1. 1 Johnny L. Morris, Ph.D.

2. Introduction: Triple Loop Learning Scholar, Practitioner, Leadership (SPL) Model Single to Double to Triple Loop Learning Year Three Residency Dissertation and SPL: Triple Loop Models Triple Loop Learning Assignment Summary, Acknowledgements, and References 2

3. Doctoral Level Learning & Praxis Requires an ability to apply scholarship in a triple loop fashion Triple loop learning and critical thinking allow doctoral learners to create knowledge, theory and models University of Phoenix encourages doctoral level scholarship by applying triple loop learning using the scholarship, leadership, practitioner lens. The University of Phoenix, School of Advanced Studies' mission incorporates the SPL Model to assist the doctoral student in the transformation to triple loop thinking (Lobell, 2011). This presentation describes the process of doctoral level transformation to triple loop thinking as exhibited during a University of Phoenix doctoral 3 rd year residency program. 3

4. Overview 1 Feedback Loop 4

5. Overview 2 This document depicts understanding and praxis of single, double, and triple loop learning The depiction resulted from the culmination of a five- day, third year residency experience for doctoral students enrolled at University of Phoenix. Triple loop learning is used to describe learning with paradigm adjustment as asserted by Peschl (2007). 5

6. Cunliffe, A. L. (2004). On becoming a critically reflexive practitioner. Journal of Management Education, 28(4), 407–426. 6 Foundational Literature 1 Note: Click Citation to Link to Document… 20 seconds to open.

7. Foundational Literature 2 Peschl, M. F. (2007). Triple loop learning as foundation for profound change, individual cultivation, and radical innovation. 7 Note: Click Citation to Link to Document… 20 seconds to open.

8. Definition: Single Loop Learning Input causing monitored output to provide feedback Feedback provides information to adjust the input for the desired result. Movement from single loop to double loop learning using a thermostat for a heating system could involve reflection about the type, efficiency, concomitant cost of heating fuel, and the adequacy of insulation. 8

9. Single Loop Learning 9

10. Definition: Double Loop Learning Double loop learning adds a feedback loop around single loop learning. Double loop reflection questions all of the assumptions made with single loop learning. Single loop learning focuses on actions whereas double loop learning looks at the root cause of the actions. 10

11. Double Loop Learning 11

12. Definition: Triple Loop Learning 1 The transition from double loop learning to triple loop learning Creates an additional dimension Questions how learning has taken place and why Triple loop learning is learning about the learning that has taken place. It is about reflection to determine if a fundamental shift in attitude is appropriate. A paradigmatic shift accompanies, or often follows, the shift in attitudes, and reexamines earlier assumptions. Triple loop learning determines if there is a need to create a new reality. 12

13. Definition: Triple Loop Learning 2 The review of past assumptions might be synonymous with the addition of self-reflection adding synergy to the learning to create wisdom (Cunliffe, 2005; Peschl, 2008). Some describe triple loop learning as double loop learning with a feedback (feed-forward) loop around it. The new information provides precious data about the need to learn about the learning. It provides clues as to the approach of an impending paradigm shift (Kuhn, 1996). 13

14. Definition: SPL Model University of Phoenix doctoral scholarship is a positive process integrating scholarship, practice, and leadership. Leadership connects the role of scholar, practitioner and leader Information literacy binds the past to the present and allows evolution of past leadership theory to the theoretic derivative model of today. The SPL model exemplifies triple loop learning. 14

15. SPL Model 15

16. A personal model for learning and scholarly development adapted from Tompkins and Paquette-Frenette (2010) learning portfolio model. The model flows from the apex of the triangle that denotes personal situatedness. The apex represents the desire to grow, learn, and practice scholarship. Peer feedback might influence decisions to pursue graduate education. Instructors continually provide feedback for learning and growth. With the commencement of dissertation planning and writing, the mentor and committee members provide feedback for the dissertation effort. Scholarly learners accept feedback and suggestions and redirect them into feed-forward actions to expedite the project at hand. Self-evaluation and reflection occur continuously as reflection leads to learning, growth, and reflexivity. Self-evaluation might affect situatedness, and might create a new paradigm. A heightened level of critical thinking is necessary to undertake future projects and challenges using a triple loop learning paradigm. 16 Triple Loop Dissertation Model 1

17. Triple Loop Dissertation Model 2 17 Acknowledgements

18. Triple Loop Learning 18

19. Implication: Bloom’s Taxonomy Triple Loop Learning Model comparison to Bloom’s Taxonomy Abundant information available at: Bloom's Digital Taxonomy 19 Note: Click Title to Link to Web Page… 20 seconds to open.

20. Implication: Value-Based Leadership Triple Loop with different lenses links to Value-Based Leadership Abundant information from one author’s previous discussions at: Morris, J. L. (2000). Values-based leadership skills, values, and concepts. Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (AAT 9991684) 20

21. Implication: Active Learning Classrooms Connection to active learning classroom Active Learning Classroom Discovery learning entrance: author’s classroom blog:classroom blog 21 Note: Click Title to for Web Page… 20 seconds to open.

22. Implication: Rich Descriptions Need for qualitative variable measures for hard to quantify attributes such as intuition Additional information on intuition available from Dr. Cunningham dissertation (UMI No. 3548926) Additional information on rich descriptions and qualitative research method available from Dr. Guindon (in press) dissertation. 22

23. Conclusion The Scholar, Practitioner, Leadership (SPL )Model Single, Double, and Triple Loop Learning Year Three Residency Single Loop Learning Double Loop Learning Triple Loops: Dissertation and SPL Models Triple Loop Learning Triple Loop Learning Assignment Conclusion, Acknowledgements, and References Implication Discourses 23

24. Argyris, C. (1991, May/Jun). Teaching Smart People to Learn. Harvard Business Review, 69(3), 99-109. Cunliffe, A. L. (2004). On becoming a critically reflexive practitioner. Journal of Management Education, 28(4), 407–426. Cunningham, G. K. (2012). A Phenomenological Study Of The Use Of Intuition Among Senior Military Commanders. (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3548926 ) Frazier, Eugene 2013. Small Business Leadership and Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction and Performance: Correlational Research. (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3569145) Guindon, K. M. (in press). An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Front-line Management in the Post-Acquisition Integration Setting. (Doctoral dissertation). Manuscript submitted for publication. Kofman, F. (2006). Conscious business: How to build value through values. Boulder, CO: Sounds True. Kuhn, T. S. (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions (3rd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lobell, L. (2011). University of Phoenix. Retrieved from Doc731R Course Materials on April 8, 2011. References 1 24

25. Morris, J. L. (2000). Values-based leadership skills, values, and concepts. Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (AAT 9991684) Peschl, M. F. (2007). Triple loop learning as foundation for profound change, individual cultivation, and radical innovation. Retrieved on May 10, 2010 from http://cogprints.org/6161/1/pesc07_Peschl_Triple_Loop_Learning_Individual_Cultivation_Innovation. pdf. Schein, E. H. (1996). Three cultures of management: the key to organizational learning. Sloan Management Review, 38(1), 9-20. Shachmurove, Y. (2010). Economic crises: past, present and future. International Journal of Business, 15(4), 363-375. Tompkins, M., & Paquette-Frenette, D. (2010). Learning portfolio models in health regulatory colleges of Ontario, Canada. Journal of Continuing Education In The Health Professions, 30(1), p. 57-64. University of Phoenix, Inc., (2009). Scholar, Practitioner, Leader Model - University of Phoenix. Von Bertalanffy, L. (1972). The history and status of general systems theory. Academy of Management Journal (pre-1986), 15(000004), 407. References 2 25

26. Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the doctoral students of the DOC-731R Collaborative Case Study Residency. Without their vigorous participation, we could not have arrived at the graphic representing the triple loop process for our DOC-731R Collaborative Case Study Residency. 26

27. Triple Loop Learning 27

28. Questions? 28

29. Thank You! 29