1. MULTIMODAL COMPOSITION: WHAT COUNTS AS WRITING? Dee Pickens Aimee Audretch Katie Hoppe Michael Wagner

2. QUESTI ON WE RESEAR CHED What kinds of multimodal writing are students using?

3. WHAT IS MODALITY? ➤ :refers to the senses or facilities that a reader uses to experience a text. - typical modalities are alphabetic-print, visual/image(photograph s, videos), aural, color, and touch. ➤ :refers to our mode of access to texts or which particular technology “mediates” the text, with examples being newsprint, codex/book, and electronic.

4. Examples of Multimodal Texts

5. WHAT FORMS OF MODALITY THIS P ➤ This paper is seeking the forms of modality: - art - powerpoint - social media - blogs

6. THE FIRST FORM OF MULTIMO DALITY Art

7. ART AND WRITING ➤ “Is writing a form of art?” or “Is art a form of writing?” ➤ Fifty students were asked “Is art a form of writing?”

8. ➤ SYMBOLS ARE A FORM OF WRITING AND MENTIONED IN HIEROGLYPHS. HIEROGLYPHS ARE SYMBOLS THAT REPRESENT OBJECTS OR THOUGHTS. “ARCHAEOLOGISTS DISCOVERIES MAYBE THE OLDEST FORM OF WRITING.” THIS WAS THEIR FORM OF COMMUNICATION. TO THE EGYPTIANS SYMBOLS WERE THEIR FORM OF WRITING. Symbols

9. USE A PICTURE ➤ “A picture is worth a thousand words.” ➤ Children may choose to draw a picture over trying to write words - “Art Therapy”

10. ➤ POWERPOINT ENHANCES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A CLASSROOM ITS A COMMON PRACTICE AMONG MANY PROFESSORS THE MOST COMMON USED MULTIMODAL PRACTICE WITHIN EDUCATION WITH ABOUT 90% OF STUDENTS SAYING THAT ALL THEIR PROFESSORS UTILIZE POWERPOINT. Powerpoint

11. DOWNFALLS TO POWERPOINT ➤ too many transitions, animations, or colors can be distracting making this form of multimodal writing ineffective. ➤ the amount of information per slide must also be taken into account.

12. THE USE OF POWERPOINT ➤ use of photos, graphs, charts or maps within a powerpoint allows a student a visual representation of the information being conveyed to them ➤ the more entertaining the more students will be amused and their retention of information increases. ➤ powerpoint creates a platform to enhance classroom lecture for a quick and effective way to present information ➤ allows a visualization and for organization.

13. SOCIAL MEDIA When a group of 50 students are asked whether or not they consider social media a form of writing: ➤ 38% of them say that they do not ➤ 42% of them say that they never use social media for academic purposes ➤ 28% only use social media one or two times a semester for academic purposes. ➤ 5 of those students remain neutral

14. ➤ Research showed that the student approach is based on efficiency and utility. Google was the go-to resource for almost all of the students in the sample. Students are not really using web sites that have blogs on them unless they are required to use them. BLOGGIN G

15. WEB 2.0 ➤ Second stage of development of the World Wide Web. ➤ Can easily compose multimodal texts for sharing with both local and worldwide audiences. ➤ Technology allows someone to post something where a wide audience or the whole world can see it.

16. . We live in an ever changing and adapting world when it comes to education and it is clear to see that students are holding the reins to help guide where and how writing is based.

17. Bibliography "Art Therapy - History and Philosophy." Center for Health and Healing. Center for Health and Healing, 2002. Web. 1 Nov. 2015. Doering, Aaron, Richard Beach, and David O'Brien. "Infusing multimodal tools and digital literacies into an English education program." English Education, 2007. 41-60. "Egypt Ancient, Hieroglyphics." History-World. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2015. Ferdig, Richard E., ed. “Exploring multimodal composition and digital writing”. IGI Global, 2013. Grabill, Jeff, and Stacey Pigg. "The writing lives of college students." “Revisualizing Composition Study Group,” 2010. Lenhart, Amanda; Arafeh, Sousan; Smith Aaron. “Writing Technology and Teens”. ERIC, 2008. "The Origin of ‘A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words’" GumGums Blog. N.p., 13 Feb. 2013. Web. 1 Nov. 2015. Sammons, Martha. “Using PowerPoint Presentations in Writing Classes.” The Technology Source Archives at the University of North Carolina, 1997. Web. 3 Nov. 2015. Weimer, Maryellen. “Faculty Focus”. Aug. 2012. Web. 3 Nov. 2015. 17