1. American Literature A Continuation of British Literature

2. Outline 1.British/American Difference 1. Puritanism 2. The Salem Witch Trials 2.The Romantic Period (1790 -1865) 1. Nathaniel Hawthorne 2. Edgar Allen Poe 3.The Contemporary Period (1939- Present) 1. The Beat Movement (p. 185) 2. Women’s Voices (p.186-187)

3. New England

4. New England colonies have often been regarded as the centerpiece of early American literature.

5. The First Settlements Settlements in North America had been founded many years earlier. Many towns are older than Boston such as: Saint Augustine, Jamestown, Santa Fe, Albany, and New York.

6. British/American Difference English was not the only language in which early texts were written in Spanish and French strongest literary traditions in the colonies Suggested Authors] Texts by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Spanish) Samuel de Champlain (French) Thomas Harriot (English) John Smith (English)

7. What is a Puritan? (p. 173)

8. Puritanism (p.173) Puritans believed: – governors are accountable to God. – to protect – reward virtue and punish wrongdoers. Opposed the supremacy of the monarch in the church Only head of the Church in heaven or earth is Christ.

9. Puritan Beliefs Predestination Original Sin Total depravity Limited atonement Salvation of a selected few.

10. Do you believe in Magic?

12. Nostradamus (16 th Century Prophecies)

14. Do you believe in fortune tellers?

15. What is the difference between Magic and Science?

17. Witchcraft

18. Salem Witch Trials The Salem witch trials: prosecution of people accused of witchcraft between February 1692 and May 1693. Though Salem witch trials, the preliminary hearings in 1692 were conducted in a variety of towns.

20. Mass Hysteria Mass hysteria( 集体歇斯底里 ) The Witch Trials are one the most famous cases of mass hysteria. Shows the dangers of: Isolationism Religious Extremism False Accusations Faults with the law Governmental intrusion on individual liberties.

21. Romanticism (1790-1865) psychic states Also called the “American Renaissance”

22. Nathaniel Hathorne [Later: Hawthorne] (July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) Born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts. His ancestors include John Hathorne, a judge during the Salem Witch Trials. Hence, Hathorne to Hawthorne.

23. Romantic Movement Hawthorne's writing features: – moral allegories – with a Puritan inspiration. Considered part of the Romantic movement or dark romanticism. His themes: – inherent evil – sin of humanity

24. Dark Romanticism: Psychology

25. Psychology Pioneer in psychological description His works often have: – moral messages – deep psychological complexity. How men reacted (in their mind) when they found they had done something wrong. Exposed the evils of society

26. pg. 176 ʒ Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale

28. Quotes from The Scarlet Letter “No man for any considerable period can wear one face to himself and another to the multitude, without finally getting bewildered as to which may be the true.” ~Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, Chapter XX "The Minister in a Maze"

29. The Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale Hester Prynne has an illegitimate child. she is introduced to the ugliness, complexity, and ultimately the strength of the human spirit. Set in Puritan community centuries ago: – the moral dilemmas of personal responsibility –, and consuming emotions of guilt, anger, loyalty and revenge are timeless.

30. Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) known for his tales of mystery and the macabremystery macabre The father of Science-Fiction

31. His Married Life Poe married his 13-year old cousin, Virginia Clemm. Her early death may have inspired some of his writing.

32. The Raven On January 29, 1845, his poem "The Raven" appeared in the Evening Mirror and became a popular sensation. it made Poe Famous But he was paid only $9 for its publication

33. Tell-Tale Heart His most recurring themes deal with questions: death, including its physical signs, effects of decomposition concerns of premature burial the reanimation of the dead mourning. Considered part of the dark romanticism.

34. Death

35. Death (October 7, 1849) Age 40, Poe died in Baltimore; Cause of his death is unknown: Alcohol Brain congestion Cholera Drugs Heart disease Rabies Suicide Tuberculosis

36. Next Week (16) The Contemporary Period (1939-Present) 1. The Beat Movement (p. 185) 2. Women’s Voices (p.186-187)