1. Subculture: Group that belongs to a larger society that has its own unique values, norms, and behaviors The Amish By, Kasia Korwek

2.  First group to settle in America was in 1730 near Lancaster County, Pennsylvania  Amish are a group built and reasoned around Christianity  They came with the language of Pennsylvania German (Pennsylvania Dutch)  Amish religion began in Switzerland by a group of Swiss lead by Jakob Ammann (antibaptism radicals)  Always been centered around agriculture History

3.  Practice adult baptism; they believe only adults can make decisions about their faith and salvation  Believe modern world keeps them separated from God  Keeps away from “modern” people so they can avoid temptation and sin  Bishop, two deacons, and ministers of one church are all males  There is no “true” church- services are held in peoples homes and the homes have moveable walls designed to let more people in for service Religion

4.  Pennsylvania German or Pennsylvania Dutch  Dutch doesn’t have anything to do with the Dutch people- they don’t have a direct source why it is called “dutch”  Has been the language since 17th and early 18th century immigrants of the US  Amish used to only make up a small percent of the Pennsylvania German population  Nowadays, most Amish are use both Pennsylvania Dutch and English  Pennsylvania Dutch is still used for traditional purposes- at the dinner table & church services  English is used for most reading & writing, in school, and in the business world Language

5.  Ordnung – list of written or oral rules that all Amish must follow (dictates life)  Dress simple and with humility – adds to their strong faith  Believe technology will separate the people within their community- electricity, cars, tractors, internet (do have one community used telephone)  Can get away with some modern technologies if not listed in the Ordnung (diapers, bbq grills)  Divorce is prohibited  Shunning- expulsion from community for not following religious guild lines  Shunning is used as last resort after repeated warnings Values/beleifs

6.  Horse and buggy  Bible  Houses – simple and old fashioned, based on farm  Farm equipment (plows, etc.)  Kitchen ware  Axes  Bonnets Physical objects

7.  Ordnung- list of written or oral rules that all Amish must follow  Men work on farms and are head of household  Women do home chores: cleaning, cooking, etc  Married men have beards  Women wear bonnets and long sleeve dresses  No usage of modern technology  Going to church  Going to school until 8th grade (or even dropping before then) Norms

8. Mores ● Every rule in the Ordnung are mores ● Basic principles of this are: ● Must use non modern ways to farm (self propelled farm machinary) ● Men and women wear the appropriate amish clothing ● Can't use electricity ● Must speak German ● Chores must be done everyday (kids and adults)

9.  Before adult baptism Amish teenagers are allowed to see and participate on how the modern world is  Known as Rumspringa (“running around”- Pennsylvania Dutch)  They can wear “English” clothes, smoke, use technology (cell phones and drive)  They still have to keep to their beliefs but when doing not allowed things, its just overlooked  Rumspringa ends when the teenager wants to be baptized or wants to leave the Amish forever (most chose to remain Amish) Young Amish