1. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Large International Research Facilities The Asia-Europe cooperation Michel Spiro (CNRS) President of the CERN council

2. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Large scale projects help to structure the communities of researchers Collect and deal with large budgets: O(G$) Deal with manpower: O(Mman-years) Over long periods (several decades) –Construction, operations, upgrades Interacting with authorities in each country Fractal approach: National, regional, world Particle physics :Frascati (Italy), LHC (Europe), KEK (Japan), ILC/CLIC (World)? Neutron physics:National sources, ILL (Europe), JPARC(Japan), China CIAE, Asian source? Stability

3. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Large scale infrastructures and unicity Necessary confrontation –Cross-checks of results –Reproducibility of experiments Necessary competition –Avoid delays –Fractal approach: national, regional, world?: complementarity, collaboration, competition Some consequences on the management

4. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Different possible structures See talk by S. Michalowski LHC : under the auspices of CERN (common pot) ESRF European Synchrotron Facility: Civilian Society under French law ITER (global governance, based on in kind) Networks of infrastructures (Gravitational waves: Virgo, Ligo, Tama) Multilateral memorandum of agreement: ALMA telescope, Auger observatory…

5. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 A fantastic opportunity for developing countries Many countries already involved –e.g. 60 countries for LHC experiments Long duration Progress by steps towards building their own infrastructure –Send students (doctoral, then post-doctoral) –Host doctoral schools –Start university curriculum –Form research teams and create laboratories –Join an international collaboration –Participate to the construction of a facility elsewhere –Construct a facility at home

6. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Asia-Europe cooperation (1/6) Schools : to learn, but not only… –Help young researchers find their place in a big international collaborative effort –Contacts between eg doctoral students and professors –Contacts between Asian and European doctoral students –Integrate students from developing countries Example of France-Asia Particle Physics School –Common reflex ion with CERN starting: CERN-ASIA http://fapps.in2p3.fr

7. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Asia-Europe cooperation (2/6) Exchanges of researchers –On leave of absence / sabbatical –Post-doctoral positions –Host country particularly attractive Need to coordinate the communities Nuppec/ANPHA, ECFA/ACFA Need to coordinate the funding agencies?

8. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Asia-Europe cooperation (3/6) A model of cooperation light agreements –Bilateral (two countries): FCPPL, FJPPL –One budget in each country –One common steering committee –Call for common (sub)projects Exchange information Coordinate efforts by coordinated funding decisions On common projects Evolution towards inter-regional agreements ? –Going to multilateral ? How many partners ? –Discussion among European potential partners ?

9. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Asia-Europe cooperation (4/6) More integrated : common laboratories –Common budget –Personnel from two countries / funding agencies In a country hosting an infrastructure: specific help for other region users Generalization to several countries ? –Start with existing international organization e.g. around CERN –Create new ones ?

10. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Large Scale Facilities Asia-Europe cooperation (5/6) From Country/region facility constructed by one country/region open to users of other regions To Network of region facility designed in a multilateral way (Super LHC/SuperB, BEPC III ?/ neutrino factory, Daya Bay?) Does not prevent specific cooperation agreements between: –Asia and Europe (ESRF, SPRING8), (GANIL, RIKKEN), (ESS,China CSNS), (XFEL,KEK) –Some Countries Soleil, Diamond, Taiwan, ShangaiPohang: sync. light –Some laboratories KEK, ILE on laser plasma acceleration –Some researchers Personal contacts

11. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Large Scale Facilities Asia-Europe cooperation (6/6) A world-scale infrastructure requires a word-scale organisation: ITER (lessons to be learned) connected to national facilities –e.g. Global Design Effort and funding agencies coordination (FALC for ILC/CLIC next linear collider) –CTA High energy gamma ray astronomy: which structure? Exchanges with Yangbajing, HXMT? The exact scheme and governance remain to be elaborated all together (OECD auspice?)

12. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Conclusions (1) World scale infrastructures are a necessity –Unique facility, or unique network of facilities Requires a global organisation at regional level Optimum : reinforce Asia-Europe cooperation Multi scale effort –World, Regional, national, … individual –Various organizations …contacts –Avoid micromanagement Need various indicators to monitor various collaborative effort Who drives this development ?

13. Asia-Europe Physics Summit – Tsukuba, March 26th 2010 Conclusions (2) Europe and Asia have a lot to benefit from each other: How Europe is building the European Research Area (integrating and uniting European countries in research) How Asia is developing very quickly Large scale facility coordination can help