1. TEXT HIGHLIGHTED IN RED SHOULD BE WRITTEN DOWN. Poetry Terms

2. Alliteration When two or more words in a poem begin with the same letter or sound. Alliteration is like rhyming, but with alliteration the rhyming comes at the front of the words instead of the end. Example: Dressy Daffodils  "Dressy daffodils" is an example of alliteration because both the words begin with "D.“  “What would the world be, once bereft/Of wet and wildness?”

3. Rhymes: End Rhyme End Rhyme is a rhyme that occurs at the end of verse lines Example:  Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sound's the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark and deep. But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.

4. Rhymes: Internal Rhyme Internal rhyme is where the rhymes are based in the middle of a line. Example: You're the top! You're the Colosseum, You're the top! You're the Louvre Museum, You're a melody from a symphony by Strauss, You're a Bendel bonnet, a Shakespeare sonnet, You're Mickey Mouse. You're the Nile, You're the Tow'r of Pisa, You're the smile on the Mona Lisa. I'm a worthless check, a total wreck, a flop, But if, Baby, I'm the bottom, You're the top[! this is noncence help put in something deasint

5. Assonance The repetition of vowel sounds. Example: Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geeks. The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain. We love to spoon 'neath the moon in June. Thou still unravished bride of quietness,/Thou foster child of silence and slow time”

6. Personification Giving human traits (qualities, feelings, action, or characteristics) to non-living objects (things, colors, qualities, or ideas). Example: The window winked at me. Fear knocked on the door. Faith answered. Earth felt the wound; and Nature from her seat, Sighing, through all her works, gave signs of woe. Dead leaves dance in the wind.

7. Onomatopoeia Words that sound like the objects they name or the sounds those objects make. Example: Zip goes the jacket  "Zip" is an example of onomatopoeia because it sounds like what it is. When you zip up a zipper the sound the zipper makes sounds like a zipper. Other words:  Boom, bang, slash, slurp, gurgle, meow, and woof

8. Repetition When you have a word and use it more than once. Example: Inside the ocean I see fish. Inside the waves I hear a splash. Inside the water I felt a fish. It seems so big, as big as a whale. It has to be, But then I see, It's a tuna fish.

9. Metaphor Metaphors are comparisons that show how two things that are not alike in most ways are similar in one important way. Unlike similes that use the words “as” or “like” to make a comparison, metaphors state that something is something else. Examples: Brian was a wall, bouncing every tennis ball back over the net. We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog. Others: the world's a stage, he was a lion in battle, drowning in debt, and a sea of troubles.

10. Simile Simile is when you compare two nouns (persons, places or things) that are unlike, with "like" or "as” Example: "The water is like the sun.“  "The water is like the sun" is an example of simile because water and the sun have little in common, and yet they're being compared to one another. The "is" is also part of what makes this stanza an example of simile. Piano Playing the piano is like a bird soaring in the sky. When you play the keys it is like flying your fingers across the piano. The notes are like clouds drifting through the sky.

11. Stanza Section of a poem (usually separated by a space) Example: "Hope" is the thing with feathers -- That perches in the soul -- And sings the tune without the words -- And never stops -- at all -- And sweetest -- in the Gale -- is heard -- And sore must be the storm -- That could abash the little Bird That kept so many warm -- I've heard it in the chillest land -- And on the strangest Sea -- Yet, never, in Extremity, It asked a crumb -- of Me. Stanza 1 Stanza 2 Stanza 3

12. Meter The arrangement of a line of poetry by the number of syllables and the rhythm of accented (or stressed) syllables. The stressed syllable is also known as the accented syllable, like in the word “Dou-ble” the first syllable gets the emphasis. A stressed syllable is the part of the word that you give more emphasis to. Iambic Pentameter:  Ten syllables in each line  Five pairs of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables.  The rhythm in each line sounds like: ba-BUM / ba-BUM / ba-BUM / ba-BUM Example: If mu- / -sic be / the food / of love, / play on / Is this / a dag- / -ger I / see be- / fore me?

13. Meter English meters are almost always one of these 5 patterns: Dimeter: the line has two stressed syllables  the WAY a CROW Trimeter: the line has three stressed syllables  When HERE the SPRING we SEE Tetrameter: the line has four stressed syllables  whose WOODS these ARE i THINK i KNOW Pentameter: the line has five stressed syllables  To SWELL the GOURD, and PLUMP the HA-zel SHELLS

14. Tone The poet's or persona's attitude in style or expression toward the subject (Example: loving, ironic, bitter, pitying, fanciful, solemn, etc) Tone can also refer to the overall mood of the poem itself

15. Allusion The casual reference to a figure or event in history or literature that creates a mental image in the mind of the reader. Example: "Like a modern Daniel, the brave little boy strode to the playground in order to face the school bully." The reference to Daniel from the Bible who faced hungry lions brings bravery to mind. "The Paul Bunyon of a man filled the small room."

16. Apostrophe Words that are spoken to a person who is absent or imaginary, or to an object or abstract idea. Example: “O World, I cannot hold thee close enough!/Thy winds, thy wide grey skies!/Thy mists that roll and rise!”

17. Rhyme Scheme A regular pattern of rhyme, one that is consistent throughout the extent of the poem. Poems that rhyme without any regular pattern can be called rhyming poems, but only those poems with an unvarying pattern to their rhymes can be said to have a rhyme scheme. Example: There once was a big brown cat A That liked to eat a lot of mice. B He got all round and fat A Because they tasted so nice. B From childhood’s hour I have not been a As others were; I have not seen a As others saw; I could not bring b My passions from a common spring. b From the same source I have not taken c My sorrow; I could not awaken c My heart to joy at the same tone; d And all I loved, I loved alone. d Then—in my childhood, in the dawn e Of a most stormy life—was drawn e From every depth of good and ill f The mystery which binds me still: f From the torrent, or the fountain, g From the red cliff of the mountain, g From the sun that round me rolled h In its autumn tint of gold, h From the lightning in the sky i As it passed me flying by, i From the thunder and the storm, j And the cloud that took the form j (When the rest of Heaven was blue) k Of a demon in my view. k

18. List of Terms Rhyme Scheme Apostrophe Allusion Tone Meter Stanza Simile Metaphor Repetition Onomatopoeia Personification Assonance Alliteration End Rhyme Internal Rhyme