1. Balancing and Types of Chemical Reactions Text pp. 224-229 Notes: I.N. pp. 55-56

2. Chemical Reactions – 1. What types of bonds occur when two elements react?

3. Chemical Reactions - Types When two elements react, a reaction occurs. If a metal and a nonmetal react, the product is ionic with a formula determined by the charges on the ions the elements form.

4. Chemical Reactions - Types If two nonmetals react, the product is a molecule with covalent bonds

5. Examples:Examples: K + S 8  K 2 S (ionic) Ca + O 2  CaO (ionic) Al + I 2  AlI 3 (ionic) H 2 + O 2  H 2 O (covalent) I 2 + Cl 2  ICl, ICl 3, or ICl 5 (covalent)

6. Chemical Reactions - Types 2. What are the three types of chemical reactions?

7. Chemical Reactions - Types The three types of reactions are: Synthesis Synthesis Decomposition Decomposition Replacement Replacement

8. Chemical Reactions - Types Synthesis:Synthesis: A + B  AB A + B  AB

9. Chemical Reactions - Types Decomposition:Decomposition: AB  A + B AB  A + B

10. Chemical Reactions - Types Replacement: (single atom)Replacement: (single atom) AB + C  AC + B AB + C  AC + B

11. Chemical Reactions - Types Replacement: (single atom)Replacement: (single atom) AB + C  AC + B AB + C  AC + B or AB + C  CB + A

12. Chemical Reactions - Types Replacement: (two atoms)Replacement: (two atoms) AB + CD  AD + CB AB + CD  AD + CB (this is called a double- replacement)

13. Chemical Reactions - Amounts  Don’t Forget: When balancing chemical reactions, the When balancing chemical reactions, the MASS of the PRODUCTS must equal the MASS of the REACTANTS MASS of the PRODUCTS must equal the MASS of the REACTANTS This means that there must be the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the arrow. This means that there must be the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the arrow.

14. Chemical Reactions - For each of the following equations give the following information: 1.What are the reactants/products? 2.Show the balanced equation. 3.Identify the type of reaction: synthesis, decomposition or replacement?

15. Chemical Reactions - Hydrogen peroxide is left open and turns into water and oxygen gas

16. Chemical Reactions - Hydrogen peroxide is left open and turns into water and oxygen gas H 2 O 2  H 2 O + O 2

17. Chemical Reactions - Hydrogen peroxide is left open and turns into water and oxygen gas 2 H 2 O 2  2 H 2 O + O 2

18. Chemical Reactions - Hydrogen peroxide is left open and turns into water and oxygen gas 2 H 2 O 2  2 H 2 O + O 2 decomposition

19. Chemical Reactions - Chlorine and potassium form potassium chloride

20. Chemical Reactions - Chlorine and potassium form potassium chloride Cl 2 + K  KCl

21. Chemical Reactions Chlorine and potassium form potassium chloride Cl 2 + 2 K  2 KCl

22. Chemical Reactions - Chlorine and potassium form potassium chloride Cl 2 + 2 K  2 KCl synthesis

23. Chemical Reactions - Sodium Bromide turns into sodium and bromine

24. Chemical Reactions - Sodium Bromide turns into sodium and bromine NaBr  Na + Br 2

25. Chemical Reactions - Sodium Bromide turns into sodium and bromine 2 NaBr  2 Na + Br 2

26. Chemical Reactions - Sodium Bromide turns into sodium and bromine 2 NaBr  2 Na + Br 2 decomposition

27. Chemical Reactions - Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas form ammonia

28. Chemical Reactions - Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas form ammonia N 2 + H 2  NH 3

29. Chemical Reactions - Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas form ammonia N 2 + 3 H 2  2 NH 3

30. Chemical Reactions - Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas form ammonia N 2 + 3 H 2  2 NH 3 synthesis

31. Chemical Reactions - Magnesium chloride and calcium react to form calcium chloride and magnesium

32. Chemical Reactions - Magnesium chloride and calcium react to form calcium chloride and magnesium MgCl 2 + Ca  CaCl 2 + Mg

33. Chemical Reactions - Magnesium chloride and calcium react to form calcium chloride and magnesium MgCl 2 + Ca  CaCl 2 + Mg already balanced

34. Chemical Reactions - Magnesium chloride and calcium react to form calcium chloride and magnesium MgCl 2 + Ca  CaCl 2 + Mg replacement

35. Chemical Reactions - Silver nitrate and copper react together to form copper nitrate and silver

36. Chemical Reactions - Silver nitrate and copper react together to form copper nitrate and silver AgNO 3 + Cu  Ag + Cu(NO 3 ) 2

37. Chemical Reactions - Silver nitrate and copper react together to form copper nitrate and silver 2 AgNO 3 + Cu  2 Ag + Cu(NO 3 ) 2

38. Chemical Reactions - Silver nitrate and copper react together to form copper nitrate and silver 2 AgNO 3 + Cu  2 Ag + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 replacement

39. Chemical Reactions Sulfur burns in oxygen to make sulfur dioxide

40. Chemical Reactions - Sulfur burns in oxygen to make sulfur dioxide S + O 2  SO 2

41. Chemical Reactions - Sulfur burns in oxygen to make sulfur dioxide S + O 2  SO 2 Already balanced

42. Chemical Reactions - Sulfur burns in oxygen to make sulfur dioxide S + O 2  SO 2 synthesis

43. Chemical Reactions - Calcium oxide and aluminum make aluminum oxide and calcium

44. Chemical Reactions - Calcium oxide and aluminum make aluminum oxide and calcium CaO + Al  Al 2 O 3 + Ca

45. Chemical Reactions - Calcium oxide and aluminum make aluminum oxide and calcium 3 CaO + 2 Al  Al 2 O 3 + 3 Ca

46. Chemical Reactions - Calcium oxide and aluminum make aluminum oxide and calcium 3 CaO + 2 Al  Al 2 O 3 + 3 Ca replacement

47. Chemical Reactions - Iron metal rusts in oxygen to form iron oxide

48. Chemical Reactions - Iron metal rusts in oxygen to form iron oxide Fe + O 2  Fe 2 O 3

49. Chemical Reactions - Iron metal rusts in oxygen to form iron oxide 4 Fe + 3 O 2  2 Fe 2 O 3

50. Chemical Reactions - Iron metal rusts in oxygen to form iron oxide 4 Fe + 3 O 2  2 Fe 2 O 3 synthesis

51. Chemical Reactions - Sodium iodide reacts with fluorine gas to form sodium fluoride and iodine

52. Chemical Reactions - Sodium iodide reacts with fluorine gas to form sodium fluoride and iodine NaI + F 2  NaF + I 2

53. Chemical Reactions - Sodium iodide reacts with fluorine gas to form sodium fluoride and iodine 2 NaI + F 2  2 NaF + I 2

54. Chemical Reactions - Sodium iodide reacts with fluorine gas to form sodium fluoride and iodine 2 NaI + F 2  2 NaF + I 2 replacement

55. Chemical Reactions - Lithium bromide degrades to form lithium and bromine

56. Chemical Reactions - Lithium bromide degrades to form lithium and bromine LiBr  Li + Br 2

57. Chemical Reactions - Lithium bromide degrades to form lithium and bromine 2 LiBr  2 Li + Br 2

58. Chemical Reactions - Lithium bromide degrades to form lithium and bromine 2 LiBr  2 Li + Br 2 decomposition

59. Chemical Reactions - Lime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide

60. Chemical Reactions - Lime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide CaO + H 2 O  Ca(OH) 2

61. Chemical Reactions - Lime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide CaO + H 2 O  Ca(OH) 2 already balanced

62. Chemical Reactions - Lime (calcium oxide) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide CaO + H 2 O  Ca(OH) 2 synthesis

63. Chemical Reactions Nitrous oxide, which is laughing gas (N 2 O) degrades to form nitrogen gas and oxygen gas

64. Chemical Reactions - Nitrous oxide, which is laughing gas (N 2 O) degrades to form nitrogen gas and oxygen gas N 2 O  N 2 + O 2

65. Chemical Reactions - Nitrous oxide, which is laughing gas (N 2 O) degrades to form nitrogen gas and oxygen gas 2 N 2 O  2 N 2 + O 2

66. Chemical Reactions - Nitrous oxide, which is laughing gas (N 2 O) degrades to form nitrogen gas and oxygen gas 2 N 2 O  2 N 2 + O 2 decomposition

67. Remember: When they broke open molecules, they found they were only stuffed with atoms. But when they broke open atoms, they found them stuffed with explosions !

68. Chemical Reactions - Are we having fun yet?

69. A chemist walks into a pharmacy and asks the pharmacist, "Do you have any acetylsalicylic acid?" "You mean aspirin?" asked the pharmacist. "That's it, I can never remember that word."

70. Little Johnny took a drink, Now he shall drink no more. For what he thought was H 2 O, Was H 2 SO 4. Be careful what you drink… sometimes a harmless-looking clear solution can be deadly! Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is a highly corrosive, poisonous acid.

71. A: H-two-O-CUBED Q: If H-two-O is the formula for water, what is the formula for ice?

72. A: Drinking, bathing, washing and swimming Q: If H 2 O is water what is H 2 O4?

73. A: Because if you can't helium or curium, you barium! Q: Why do chemists call helium, curium and barium the medical elements?

74. A: Seawater Q: What is the name of the molecule CH 2 O?

75. A: Bohrium Q: What is the dullest element?

76. That's what you do if you can't zwim. What is zinc?"

77. CHEMISTRY CHRISTMAS CAROLS 1.The Chemistry Teacher's Coming To Town 2.I'm Dreaming Of A White Precipitate 3.Deck The Labs 4.The Twelve Days Of Chemistry 5.O Come All Ye Gases 6.We Three Students Of Chemistry Are http://www.xs4all.nl/~jcdverha/ scijokes/3_1.html#Christmas_5

78. Web link: http://pages.towson.edu/ ladon/react.html http://pages.towson.edu/ ladon/react.html