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16722 We:20090304image sensors193+1 1 image sensors: real device implementations.

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Presentation on theme: "16722 We:20090304image sensors193+1 1 image sensors: real device implementations."— Presentation transcript:

1 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+1 1 image sensors: real device implementations

2 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+2 my favorite (but now old) CCD …

3 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+3 3

4 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+4 4 Kodak KAF-400 CCD specs must mean for 1/20 second exposure time

5 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+5 5 pixel size, signal, & signal-to-noise charge accumulates at a rate proportion to light intensity per unit area of pixel capacitance is proportional to pixel area so for a given light intensity, exposure time, and cell depth, the signal voltage (accumulated charge / cell capacitance) is independent of cell area but signal-to-noise improves with larger accumulated charge, hence with cell area

6 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+6 6 additional reading in our AFS readings directory: SENSORS02_05-image_sensors.pdf apparently from somebody’s course encompasses biological and electronic systems I found it on the web I don’t remember where & can’t find it again … sensorsCaptureAttention.pdf comprehensive article on CMOS image sensors

7 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+7 7 other (not CCD) kinds of modern image sensors

8 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+8 8 CID: charge injection device CCDs are inherently serial readout: no way to address an individual pixel could realize better dynamic range, electronic zooming, etc., if could address individual pixels CID has been promising “around the corner” possibility for ~20 years

9 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+9 9 CMOS image sensors uses same technology as standard memory chips economical: uses highly-tuned high-volume production allows high degree of integration between imaging and image processing

10 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+10 10 Foveon: color-film in silicon (with lots of material processing compromises to achieve correct filtering and decent transmission)

11 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+11 11 special purpose hybrid devices e.g., “night vision”, “image intensifiers” etc

12 mws@cmu.edu 16722 We:20090304image sensors193+12 12 X-ray image intensifier similar hybrid methods used in “night vision scopes” (Russian  cheap)

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