1. What is the MOST likely cause of the shape of the rock formation in the photograph? a.Weathering b.Volcanic action c.Earthquake compaction d.Tectonic plate movement

2. A glacier can travel over the surface of Earth and reshape it. The chart describes three things a glacier can do. Which terms BEST describe these glacial actions in the order as presented? a.deposition, weathering, erosion b.weathering, erosion, deposition c.erosion, chemical weathering, deposition d.chemical weathering, mechanical weathering, erosion

3. Water, wind, ice, gravity, and waves are the primary agents of erosion that wear away at the surface of Earth. Which picture shows an area that would be MOST affected by erosion? A. D. C. B.

4. Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were MOST likely formed by a.Earthquakes b.Melting glaciers c.Wind erosion d.Hurricanes

5. The picture shows a U-shaped valley. The valley MOST likely was formed by a.A glacier b.A volcano c.A landslide d.An earthquake

6. Geologists were investigating some large boulders that they found in Yosemite National Park, California. They concluded that they were transported by a form of erosion. What agent of erosion MOST likely transported these boulders? a.Glacier b.Gravity c.Water d.Wind

7. Lichens grow on rocks and produce an acid that reacts with part of the rock, forming soil. Which BEST describes the action of lichens on the rocks? a.Erosion b.Fertilizer c.Chemical weathering d.Mechanical weathering

8. Which natural formation is the BEST example of the result of BOTH constructive and destructive forces such as weathering, erosion, and deposition of sediment? a.The Mid-Atlantic Ridge b.The Grand Canyon c.The Mojave Desert d.The Himalayan Mountains

9. Tree roots can grow into rock and break it apart. Water can freeze in the cracks of rock, causing it to break apart. How are these two processes alike? a.Both are forces b.Both affect weather c.Both form new kinds of rock d.Both are forms of weathering

10. A student observes the many V-shaped valleys that are part of Grand Canyon National Park. What destructive force has done the MOST work on this landscape? a.Wind erosion b.Water erosion c.Glaciation d.Subduction

11. Which of the following is the BEST evidence that an area of land was once covered by a glacier? a.Limestone caverns b.Marine fossils c.Abrasion of surface rocks d.Peeling slabs of rock

12. George was skateboarding on a sidewalk. Most of the sidewalk was smooth, but one part was broken. George stopped and looked at the area. A picture of that part of the sidewalk is shown here. Describe the MOST likely history of the sidewalk and the tree George saw.

13. The image below shows the area where the Mississippi River empties into the Gulf of Mexico and forms a bird’s foot delta. Images such as these are used to monitor changes to areas on Earth. What forms this feature? a.River sediments b.Underwater plants c.Salt from salt water d.Sand from the Gulf of Mexico

14. Which land feature is MOST likely the result of a glacier? a.large, arid desert b.deep, bowl-shaped lake c.long crack in the ground d.volcanic mountain range

15. The tops of some mountains are sharp and pointed, while the tops of others are smooth and rounded. This difference was MOST likely caused by a.rivers flooding along a coastal plain. b.erosion and weathering. c.earthquakes and waves. d.rocks melted underground by lava.

16. Which process is the BEST example of weathering? A. cloud releases freezing rain. B. tree root breaks apart a rock. C. dry weather results in a small harvest. D. Sediments flow into a bay.