1. The Solar System

2. Our Solar System The Sun Mercury 0 moons Venus 0 moons Earth 1 moon Mars 2 moons Jupiter 67 moons Saturn 62 moons Uranus 27 moons Neptune 14 moons Ceres Pluto 5 moons Makemake Eris 1 moon Kuniper Belt

3. Milky Way When you look up you see this… So why do scientists think it looks like this?

4. Milky Way

5. Summer Winter

6. Milky Way So how do they know?

7. Elliptical Galaxy

8. Irregular Galaxies

9. Milky Way 1)When they look toward the Galactic Center with your eye, you see a long, thin strip. This suggests a disk seen edge-on, rather than a ellipsoid or another shape. 2)We can also detect the bulge at the center. Since we see spiral galaxies which are disks with central bulges, this is a bit of a tipoff. 3)When we measure velocities of stars and gas in our galaxy, we see an overall rotational motion that differs from random motions. This is another characteristic of a spiral galaxy. 4)The gas fraction, color, and dust content of our galaxy are like other spiral galaxies.

10. Hubble Telescope Earth’s atmosphere distorts light, also absorbs/ reflects some wavelengths of light. So, a telescope outside of the atmosphere wouldn’t have this problem. Launched in 1990 and is in near Earth orbit, 345 miles (570 km) above the surface of Earth. Completes spin around the earth every 97 minutes. Observes in the UV, visible, and IR wavelengths.

11. Electromagnetic Spectrum

12. When It Turned On There Was A Problem There was a tiny flaw in the shape of the mirror. It wasn’t perfectly spherical. It was about 1/50th the thickness of a sheet of paper off. But this was enough to distort the view and make the images fuzzy. Astronauts trained for 11 months to fix this flaw and 5 days of space walks to complete. They added small mirrors to redirect the light. Future repairs to the scientific instruments corrected for the flaw so the tiny mirrors could be removed.

13. Chandra X-ray Telescope NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory is a telescope specially designed to detect X-ray emission from very hot regions of the Universe such as exploded stars, clusters of galaxies, and matter around black holes. Because X-rays are absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, Chandra must orbit above it, up to an altitude of 139,000 km (86,500 mi) in space.

14. Keppler Telescope (Visible) Optical telescope launched in 2009. It orbits the sun, not the Earth slightly farther away than the Earth. One revolution (year) takes 372.5 days. Mission is to look for other planets through the transit method. As of April 2015, there were 4,696 candidates and over 1,000 confirmed planets.

15. James Web Space Telescope (IR) Will be launched in Oct 2018 Observes IR, so it needs to be shielded from IR, so it sits at L2 with Earth blocking much of the Sun’s radiation.

16. James Webb