1. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 0 3 February 2011Eddy Jans 0 LHCb Eddy Jans on behalf of the Bphys-group 2010 running some highlights from the 2010 run B-physics mission VELO @LHCb OT @LHCb HR Sub-detector work @Nikhef LHCb-Upgrade

2. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 13 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 1 Interaction Point Muon System Calorimeters Tracking System RICH Detectors The LHCb Detector VELO Outer Tracker

3. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 23 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 2 The LHCb Detector

4. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 33 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 3 23 sep 2010 19:49:24 Run 79646 Event 143858637

5. We ran up to 5 times our design rate ! Was possible thanks to our flexible trigger and HLT. Integrated luminosity 38 pb -1 ; 10 10 bb-pairs produced. Equivalent of 2% of a nominal LHCb year (= 1 fb -1 @ 14 TeV). SAC-meetingEddy Jans 43 February 2011 Eddy Jans 4 SAC-meeting 2010 running LHCb has been designed for L=2 x 10 32 cm -2 s -1 for 2800 bunches crossing. This corresponds to an average of 0.4 pp collisions per BX. However, in 2010: ≤400 bunches collided and we still got L ˜ 10 32. 80% of nominal LHCb luminosity  is the average number of visible pp-interactions per bunch crossing -

6. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 5SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 5 All known particle species identified. Mass resolution shown to be excellent. Some highlights of the 2010 run σ=13MeV J/ψ(1S) Proper time resolution is key quantity for studying B-meson oscillations. Here: B +  J/  K + 0.3<t<14 ps  =8.9 MeV

7. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 63 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 6 1) CP Violation: Search for CP-asymmetries that are incompatible with SM fits. Study of couplings of New Physics. B s → J/  s  B s → D s K  2 ) Rare Decays: Search for enhanced BR’s or decay distributions that deviate from SM. Examples: B 0 → K * μμBR= 3 x 10 -7 B s → μμBR= 3 x 10 -9 b s s b “Box” diagram: ΔB=2 b s μ μ “Penguin” diagram: ΔB=1 B-physics Mission Search for new particles or forces via their virtual loop contributions in B decays.

8. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 73 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 7 Search for CP violation in B s → J/  decays one of the main physics goals of LHCb cleanly predicted to be very small in SM observable enhancements from new physics 'expected' no constraints from B factories; barely any from Tevatron Nikhef contribution - maximum likelihood fit - angular analysis J/  K* control channel - measurement of B s mixing in B s  D s  Analysis of 2010 data in progress Expect 1st results for Moriond-EW  =7.3 MeV

9. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 8 CP-violation in B 0 → D  K, B s → D s  K  and B s →μμ B 0 → D  K  and B s → D s  K extract  m d and  m s several contributions to Moriond eventually measure angle  with B s → D s K Rare decay B s →μμ theoretical error under control need f d /f s for determination of B.R. Use B 0 → D + K -, B 0 → D + π - and B s → D s  for f d /f s B s → D s - (φπ)π + 5  NP discovery potential

10. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 9 B 0  K*  Extract Forward-Backward asymmetry, A FB, from a fit to angular distributions in a few bins of the invariant mass. Considerable spread in theoretical predictions. Fitter being benchmarked on B 0  K* J/  data. Only mass plot of B +  K +   to be shown at coming winter conferences. B +  K + 

11. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 10 Once Stable Beams are declared VELO is centered around IP. Then the first silicon strip at 8.2 mm from the beams. 3 February 2011 Eddy Jans 10 SAC-meeting VELO VELO opened to 60 mm during injection, ramping and squeezing 60 Each VELO-module has one sensor with R-strips and one with  -geometry. 21 VELO + 2 PU modules/half

12. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 113 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 11 Hit resolution: 4  m at smallest pitch and largest track angle. Primary vertex resolution: σ x = 14 μm; σ y = 13 μm; σ z = 75 μm 1 dead Beetle = 6 % of a sensor VELO efficiency & resolution Efficiency Impact parameter resolution: measure distance of a track to the primary vertex

13. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 123 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 12 beam x beam interactions removed x z tomography with secondary interactions

14. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 133 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 13 PileUp system Operated successfully as multiplicity trigger – Used in beam-gas trigger lines PileUp Veto function (reject >1 vertices) not used because the experiment runs at  ≥ 2 instead of 0.4 and it has too little discriminating power for >2 vertices. – One dead sensor causes reduced efficiency Investigating possibility to exploit the PU system as beam-gas trigger in beam-beam bunch-crossings – Aid for luminosity measurement – Trigger for vertex outside of interaction region

15. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 14  T(r) from Test beam  T(r) from fit to proton data Drift-time x space relation T(r) Test-beam value ~200  m Single-module alignment to be improved OT Performance

16. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 15

17. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 16 OT Ageing Origin of ageing is identified to be the di-isopropyl-naphthalene (CAS 38640-62-9) inside the glue AY103-1. Added 1.5% O 2 to counting gas in 2010. Much effort spend on developing monitoring tools 2)Vary amplifier threshold per plane and measure the drop in hit efficiency.  During physics run 1)Scan with source in situ  Need access  Slow No gain loss detected An HV-training procedure has been developed in case gain losses show up, because large currents have shown to cure.

18. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 17 x y T1: T2: T3: x-planeu vx Ratio of hit efficiencies from threshold scans: Oct/Aug (all 3x4 layers, one pixel is 8x8 cm 2 of OT-surface) No distinct effect observed (yet).

19. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 183 February 2011 Eddy Jans 18 SAC-meeting Personnel info Staff: New: Patrick Koppenburg. Three to retire in the coming three years. Vidi grant: Wouter Hulsbergen Projektruimte grant: Gerhard Raven & Robert Fleischer (theory dept.) 4 PhD’s in 2010. LHCb-publications in 2010: 2 accepted, 2 submitted, many in the pipeline, a.o. 10 papers to Moriond NIM papers: 2 OT, 1 VELO. 3 papers t ogether with theory (R.F.). Nikhef: * Deputy P.L. of VELO, OT and Trigger * Operations Coordinator * Convenor of B s mixing phase W.G. Beauty 2011 conference hosted in Amsterdam, April 4-8 LHCb-group outing/workshop in June

20. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 193 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 19 VELO replacement Replacement VELO-structures: module base, cooling system, kapton cables, vacuum feedthroughs. Combined funding by LHCb and Nikhef. First half will be sent to CERN tomorrow. Second one in March. Assistance in module mounting process. Assembly of vacuum flanges with vacuum feedthroughs and kapton flat cables. Sub-detector work at Nikhef

21. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 203 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 20 Cooling tests of both VELO halves With Nikhef cooling plant at nominal CO 2 temperature (-30 o C) and nominal heat load (25 W/module). Both work as they should.

22. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 213 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 21 Straight thin welds are under control. Repair procedure works also. Test box had vacuum leaks at corners and at flange. Welding of corners is tried on small cubes. Addition of AlSi5 is now exercised to avoid welding holes where the Al foils do not touch. Flange problem will be investigated with same procedure. RF box

23. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 223 February 2011 Eddy Jans 22 SAC-meeting Present commitments + future plans Consolidation of current detector – Worry about OT ageing (continuous monitoring !) Large effort in online and in-situ monitoring Possibly part of the straw modules has to be replaced by a more rad-hard version – Responsibilities for cooling, motion and vacuum of the VELO. – Responsibility for the PileUp system – Velo2 replacement detector (almost finished) Follow Super-B developments No initiatives foreseen on short timescale Priority is LHCb upgrade

24. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 233 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 23 Objective: measure at 1 to 2x10 33 and collect 5 fb -1 /year. Realization is independent of upgrades of LHC. However, at high luminosities the hadronic channels will saturate the trigger yield. Proposed solution: readout of the detector at 40 MHz and implement a fully software-based trigger strategy. LOI for LHCb-Upgrade to be submitted at next LHCC-session. Presently a few limited OT and VELO upgrade activities at Nikhef. Proposal to WAR to come soon. LHCb Upgrade

25. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 24 R&D for 40 MHz readout solution for OT straws Keep FE box chassis, HV & ASDBLR boards, cooling, LV, HV distributions New OTIS and GOL/Aux boards within present geometry: TDC: explore FPGA solution. Serializer/Transceiver: GBT replaces GOL Make inventory of work related to the possible change of the geometry of the inner modules. Either due to ageing or a high luminosity scenario. OT upgrade

26. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 25 VELO upgrade L-shape modules, 4 sectors with 3 pixel readout chips each VeloPix will be based on Timepix2 (Q4-2011/Q1-2012), design started – Data driven readout, no trigger, >10 Gbits/s for innermost chips Big challenges in heat transport, cooling interfaces – Hybrid with either diamond or TPG core New L-shaped RF-box, pressing not possible – Investigating 5-axis milling from solid block of Al. alloy, 300  m wall thickness – First small scale box is leak-tight < 10 -9 mbar.l/s – Next box with corrugations

27. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 26SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 26 Running of LHCb in 2010 has shown that: - Nikhef group is well-represented in strategic positions - all sub-detectors operate close to specs - the DAQ and trigger systems are flexible - data-stripping and analysis is ready to go Results obtained thus far for f.i. B s → D s  (B s -physics with L0 hadron trigger) B s → J/  (excellent S/B) B + →  K+(extremely rare decay already observed) B s → D * s2 X  (new B s decay discovered) make us look forward to interesting results of heavy flavour physics in 2011. from 2010 to 2011 -

28. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 27 BACKUP SLIDES

29. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 28 28/10 B 0 s →μμ Focus on largest systematic: normalization to B 0 decay needs f d /f s 5σ NP discovery potential: R. Fleischer, N. Serra, N.Tuning, Phys.Rev.D82:034038,2010 Theoretical error under control (factorization) Can use both B 0 → D + K - and B 0 → D + π - R. Fleischer, N. Serra, N.Tuning, Phys.Rev.D83:014017,2011

30. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 29 3 February 2011SAC-meeting B 0 →K*μμ (MC) A FB extractionAcceptance effects Know acceptance from B 0 → K*J/ ψ( μμ) different phase space… in bins of p Tμ,η μ, p TK,η K,… ???  Extract single-particle efficiency iteratively Use MC to build acceptance p T μ (GeV) efficiency iterations:

31. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 303 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 30 Hit resolution Performance close to MC expectations 1 dead Beetle = 6 % of one sensor VELO efficiency & resolution Efficiency

32. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 313 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 31 Split primary vertex track sample in two and determine resolution from difference. e.g. 25 tracks: σ x =14 μm; σ y =13 μm ; σ z =75 μm Impact parameter distribution: measure distance track to vertex Vertex & IP resolution

33. 10/1/20163 February 2011 SAC-meetingEddy Jans 32SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 32 3 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 32 Beam1 and Beam2 gas interactions measured by open VELO + PileUP Z-scale has heavily been compressed z x

34. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 333 February 2011SAC-meeting Eddy Jans 33 RF tests Old thick weld New thin weld Small test cubes for the corners

35. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 34 Ageing: summary It’s the di-isopropyl-naphthalene (CAS 38640-62-9) inside the glue AY103-1  AY105 does not contain any plastifier  Produced one module with AY105 Added 1.5% O 2 to counting gas in 2010 Large currents cure!  HV=1900V : large dark currents / discharges  HV=1800V, with source scanning over damage  Increase argon  Heating also cures  same process? After HV scan area S.Bachmann et al., NIM A617, 202 (2010) Ageing in the LHCb Outer Tracker: Phenomenon, Culprit and Effect of Oxygen N,.Tuning et al., Submitted to NIMA Ageing in the LHCb Outer Tracker: Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Wire Cleaning

36. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 35 Ageing: monitoring  OT readout measures drift time, not pulse height  How to monitor gain loss? 1)Scan with source in situ  Need access  Slow 740 mV ? 2)Vary amplifier threshold and measure drop in hit efficiency  During physics run 2 90 Sr sources (74MBq) Current-meter connectors Scanning Frame

37. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 36 Ageing: monitoring  OT readout measures drift time, not pulse height  How to monitor gain loss?  No gain loss detected Hit eff at high thr=1350mV:  No gain loss detected Aug 2010 Oct 2010 Ratio of 90 Sr repsonse, Jan 2011/Jul 2010  Monitoring tools are in place 1)Scan with source in situ  Need access  Slow 2)Vary amplifier threshold and measure drop in hit efficiency  During physics run

38. SAC-meetingEddy Jans 37 OT: HV training Philosophy: Two-step training: 1)1 st hour: fast drop in current, and find ‘start’ value for HV training 2)15 hours: HV fixed, unless unsafe  Only 3 parameters per HV channel: HV, I start, I end Phase 1) 1 st hour ~1950 V Phase 2) Long term 15 hours 1950 V  Automatic HV recovery procedure in place in the pit, and tested.