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Published byShanon Turner Modified over 8 years ago
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Bacteria
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VOCABULARY Spirilla Bacilli Cocci Flagella Fission Aerobes Anaerobe Facultative Anaerobe Antibiotics Saprophytes Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Pathogen Toxin Endospore Vaccine Pasteurization Petri Dish Nutrient Agar Control Group Independent Variable Dependent Variable Autotroph Consumers Eubacteria Archaebacteria
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What Do You Already Know?
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Characteristics Bacteria can live almost anywhere!!! Your skin has 100,000 per cm 2 – Draw a cm2 on the back of your hand. Some can live in extreme heat (Thermophiles) Some can live in very acidic environments (Acidophiles) Some can live in Salty Environments (Halophiles)
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If so many live on our skin why aren’t we sick all the time?
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Structure Three basic shapes – Sphere shaped : Cocci (pl) Coccus (sing) Draw what you think these bacteria look like: – Rod Shaped : Bacilli (pl) Bacillus (sing) Draw what you think these bacteria look like: – Spiral Shaped : Spirilla (pl) Spirillum (Sing) Draw what you think these bacteria look like:
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Structure (cont.) Very small May occur in Chains = Strep or in Groups= Staph Cell walls Prokaryotic – No membrane bound organelles Many have one chromosome and a small circular piece of DNA called a plasmid.
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Reproduction Binary Fission : Asexual Reproduction – Identical DNA – Basically Cell Division Conjugation : Similar to Sexual Reproduction – Tube forms between cells – Exchange DNA – More Variation
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Conjugation
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Obtaining Energy Autotrophs: organisms that make their own food (producers) Consumers: Organisms that must digest food for energy. – Saprophytes : break down dead organisms – Parasites – live off other living things
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Obtaining Energy (cont.) Respiration : Using oxygen to break down food – Aerobe : uses oxygen – Anaerobe: does not use oxygen – Facultative Anaerobe: with or with out oxygen
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Eubacteria Producer Eubacteria – Common Name: blue-green bacteria – Contain chlorophyll – Photosynthetic – May also be yellow, black, or red ***Important Food Source for Aquatic Life*** Effect on Table Rock Lake Read Article on Front Desk
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Consumer Eubacteria – Gram Negative : Cell wall stain Pink or Red – Gram Positive: Cell wall stain blue or purple – Gives information about what types of medicine to use against infections.
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Archaebacteria Extreme conditions – Thermophiles – Acidophiles – Halophiles Methanogens – Organisms that produce methane gas as a waste, live in intestines, use to break down sewage.
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Beneficial Bacteria Make cheese, sauerkraut, vinegar, and yogurt. Recycle nutrients into environment. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Bioremediation used to clean up toxic materials in environment. Vaccines
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Harmful Bacteria Pathogens- produce diseases May produce poison called toxin. – Clostridium botulinum causes botulism Many toxin producing bacteria also form endospores as a survival mechanism during unfavorable conditions.
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Prevention WASH YOUR HANDS!!! Pasteurization Vaccines Proper food handling/prep Treatment Antibiotics
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