4. Free Enterprise Another name for capitalism, an economic system based on private ownership of resources

5. MARKETS & PRICES FREEDOM OF ENTERPRISE & CHOICE ACTIVE, BUT LIMITED,GOVERNMENT ROLE OF SELF-INTEREST COMPETITION PRIVATEPROPERTY

6. Freedom of Enterprise (business) & Choice 2. Freedom of Enterprise (business) & Choice Can move within the economy to any job, to buy or sell property, or start a business. consumer is “sovereign”king The consumer is “sovereign” (king) in the economy. His dollars vote as it is he who decides what gets produced. 100,000 business failures The U.S. has over 100,000 business failures each year. Private Property 1. Private Property – the right of individuals to exercise control over things owned. Freedom to negotiate binding legal contracts. legally bindingoral or written Contracts are legally binding in oral or written form. [A verbal agreement is binding only if it involves a small sum of money over a short period of time and does not involve real estate purchases.] Role of Self-Interest 3. Role of Self-Interest – each producer or consumer best for themselves tries to do what is best for themselves. Self interest is the main force driving the economy. Producersmaximum profits Producers aim for maximum profits. Consumerslowest prices & highest quality Consumers seek the lowest prices & highest quality. K-Mart?

7. Competition 4. Competition – economic rivalry of a large number of buyers & sellers. [central mechanism of market economy] Competition prevents one seller from controlling the market.

8. Markets & prices 5. Markets & prices. Markets bring the buyers and sellers into contact. High pricesincrease Prices send signals. High prices send signals to increase production enter the market production and for other producers to enter the market. Low pricesdecrease production Low prices send signals to decrease production exit the market and for producers to exit the market. Limited Government Intervention 6. Limited Government Intervention in the economy. “laissez faire.”“hands off” The role of government was one of “laissez faire.” [“hands off”] government should not interfere with In the words of Adam Smith, the government should not interfere with the operation of the economy except serve as an arbitrator in settling disputes disputes. government’s role The government’s role: (according to Smith) a. provide defense, b. administer justice, and c. maintain certain public institutions. g overnment controls about 1/3 of all economic activity The g overnment controls about 1/3 of all economic activity. Arbitrator [settling disputes]

9. Markets & prices 5. Markets & prices. Markets bring the buyers and sellers into contact. High pricesincrease Prices send signals. High prices send signals to increase production enter the market production and for other producers to enter the market. Low pricesdecrease production Low prices send signals to decrease production exit the market and for producers to exit the market. Limited Government Intervention 6. Limited Government Intervention in the economy. “laissez faire.”“hands off” The role of government was one of “laissez faire.” [“hands off”] government should not interfere with In the words of Adam Smith, the government should not interfere with the operation of the economy except serve as an arbitrator in settling disputes disputes. government’s role The government’s role: (according to Smith) a. provide defense, b. administer justice, and c. maintain certain public institutions. g overnment controls about 1/3 of all economic activity The g overnment controls about 1/3 of all economic activity. Arbitrator [settling disputes] We have “Market Inventors” like AL GORE!!!

10. Private and Public Sectors Private Sector Private Sector – economic activities of private individuals and private businesses (owned by individuals or groups of individuals). Public Sector Public Sector – economic activities under the control of the federal government, the 50 state governments, or the 88,000 local governments. U.S. Mail

11. Freeriders People who benefit without having to pay

12. 2. Correct for externalities Externality- a side effect of a product that affects someone other than the producer or buyer Positive and negative Governments can use tax policies, regulations and subsidies to correct for overproduction or underproduction of public goods.

13. 3. Maintain competition Anti-trust laws Monopolies- are they legal?

14. 4. Establish a legal framework Through laws that define private property Rules for starting businesses

15. 5. Redistributing income Taxation Transfer payments- government money to people without having to do anything Safety net- government programs designed to protect people from economic hardship

16. 6. Reduce inflation and unemployment Government taxation and spending Business tax cuts Public works projects

17. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/09/0 6/michigan-governor-signs-48-month- welfare-limit/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/09/0 6/michigan-governor-signs-48-month- welfare-limit/