over In front of the Custom House, on March 5, 1770, Crispus Attucks and fellow dock workers, were insulting a soldier QUIT TAKING OUR JOBS! Quit being an idiot!

26. More soldiers show up, led by Captain Prescott, to control the crowd, that is growing rapidly. Many new arrivals are bringing clubs.

27. Prescott yells at his men to hold their fire, and tells the crowd to leave and go home. Someone throws a large stone, hitting a soldier in the head.

28. The soldiers raise their guns as a show of force, hoping the colonists disperse. Prescott repeats his order not to fire.

29. Someone in the crowd yells... FIRE!!

32. Crispus Attucks and four others lay dead

33. The Sons of Liberty Respond The Sons of Liberty are quick to publish their account of the events, which they call “the Boston Massacre.” Paul Revere created the etching to the right.

34. Massacre Defined by Webster’s dictionary as a “wholesale slaughter” Is this accurate to what happened in Boston?

35. Prescott on trial Prescott and his men were arrested and put on trial for murder. John Adams (cousin of Samuel Adams and future 2 nd president of the USA) defended them in court. The law should be deaf to the clamors of the populace.

36. Not guilty? Thanks to the defense of John Adams, the jury found Prescott and his men not guilty. They believed that they acted in self defense.

37. 7. The Tea Act 1773 To rescue the failing British East India Company, Britain gave them a monopoly (complete control) on the tea trade in the colonies. This allowed the BEIC to charge whatever price they wanted.

38. 8. The Boston Tea Party 1773 The Sons of Liberty reacted by dressing up like natives, storming tea ships, and dumping the tea into Boston Harbor.

39. Now the British are mad... Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts in 1774 (9) This act closed the Boston Harbor until the people of Boston paid for the lost tea.

40. And decided it was time to lay down the law....