1. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 ISECNR activity: October 2015- March 2016 B1. Analysis and characterization of remediated sediments (responsible) 01/01/2016-30/06/2016.ISECNR involvement: Physical, chemical and biological characterization of sediments (as reported in the proposal) B2. Sediment treatment 01/01/2016-30/09/2016.ISECNR involvement: Sediment landfarming C1. Monitoring and validation of treated sediments (during landfarming) 01/10/2015-30/06/2016.ISECNR involvement: Physical, chemical and biological characterization of sediments (as reported in the proposal).

2. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 43°33'31.78"N, 10°18'29.32"E The Experimental Site Port of Leghorn The Basin with phytoremediated sediments

3. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Previous Project:AGRIPORT No. ECO/08/239065/S12.532262 Length 15 m Width 6 m Depth 1.3 m Treated sediments 80 m 3 In May 2012 (two years of treatment): -Organic C: 1.5-2.0% (0-20cm); 1.0% (20-60cm) -Total P: 450-550mg kg-1(0-20cm); 350-500 mg kg-1 (20-60cm) -Total N: 0.10-0.13% (0-20cm); 0.05-0.10% (20-60cm) -C>12 about 250 mg kg -1 -Zn the only metals higher than the limit for urban use tab. A (Dlg.s 152/2006) In the control (no plants, lower nutrient content)

4. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 B1 Analysis and characterization of remediated sediments Site preparation: 9 December 2015 Plant removal B2 Sediment treatment

5. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Sediment physical, chemical and biological characteristics T0 pH8.15Zn tot*269 mg Kg -1 Zn av # 39.8 mg Kg -1 Electrical conductivity0.45 dSm -1 Cd tot<LQCd av<LQ Cation exchange capacity14.5 cmol 100g -1 Pb tot35 mg Kg -1 Pb av11.8 mg Kg -1 Bulk density1.29 g cm 3 Cu tot37.5 mg Kg -1 Cu av20.8 mg Kg -1 Total C2.30 %Ni tot37.5 mg Kg -1 Ni av<LQ Total N0.08 %Cr tot59.1mg Kg -1 Cr av<LQ Total P577 mg Kg -1 Hg tot  g Kg -1 Ag av<LQ Nitrate15 mg Kg -1 Ag tot<LQV av<LQ Ammonium0.77 mg Kg -1 V tot33.3 mg Kg -1 Al av4.90 mg Kg -1 Water soluble carbon342 mg Kg -1 Al tot24253 mg Kg -1 Fe av62.0 mg Kg -1 Dehydrogenase0.42 mg INTF Kg -1 h -1 Fe tot25166mg Kg -1 Mn av28.5 mg Kg -1  glucosidase 25.8 mmol Kg -1 h -1 Mn totmg Kg -1 Phosphatase55.2 mmol Kg -1 h -1 C<12<LQ Protease193 mmol Kg -1 h -1 C>12138 mgkg -1 Sulfatase17.7 mmol Kg -1 h -1 PCB0.0 4 mgkg -1 Sandy-loam *tot:total ; # av: available, LQ: limit of quantification

6. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Plant sampling: roots, stems and leaves 9 December 2015

7. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Plant analysis 9 December 2015 Zn the only metal adsorbed by plants, the metal with highest concentration Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Hg < limit of quantification

8. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Landfarming is a bioremediation technology in which contaminated sediment is spread on the upper soil zone or in biotreatment cells, mixed with nutrients and the material is periodically irrigated and aerated. Organic contaminants are degraded by microorganisms and used as carbon source for growth and energy. Contaminated sediment LANDFARMING Landfarming B2 Sediment treatment

9. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Periodical (once per week) aeration by mechanically moving the sediments and turning them over : 3 months planned B2 Sediment treatment: Landfarming to: - homogenize the substrate -increase the biological activities and as, a consequence, -further reduce the organic contamination

10. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 B2 Sediment treatment: Landfarming Covering during raining days

11. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 C1. Monitoring and validation of treated sediments A B C  3 sampling points in about 40m 2 : A, B, C of about 1 m 2 each  10 sub samples for each sampling point  The results are the average between samples A, B and C Campaign of sampling: T0, starting characterization (9 December 2015) partially analyzed T1, first sampling (13 January 2016) partially analyzed T2, second sampling (10 February 2016) partially analyzed T3, third sampling (10 March 2016) just sampled

12. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 B1-C1 Action Sediment characterization and monitoring of treated sediments Analysis: -Chemical analysis: pH, Electrical Conductivity, Nutrients Total content and Availability, Microelements, Cation Exchange Capacity, Humic substances and degree of humification - Biochemical analysis: hydrolytic and oxidoreductase enzyme activities and microbial biomass - Toxicological analysis: Total heavy metals and available heavy metals (Fractionation), PAH, other organic pollutants, ecotoxicological test battery - Plant analysis: Growth and yield parameters, heavy metal concentration in roots, stems, leaves and fruits. -Sediment Physiscal analysis : Texture, Bulk density, Stability of aggregates, Water Retention Curve.

13. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Parameters Physical Physical (starting and end of experimentation) Texture, Bulk density, analyzed T0 Stability of aggregates, Water retention curve under analysis Chemical ( Chemical (at each sampling time ) pH, Electrical Conductivity, Nutrients Total content and Availability, Microelements, Cation Exchange Capacity analyzed T0,T1, T2 Water soluble carbon, Humic substances and degree of humification under analysis Biochemical Biochemical: Enzyme activities: b-glucosidase, phosphatase, sulfatase, protease, dehydrogenase analyzed T0,T1, T2 Microbial biomass: Microbial respiration under analysis Contaminants: Contaminants: Total heavy metals and available heavy metals (Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni) analyzed T0,T1, T2 C 12, PCB starting and end of experimentation analyzed T0 PAH starting and end of experimentation under analysis Plant analysis: Plant analysis: heavy metal concentration (Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni) in roots, stems and leaves analyzed T0 Very sensitive ( dynamic conditions) change slowly ( static conditions )

14. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016 Capability of sediment to exchange cations and retain nutrients No variations: during the time No variations during the time Little decrease due to loss of salt with rain Chemical analysis B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring

15. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 T2 under analysis Decrease in C, N e P Organic matter mineralization To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016 Chemical analysis B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring

16. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Little but significant increase due to aerobic condition and organic matter mineralization Low content in ammonium. The significant decrease is due to the aerobic condition, as confirmed by increase in nitrate To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016 Chemical analysis B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring Significant increase due to organic matter mineralization

17. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Even if not always significant, an increase in all the enzyme activities detected during the time was observed, suggesting an increase in microbial activity responsible of organic matter mineralization, including organic pollutants Indicator of total microbial activityHydrolytic enzyme linked with C cycle Hydrolytic enzyme linked with N cycle Hydrolytic enzyme linked with S cycle Hydrolytic enzyme linked with P cycle Biochemical analysis B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016

18. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Contaminants: Total Heavy Metals Ag and Cd under limit of quantification As expected, no significant variations during the time. All the metals, with the exception of Zn, are lower than the limit for urban use tab A. (Dlg.s 152/206) Tab A:120 mg/kg Tab A:150 mg/kg Tab B:1500 mg/kg Tab A:100 mg/kgTab A:120 mg/kg Tab A:150 mg/kg Tab A:1 mg/kg To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016 B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring

19. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Total microelements As expected no significant variation during the time B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016

20. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Cr, Ni, Cd Under limit of quantification Generally, no significant variations during the time. However, the trend seems to decrease: binding with organic matter, less available for plants ….to be confirmed in T3 Available metals and microelements B1 and C1 Characterization and Monitoring To: 9 December 015 T1: 13 January 2016 T2: 10 February 2016

21. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 Conclusions  Increase in microbial activity (increase in the enzyme activities)  Organic matter mineralization (decrease in C, N, P total forms and increase in soluble forms)  Pollutants lower than the limit for urban use tab A. (Dlg.s 152/206), with the only exception of Zn and C>12  Similar trend in points A, B, C, meaning that the substrate is homogenous Suggesting a probably decrease in organic contamination, to be confirmed at T3 The landfarming process is successful To do: analysis for T3 samples which should “hopefully” confirm the observed trend …and ready to be used as substrate in Horticulture Thanks for your attention and GOOD WORK

22. Project LIFE14 ENV/IT/113 - Demonstration of the suitability of dredged remediated sediments for safe and sustainable horticulture production 6 month technical and monitoring meeting, Florence 15 March 2016 C2 Action: Monitoring and validation of the use of remediated sediments for plant nursing ISECNR and DISPAA Physical properteies Bulk density (dry), air volume, water volume, shrinking coefficient and total porosity Permeability,Substrate quantity Chemical properties pH, Electric conductivity, Organic matter and ash contents, Water soluble nutrient concentration, Cation exchange capacity, Total concentration of Cd, Cr(VI), Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg Additional analyses due for the presence of sediments Total concentration of As, F, Mo, Se, Tl, Total hydrocarbons Biological properties Effects on plant growth using Chinese cabbage, Phytotoxicity test, Total biological activity Additional analyses due for the presence of sediments Biototx Test Human pathogens Escherichia coli enumeration Salmonella spp. enumeration ISECNR involved in: