1. Present Perfect Simple 1

2. 2

3. Time or No Time 3 Past SimplePresent Perfect Simple

4. What did you do? (time) I drove to work at 6.30am I helped my daughter with her homework at 7pm I made dinner at 8pm I walked my dog at 9pm 4

5. What have you done? (no time) I have driven to work I have helped my daughter with her homework I have made dinner I have walked my dog 5

6. Write a letter to a pen friend/Brieffreund (time) Dear John This is the new information about my life: - I found a new job in January - I bought a new house in February - I got married in March 6

7. Write a letter to a pen friend/ Brieffreund (no time) Dear John This is the new information about my life: - I have found a new job - I have bought a new house - I have got married 7

8. Your manager returns from holiday (time) Tell me about all the work: - On Monday I sent the brochures to the colleagues - On Tuesday I ordered the new coffee machine - On Wednesday I planned all your new meetings 8

9. Your manager returns from holiday (no time) Tell me about all the work: I have sent all the brochures to the colleagues I have ordered the new coffee machine I have planned all your new meetings 9

10. Formula: Present Perfect I have + 3 rd form/participle He/she/it has + 3 rd form/participle We/you/they have + 3 rd form/participle 10

11. 11

12. A Present Perfect Simple Song 1 I haveclimbedhighestmountains I haverunthroughthe fields Onlytobewithyou Onlytobewithyou Ihave run Ihavecrawled/krabbeln Ihavescaled/erkletternthesecity walls Thesecitywalls Onlytobewithyou ButIstill haven’tfoundwhatI'mlookingfor 12

13. A Present Perfect Simple Song 2 13 I've livedalifethat'sfull I'vetravelled eachandeveryhighway Andmore,muchmorethanthis Ididitmyway Regrets (Bedauern)I'vehad afew

14. Speed Dating – Past Simple I travelled to North and South America in 2000-2010 I visited all the big American cities in 2001 I drove across Mexico in 2002 I didn’t travel to Argentina in 2003, but I worked in Peru and Bolivia in 2004 I swam in the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean in 2005 I ate in the best restaurants in Paris in 2006 I sang Italian songs in Rome in 2007 I met a lot of interesting people in 2008 I took a lot of wonderful photographs in 2009 14

15. Speed Dating - Present Perfect Simple My life experience I have travelled to North and South America I have visited all the big American cities I have driven across Mexico I haven’t travelled to Argentina, but I have worked in Peru and Bolivia I have swum in the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean I have eaten in the best restaurants in Paris I have sung Italian songs in Rome I have met a lot of interesting people I have taken a lot of wonderful photographs 15

16. Have you ever.......? – been on a cruise ship? – broken down (eine Panne haben) on the motorway? – given a lift (Mitfahrgelegenheit) to anyone? – left a restaurant without paying the bill? – lost your PC security card ? – got stuck (festsitzen) in a lift? – met a famous (berühmt) sports person? – won a raffle (Tombola)? – been fined (Bußgeld) by the police? – fallen off a motorbike? – sent a love note to a colleague via company email? – found a love note on your car in the car park? 16

17. Have you ever …. ? (Yes, No) Have you ever broken a bone (Knochen) in your body? Have you ever broken a valuable (wertvoll) object? Have you ever broken a law (Gesetz)? Have you ever had a car accident (Autounfall)? Have you ever lost your temper (die Beherrschung verlieren) at work? Have you ever failed (durchfallen) a test? Have you ever fallen asleep (einschlafen) at work? Have you ever fallen down (hinunterfallen) the stairs? Have you ever fallen in love at first sight (Liebe auf den ersten Blick)? Have you ever broken someone’s heart (jdm das Herz brechen)? Have you ever written a love poem (Gedicht)? Have you ever lost your car keys? Have you ever met anyone famous (berühmt)? Have you ever had a bad vacation (Urlaub) ? 17

18. For Sale 2006 Toyota Prius. Red. € 1,500 – kilometres – owners – car problems / customer service – an accident – smoke / change the oil / service checks – break-down 18

19. For Sale 2006 Toyota Prius. Red. € 1,500 How many kilometres have you done/has it done? How many owners has the car had? Have you ever had any car problems? Have you ever contacted customer service/the customer service department? Have you ever had an accident? Have you ever smoked in the car? Have you changed the oil/engine oil? Have you done the service checks? Have you ever had a break down? Has the car ever broken down? How long have you had the car? 19

20. A visitor comes to your company: Have you: here meeting room Dr Thomas canteen award winning buffet menu in the canteen a factory tour production lines the museum company choir 20

21. A visitor comes to your company: Have you: been here before? been to the meeting room before? met Dr…. before? visited our canteen? tried our award winning buffet menu in the canteen? been on a factory tour? seen the production lines before? visited the museum before? seen/ heard the company choir? seen/ smelt our biogas facility? 21

22. Interview – Have you : a large company project manager a team abroad supported an app this kind of work training languages industry sectors 22

23. Interview – Have you ever: worked for a large company before? worked as a project manager before? worked in a team? worked abroad? supported an app for a large company managed/ led a team? done this kind of work before? What kind of training have you done? Have you learnt any languages? Which industry sectors have you worked in before? 23

24. 24 Q7 Q3 Q6 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q3

25. Answers 3. Have you ever been to Australia 4. Have you ever lost your passport? 5. Have you ever flown in a helicopter? 6. Have you ever won a race? 7. Have you ever been to New York? 8. Have you ever driven a bus? 9. Have you ever broken your leg? Q3. She has been to Australia once Q6. She has never won a race Q5. She has flown in a helicopter a few times She has met many interesting people She has done a lot of interesting things She has travelled all over the world She has been married three times She has written ten books 25

26. Walkemühle Have you heard the news about Walkemühle? Have you been there before? Have you eaten there before? Have you tried their desserts menu? 26

27. Your son/daughter wishes to go to a party during the school week Have you: – finished all your household chores? – made your bed? – cleaned the hamster cage? – filled the dishwasher? – emptied the dishwasher – swept the driveway? – cut the grass? – mowed the lawn? – taken out the rubbish? – taken the dog for a walk? – done the laundry? – done the washing – done the ironing? – done the washing up? – tidied your bedroom? – hoovered your room? – washed the kitchen floor/ windows? – cleaned the bathroom? – fed the cat? – done your homework? – repaired your bicycle? 27

28. Your son/daughter wishes to go to a party during the school week Have you: – (finish) all your household chores? – (make) your bed? – (clean) the hamster cage? – (fill) the dishwasher? – (empty) the dishwasher – (sweep) the driveway? – (cut) the grass? – (mow) the lawn? – (taken) out the rubbish? – (taken) the dog for a walk? – (do) the laundry? – (do) the washing – (do) the ironing? – (do) the washing up? – tidied your bedroom? – (hoover) your room? – (wash) the kitchen floor/ windows? – (clean) the bathroom? – (feed) the cat? – (do) your homework? – (repair) your bicycle? 28

29. Tight = little money (knapp) 29

30. 30

31. He has painted the picture 31

32. He has squashed the spider 32

33. 33

34. 34 (you meet) (She be)

35. Answers She has never worked in an office I have never been in an airplane Has he ever been to Germany? Have you met my parents? Have you ever worked in the theatre? She has been to all the capital cities of Europe I have read this book Have you seen the new film about aliens? We have never been abroad They have never seen a British policeman before Have they ever lived in a foreign country? They have met the President I have never been to Brazil 35

36. Action in the past with a result (now)/ Folge 36

37. 37 Yes, I have

38. Action in the past with a result 38 He has squashed his pet spider Result: -Dead spider -Man is crying

39. Action in the past with a result 39 The plane has landed Result: The people can leave the plane

40. Action in the past with a result 40 He has finished the painting Result: He can sell it

41. Action in the past with a result/ Folge 41 Result: Your hair looks fantastic! I have been to the hair dressers

42. He has lost his key Result (now): 42

43. He has failed his test Result (now): 43

44. He has crashed his car Result (now): 44

45. The Policeman has caught the bad man Result (now): 45

46. Result (now): unhappy 46

47. Result (now): takes a taxi to work 47

48. Exercise Result: I’m sorry we can’t give you a refund for the shoes – PPS: You (damage) them Result: Peter’s wallet is on the table – PPS: He (forget) it Result: Sarah is feeling a bit ‘down’ – PPS: Her best friend (move) to France Result: I don’t know if Tom is coming to my party – PPS: He (not, reply) to my invitation Result: My ladder is not in my garage – PPS: The neighbours (borrow) the ladder Result: I can’t find my umbrella anywhere – PPS: I think I (leave) my umbrella at work Result: Dinner is ready – PPS: I (make) some lasagne 48

49. Answers Result: I’m sorry we can’t give you a refund for the shoes – PPS: You have damaged them Result: Peter’s wallet is on the table – PPS: He has forgotten it Result: Sarah is feeling a bit ‘down’ – PPS: Her best friend has moved to France Result: I don’t know if Tom is coming to my party – PPS: He has not replied to my invitation Result: My ladder is not in my garage – PPS: The neighbours have borrowed the ladder Result: I can’t find my umbrella anywhere – PPS: I think I have left my umbrella at work Result: Dinner is ready – PPS: I have made some lasagne 49

50. Exercise Does Lisa know that you are going away? – Yes, she does (result). I (tell) her Can I have a look at your newspaper? – Yes, you can (result). I (finish) with it Do you want this magazine? – No, I don’t (result). I (read) it Do you know where my glasses are? – No, I don’t (result). I (not, see) them Does Bill know about the meeting? – No, he doesn’t (result). I (not, tell) him Do you know what you are going to do at the weekend? – No, I don’t (result). I (not, decide) 50

51. Answers Does Lisa know that you are going away? – Yes, she does (result). I have told her Can I have a look at your newspaper? – Yes, you can (result). I have finished with it Do you want this magazine? – No, I don’t (result). I have read it Do you know where my glasses are? – No, I don’t (result). I have not seen them Does Bill know about the meeting? – No, he doesn’t (result). I have not told him Do you know what you are going to do at the weekend? – No, I don’t (result). I have not decided 51

52. 52

53. Past Simple / Present Perfect 53 I cleaned my house two weeks ago = finished action in the past with time You have no information about: Ten days ago, five days ago or now

54. Past Simple / Present Perfect 54 I have cleaned my house -House is clean now I cleaned my house two weeks ago

55. Past Simple / Present Perfect 55 I have made cookies I made cookies two days ago -I have the cookies now -I can offer the cookies to you

56. Past Simple / Present Perfect 56 I have repaired your bicycle I repaired your bike last weekend -The bike is ready -You can take the bike -Here is the bill for the repair

57. Past Simple / Present Perfect 57 I have lost my car keys I lost my car keys seven days ago -I don’t have my keys now -I cannot open my car door -I cannot drive home

58. Past Simple / Present Perfect 58 I have lost weight I lost weight six months ago Result: I am happy I look fantastic

59. Past Simple / Present Perfect 59 I have bought a Toyota I bought a Toyota in January Result: I have it now

60. Is the sentence right or wrong? I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it Have you seen Kate yesterday? I’ve finished my work at 2pm I’m ready now. I’ve finished my work What time have you finished your work? Steve’s mother has died two years ago Where have you been last night? 60

61. Answers I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it Did you see Kate yesterday? I finished my work at 2pm I’m ready now. I’ve finished my work What time did you finish your work? Steve’s mother died two years ago Where were you last night? 61

62. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect (you/ever /to win) a trophy?‘ – ‘Yes. Last year I (to win) the ENGRAM-cup. Our team (to win) 10 games last year I (never/to read) any of the Harry Potter books Kirsty (to stay) with us last week I (not/to buy) any clothes last year I (to play) baseball yesterday morning What time (you/to leave) the party last night? We (go) to Ireland last summer I (finish) my work at 5 o'clock 62

63. 63 Yes, I have

64. 64 1.Yes, I did 2. Clare Danes 1.Did you like the movie? 2.Who was the best actor?

65. Opening Conversations No time Have you ever broken the law? Yes, I have Details When was it? Where did it happen? How slow/fast were you driving? What was the speed limit? Why were you driving so slow/fast? Were you alone? How much was the fine? Did you pay the fine on time? Did you go to court? What did your lawyer say? 65

66. We use the Present Perfect to talk about the experience of life, and we use the Past Simple to give the detail Have you ever been on TV? – When was it? – What kind of TV show was it? – Were you nervous? – Did you have fun? – Did your husband/wife go with you? – Did you get paid? Have you ever called your boyfriend or girlfriend by the wrong name? – Did he/she shout at you? – Where were you? Have you ever received a present that you really didn’t like? – What was it? – Why did you dislike it? – Who gave it to you? – What did you do with the present? Have you ever fallen down the stairs? Have you ever had a Déjà Vu experience? Have you ever told a white lie/kleine Unwahrheit, Notlüge to someone you love? Have you ever hurt your arm/leg? Have you ever seen a car accident? Have you ever written/ received a love letter? 66

67. Have you ever.......? – been on a cruise ship? – broken down (eine Panne haben) on the motorway? – given a lift (Mitfahrgelegenheit) to anyone? – left a restaurant without paying the bill? – lost your company PC security card ? – got stuck (festsitzen) in a lift? – met a famous (berühmt) sports person? – won a raffle (Tombola)? – been fined (Bußgeld) by the police? – fallen off a motorbike? – sent a love note to a colleague via company email? – found a love note on your car in the car park? 67

68. Have you ever …. ? (Yes, No) Have you ever broken a bone (Knochen) in your body? Have you ever broken a valuable (wertvoll) object? Have you ever broken a law (Gesetz)? Have you ever had a car accident (Autounfall)? Have you ever lost your temper (die Beherrschung verlieren) at work? Have you ever failed (durchfallen) a test? Have you ever fallen asleep (einschlafen) at work? Have you ever fallen down (hinunterfallen) the stairs? Have you ever fallen in love at first sight (Liebe auf den ersten Blick)? Have you ever broken someone’s heart (jdm das Herz brechen)? Have you ever written a love poem (Gedicht)? Have you ever lost your car keys? Have you ever met anyone famous (berühmt)? Have you ever had a bad vacation (Urlaub) ? 68

69. Walkemühle Have you heard the news about Walkemühle? – Yes, I have. I read it in the paper last week. I was surprised. I did not expect the news Have you been there before? – Yes, I have. I took my partner there a few weeks ago. We had a nice time Have you eaten there before? – Yes, I have. I ate outside and had a great time last week. Have you tried their desserts menu? – Yes, I have. I tried many of their wonderful creations when I was there last Sunday 69

70. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect A: Have you ever been /Did you ever go to France? B: Yes, we have /did. We have been /went there four times. The last time has been/ was two years ago A: And Paris? B: Yes, but only once. We have been there/ went there in 2004 A: And have you travelled/ did you travel much outside Europe? B: Well, no, we haven’t/ didn’t, only Australia A: When have you been/ did you go to Australia? B: We have been/ were there in 2000 70

71. Answers A: Have you ever been to France? B: Yes, we have. We have been there four times. The last time was two years ago A: And Paris? B: Yes, but only once. We went there in 2004 A: And have you travelled much outside Europe? B: Well, no, we haven’t, only Australia A: When did you go to Australia? B: We were there in 2000 71

72. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect Sarah: Have you ever been /Did you ever go to the US? Jim: Yes, I’ve been/ I went last year Sarah: Have you liked/ Did you like it? Jim: Yes, I’ve enjoyed/ I enjoyed it a lot Sarah: What have you done/ did you do there? Jim: I’ve visited/ I visited Hollywood Have you been/ Did you go to California, Sarah? Sarah: No, but I’ve booked/ I booked a holiday to go there. I am going next week 72

73. Answers Sarah: Have you ever been to the US? Jim: Yes, I went last year Sarah: Did you like it? Jim: Yes, I enjoyed it a lot Sarah: What did you do there? Jim: I visited Hollywood Have you been to California, Sarah? Sarah: No, but I’ve booked a holiday to go there. I am going next week 73

74. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect A: (you/ever/be) to Florida? B: Yes, we (go) there on holiday two years ago A: (you/have) a good time? B: Yes, it (be) great A: Where’s Alan? (you/see) him? B: Yes, he (go) out a few minutes ago A: And Rachel? B: I don’t know. I (not/see) her A: Have you ever been to Spain? B: Yes. We (go) to Madrid last year A: Is your brother in Thailand now? B: Yes. He (phone) last night. He’s fine A: Where’s Becky? She (be) here 10 minutes ago B: She (go) to town A: Would you like a biscuit? I (make) some B: Yes, please. When (you/make) them? A: This morning 74

75. Answers A: Have you ever been to Florida? B: Yes, we went there on holiday two years ago A: Did you have a good time? B: Yes, it was great A: Where’s Alan? Have you seen him? B: Yes, he went out a few minutes ago A: And Rachel? B: I don’t know. I have not seen her A: Have you ever been to Spain? B: Yes. We went to Madrid last year A: Is your brother in Thailand now? B: Yes. He phoned last night. He’s fine A: Where’s Becky? She was here 10 minutes ago B: She has gone to town A: Would you like a biscuit? I have made some B: Yes, please. When did you make them? A: This morning 75

76. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect Have you seen/ Did you see my keys? I can’t find them Have you seen/ Did you see Mark last night? I’ve read/ I read a great book about Italy last year I’ve read/ I read a lot about climate change and I’m very worried I (see) Jack last night Tom: I (go) to the theatre last Saturday Jane: (you/enjoy) the play? Tom: Yes, it (be) very good I (never/hear) of this group before – Really? They are very popular. I (to buy) many of their albums What (you/do) last weekend? – I (stay) at home. I (need) a rest (you/ever/win) a competition? – Yes, I (win) a photo competition in 2001 76

77. Answers Have you seen my keys? I can’t find them Did you see Mark last night? I read a great book about Italy last year I’ve read a lot about climate change and I’m very worried I saw Jack last night Tom: I went to the theatre last Saturday Jane: Did you enjoy the play? Tom: Yes, it was very good I have never heard of this group before – Really? They are very popular. I have bought many of their albums What did you do last weekend? – I stayed at home. I needed a rest Have you ever won a competition? – Yes, I won a photo competition in 2001 77

78. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect 1.Peter (to play) football yesterday 2.We (never/to visit) Australia 3.(you/to finish) your homework? 4.Tom (to move) to this town in 1994 5.Julia (to graduate) from university last year 6.Joan was 88 when she (to die) 7.Shakespeare (to write) a lot of plays 8.(you/ever/to hear) this kind of music? 9.She (to have) lunch, so she isn’t hungry 10.Where is my mobile phone? It (to disappear) 11.The Titanic (to sink) in 1912 12.Jane (never/to eat) a hamburger in her life. She’s a vegetarian 13.We (not/to have) a holiday last year 14.(you/ever/to meet) a famous person? 15.What time (he/to leave) last night? 16.I (to buy) a new car last month 17.When I first (to come) here, it was quiet 18.Kathy travels a lot. She (to visit) a lot of countries 19.“Is Sonia here?” - “No, she (not/to arrive)” 20.John is your best friend. (you/meet) him when you were at university? 78

79. Answers 1.Peter played football yesterday 2.We have never visited Australia 3.Have you finished your homework? 4.Tom moved to this town in 1994 5.Julia graduated from university last year 6.Joan was 88 when she died 7.Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays 8.Have you ever heard this kind of music? 9.She has had lunch, so she isn’t hungry 10.Where is my mobile phone? It has disappeared 11.The Titanic sank in 1912 12.Jane has never eaten a hamburger in her life. She’s a vegetarian 13.We didn’t have a holiday last year 14.Have you ever met a famous person? 15.What time did he leave last night? 16.I bought a new car last month 17.When I first came here, it was quiet 18.Kathy travels a lot. She has visited a lot of countries 19.“Is Sonia here?” - “No, she hasn’t arrived” 20.John is your best friend. Did you meet him when you were at university? 79

80. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect 1. (you/to be) to the Oak Tree recently/lately? -Yes. I (to be) there last night. It (to be) very busy/crowded again 2. There is a new restaurant in the High Street - Oh, is there? (you/to eat) there? Yes. We (to go) there last Saturday 3. There is a new shoe shop in the city centre - Oh, really? (you/to be) there? No, but my sister (to buy) a pair of boots there a few days ago 4. (you/to talk) to the new neighbours? - No. What are they like? I think they’re nice. I (to meet) them last night and we (to talk) for a few minutes 5. (you/to see) Martin’s new baby? - Yes. I (to go) over to his house yesterday 80

81. Exercise: Questions & Short Answers Emma and Sam / wake up? – Have Emma and Sam woken up? – Yes, they have (question word=have=auxiliary) They / have / breakfast? – Yes, they (aux) Sam / make / any coffee? – No, he (aux) He / walk / the dog? – Yes, he (aux) You / finish / your breakfast? – No, I (negative aux). You / have / a shower? – Yes, I (aux). 81

82. Gone or Been He has gone to India = He is in India now = you CANNOT see him because he is not here 82

83. Gone or Been He has been to India = go to India and return = you CAN see him now 83

84. Gone or Been He has gone to India = He is in India now = you CANNOT see him because he is not here He has been to India = go to India and return = you CAN see him now 84

85. Exercise: Gone or Been? 1.Let’s ask Sam about Hong Kong. He has been there 2.Jason isn’t here. He has gone to the sports centre 3.They... to the cinema. They are not here 4.I... to the exhibition, it’s really good 5.Emma is not in her office. Has she... home? 6.The boys... to the park. They’ll be back at six 7.Nikki... to Spain many times 8.Bill is on holiday at the moment. He … to Spain 9.Where’s Jane? She’s not here. She... to the bank 10.Have you ever... to Mexico? 11.My parents aren’t at home. They... out 12.There’s a new cafe in town. Have you... to it? 13.Rebecca knows Paris well. She... there many times 85

86. Answers Let’s ask Sam about Hong Kong. He has been there Jason isn’t here. He has gone to the sports centre They have gone to the cinema. They are not here I have been to the exhibition, it’s really good Emma is not in her office. Has she gone home? The boys have gone to the park. They’ll be back at six Nikki has been to Spain many times Bill is on holiday at the moment. He has gone to Spain Where’s Jane? She’s not here. She has gone to the bank Have you ever been to Mexico? My parents aren’t at home. They have gone out There’s a new cafe in town. Have you been to it? Rebecca knows Paris well. She has been there many times 86

87. Match the sentences – Gone/Been 1.You’re really brown 2.Where’s Karen? 3.Are your parents on holiday? 4.Why are you so late? 5.Let’s go to Spain this year! 6.Does Steve know France well? 7.Where are Sue & Tom? 1.I... to the bank 2.They were here earlier, but they... now 3.She... to the supermarket 4.Yes, I... on holiday 5.Yes, he... there six times 6.OK, we (not)... there before 1.Yes, they’ve gone to Portugal 87

88. Answers 1.You’re really brown 2.Where’s Karen? 3.Are your parents on holiday? 4.Why are you so late? 5.Let’s go to Spain this year! 6.Does Steve know France well? 1.Where are Sue & Tom? 4. Yes, I have been on holiday 3. She has gone to the supermarket 7. Yes, they’ve gone to Portugal 1. I have been to the bank 6. OK, we (not)... there before 5. Yes, he... there six times 2. They were here earlier, but they... now 88

89. Actions which are unfinished 89

90. 90 Present Simple = Fact for all time = I live in Fkb Past Simple = Finished Action = I lived in Fkb Grammar

91. 91 I live in Fkb for one year (incorrect!) I lived in Fkb for one year (correct) “for one year”

92. 92 FOR and SINCE I have lived in Fkb s i n c e 2012 I have lived in Fkb f r one year

93. 93 FOR I have lived in Fkb f r one year

94. These actions are not finished I have worked here for 25 years I have been a Project Manager for 12 months I have dated my partner for 20 years I have been married for 17 years I have lived here for eight years I have had my cats for two months I have known you for three days I’ve known Jack for six months I’ve been here for hours and hours 94

95. 95 SINCE I have lived in Fkb s i n c e 2012

96. These actions are not finished I have worked here since 1996 I have been a Project Manager since 2012 I have dated my partner since June, 2010 I have been married since March 5th, 2011 I have lived here since the summer of ‘69 I have had my cats since 2004 I have known you since Monday I’ve known Jack since the 1980s I’ve been here since 7am this morning 96

97. Exercise – For or Since a long time centuriesthree weeks eight monthsTuesday half past fivetwelve years last weektwo hours Marchyesterday midnight2004 ten hours 97

98. Answers – For or Since for a long time for centuriesfor three weeks for eight monthssince Tuesday since half past fivefor twelve years since last weekfor two hours since Marchsince yesterday since midnightsince 2004 for ten hours 98

99. For & Since 99

100. Is the sentence right or wrong? 100

101. Answers 101 Correct Incorrect: for a couple of years Incorrect: for five minutes Incorrect: since last year Incorrect: for half an hour now Correct

102. Exercise: Present Perfect & For/Since (unfinished actions) 1.My parents (be) married... twenty five years 2.She (live) here... 2001 3.We (have) our car... a few months 4.I (be) ill since Sunday 5.She (have) a cold … four days 6.I (know) her for five years 7.My brother (love) football … the 1998 World Cup 8.Kate (be) in town … 9am 9.She (work) here … three months 10.Jane (be) in Ireland … Monday 11.Jane (be) in Ireland … three days 12.My Aunt (live) in Oz … 15 years 13.Jennifer is in her office. She (be) there … 7am 14.India (be) an independent country … 1947 15.Nobody lives in those houses. They (be) empty … many years 16.Michael (be) ill for a long time. He (be) in the hospital … October 17.I (not play) tennis … last summer 18.I (know) her … more than ten years 19.I (not eat) anything … lunchtime 20.(you live) in this town … a long time? 21.I saw Melinda last night – Oh really. I (not / to see) her … months 102

103. Answers 1.My parents have been married for twenty five years 2.She has lived here since 2001 3.We have had our car for a few months 4.I have been ill since Sunday 5.She has had a cold for four days 6.I have known her for five years 7.My brother has loved football since the 1998 World Cup 8.Kate has been in town since 9am 9.She has worked here for three months 10.Jane has been in Ireland since Monday 11.Jane has been in Ireland for three days 12.My Aunt has lived in Oz for 15 years 13.Jennifer is in her office. She has been there since 7am 14.India has been an independent country since 1947 15.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty for many years 16.Michael has been ill for a long time. He has been in the hospital since October 17.I have not played tennis since last summer 18.I have known her for more than ten years 19.I have not eaten anything since lunchtime 20.Have you lived in this town for a long time? 21.I saw Melinda last night – Oh really. I haven’t seen her for months 103

104. 104 Present Simple = Fact = I am a Project Manager You Present Perfect Simple = I have been a PM for ten years / since 2003

105. Introducing Yourself Hello, my name is Tom (fact) I work at Microsoft (fact) I am an engineer (fact) I have worked here for … years/since …. (unfinished) I have been an engineer for … years/since …. (unfinished) 105

106. Present Simple and Present Perfect James and I are friends. I know /I’ve known him very well James and I are friends. I know/I’ve known him for a long time I love my job. I (work) here for ten years I play tennis every week. I (play) since 2003 I have a cat. I (have) it since I moved here I have a cool shirt. I (have) it since 2001 My girlfriend is a writer. She (to write) four books and two plays Is that a new coat? No, I (have) it for a long time Tony is in Spain at the moment. He (be) there for the last three days Mark lives /has lived in Canada since April I work at Microsoft and I (work) here for 25 years I adore my partner. I met him/her in 2003 and we (live) together since 2010 I met my wife-to-be in 2003. We are in love and (be) married for five years I bought a house in 2003 and (live) in it for ten years My partner loves cats and we (own) two cats since 2004 I met you in 2003, so I (know) you for ten years 106

107. Answers James and I are friends. I know him very well James and I are friends. I’ve known him for a long time I love my job. I have worked here for ten years I play tennis every week. I have played since 2003 I have a cat. I have had it since I moved here I have a cool shirt. I have had it since 2001 My girlfriend is a writer. She has written four books and two plays Is that a new coat? No, I have had it for a long time Tony is in Spain at the moment. He has been there for the last three days Mark lives /has lived in Canada since April I work at Microsoft and I have worked here for 25 years I adore my partner. I met him/her in 2003 and we have lived together since 2010 I met my wife-to-be in 2003. We are in love and have been married for five years I bought a house in 2003 and have lived in it for ten years My partner loves cats and we have owned two cats since 2004 I met you in 2003, so I have known you for ten years 107

108. Choose the correct answer The London Eye is one of London’s most famous sights. It opens/has opened/opened to the public in December 1999 and since then, millions of people had/have enjoyed a ride on the wheel. The ride lasts about 30 minutes. The London Eye isn’t the first big wheel in the city’s history, there is/has been/was a smaller wheel in London in the 19 th century. But the London Eye is now a symbol of the city and it appears/ has appeared/appeared in many films 108

109. Answers The London Eye is one of London’s most famous sights. It opened to the public in December 1999 and since then, millions of people have enjoyed a ride on the wheel. The ride lasts about 30 minutes. The London Eye isn’t the first big wheel in the city’s history, there was a smaller wheel in London in the 19 th century. But the London Eye is now a symbol of the city and it has appeared in many films 109

110. Present Perfect & Past Simple London (to have) an underground system since the 19th century. The London Underground (to start) in 1863, when workers and engineers (to build) the Metropolitan railway. This railway line (to go) from Paddington Station to Farringdon Street Station, and steam engines (to pull) the carriages. Eleven more lines (to open) since then. The world's first underground electric railway (to open) in 1890. This line (to go) from the City of London to Stockwell. The most modern line is the Jubilee line which (to open) in 1979. Since the London Underground (to begin), many other cities, like New York and Paris, (to build) their own systems. 110

111. Answers London has had an underground system since the 19th century. The London Underground started in 1863, when workers and engineers built the Metropolitan railway. This railway line went from Paddington Station to Farringdon Street Station, and steam engines pulled the carriages. Eleven more lines have opened since then. The world's first underground electric railway opened in 1890. This line went from the City of London to Stockwell. The most modern line is the Jubilee line which opened in 1979. Since the London Underground began, many other cities, like New York and Paris, have built their own systems. 111

112. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect Gemma is a dancer. She performs in videos for pop groups. She (be) a dancer for seven years. She (have) her first dance lesson when she was five. When she was eighteen, she (move) to London and she (join) a dance agency. “I really love my job”, she says. “I (work) with some famous stars and I (learn) a lot. I’m going to move to the US because there are a lot of opportunities there. I (be) there many times and I really like it. Last time I (go) to some great classes and I (meet) some interesting people. “ 112

113. Answers Gemma is a dancer. She performs in videos for pop groups. She has been a dancer for seven years. She had her first dance lesson when she was five. When she was eighteen, she moved to London and she joined a dance agency. “I really love my job”, she says. “I have worked with some famous stars and I have learnt a lot. I’m going to move to the US because there are a lot of opportunities there. I have been there many times and I really like it. Last time I went to some great classes and I met some interesting people. “ 113

114. Present & Past Simple & Present Perfect What is a blog? A blog (be) a personal webpage and sometimes a journal. Blogging (begin) in 1994 when a student, Justin Hall, (start) a personal blog on the internet. He (keep) his blog for eleven years. The word ‘blog’ (appear) for the first time in 1999 and the Oxford Dictionary (include) the word in it’s pages in 2003. Blogging (change) since the early days. Between 2000 and 2004, it (become) a favourite activity for teenagers. Since 2004, more and more adults (start) blogs too. And now people (write) about all sorts of things. 114

115. Answers What is a blog? A blog is a personal webpage and sometimes a journal. Blogging began in 1994 when a student, Justin Hall, started a personal blog on the internet. He kept his blog for eleven years. The word ‘blog’ appeared for the first time in 1999 and the Oxford Dictionary included the word in it’s pages in 2003. Blogging has changed since the early days. Between 2000 and 2004, it became a favourite activity for teenagers. Since 2004, more and more adults have started blogs too. And now people write about all sorts of things. 115

116. Present Perfect & Past Simple Jim has had three accidents recently. The most recent accident (happen) yesterday. A woman (crash) into his car in the car park of the grocery store. The woman (get) out of her car and (yell) at Jim. She (be) very angry. She said, "I'm an excellent driver. I (never have) an accident before. This is your fault." When Jim (get) home, his wife (be) upset. She said, "It (cost) us $800 to repair the car after your last accident. I'm worried that you (become) a bad driver." Jim insisted, "It (not be) my fault. The other driver (drive) through a stop sign and then she (hit) me. I (be) very careful since the last accident. I'm going to bed!" 116

117. Answers Jim has had three accidents recently. The most recent accident happened yesterday. A woman crashed into his car in the car park of the grocery store. The woman got out of her car and yelled at Jim. She was very angry. She said, "I'm an excellent driver. I have never had an accident before. This is your fault." When Jim got home, his wife was upset. She said, "It cost us $800 to repair the car after your last accident. I'm worried that you have become a bad driver." Jim insisted, "It wasn’t my fault. The other driver drove through a stop sign and then she hit me. I have been very careful since the last accident. I'm going to bed!" 117

118. Exercise: Past or Present Perfect Rose works in a factory. She (work) there... six months. Before that she (be) a waitress in a restaurant. She (work) there... two years, but she (not/enjoy) it very much A: Do you know Martin’s sister? B: I (see) her a few times, but I (never/speak) to her. (you/ever/speak) to her? A: Yes. I (meet) her at a party last week. She’s very nice 118

119. Answers Rose works in a factory. She has worked there for six months. Before that she was a waitress in a restaurant. She worked there for two years, but she didn’t enjoy it very much A: Do you know Martin’s sister? B: I have seen her a few times, but I have never spoken to her. Have you ever spoken to her? A: Yes. I met her at a party last week. She’s very nice 119

120. Present Perfect & Past Simple When I (to start) working here at the age of 16, the firm (to employ) some 30 people. Now there are 250 workers in the firm. So the number of people working here (to grow) by more than 200 over the years. Forty years ago we (to produce) some 100 shirts a day. Since then the daily output (to increase) enormously. However, production (to fall) sharply in the early eighties and the number of employees also (to drop). But since 1995 we (to have) a steady rise in sales and employment year after year. Now we produce 5000 shirts per day. Forty years ago the firm only (operate) in the British market, but since 1985 we (to open up) sales offices in most European countries. When I (to begin) to work here, production methods (to be) rather primitive. Now they are up to date. Also working conditions (to improve). In the late sixties people (to work) almost 50 hours a week, including Saturday mornings. Since then the number of working hours (to fall) steadily. Now we are at 38 hours per week. Saturday work (to be) abolished in 1975. Labour relations (to improve) as well. Managers and workers (to come) to the conclusion that co-operation is better than conflict. 120

121. Answers When I started working here at the age of 16, the firm employed some 30 people. Now there are 250 workers in the firm. So the number of people working here has grown by more than 200 over the years. Forty years ago we produced some 100 shirts a day. Since then the daily output has increased enormously. However, production fell sharply in the early eighties and the number of employees also dropped. But since 1995 we have had a steady rise in sales and employment year after year. Now we produce 5000 shirts per day. Forty years ago the firm only operated in the British market, but since 1985 we have opened up sales offices in most European countries. When I (to begin) to work here, production methods were rather primitive. Now they are up to date. Also working conditions have improved. In the late sixties people worked almost 50 hours a week, including Saturday mornings. Since then the number of working hours has fall steadily. Now we are at 38 hours per week. Saturday work was abolished in 1975. Labour relations have improved as well. Managers and workers have come to the conclusion that co-operation is better than conflict. 121

122. Present Simple & Present Perfect One of the people I admire most (be) my grandfather. He was born in a small village and he (live) there all his life. He (never/travel) to another country, but he (know) a lot about the world because he (read) the newspaper every day. He (be) a farmer since he was fourteen and he still (get up) early and (go) to work in the fields. He’s 75 now, but he (not want) to retire. I (visit) my grandfather every summer since I was a child and I always (look forward) to seeing him. He (tell) incredible stories. He’s the most interesting person I (ever/meet) 122

123. Answers One of the people I admire most is my grandfather. He was born in a small village and he has lived there all his life. He has never travelled to another country, but he knows a lot about the world because he reads the newspaper every day. He has been a farmer since he was fourteen and he still gets up early and goes to work in the fields. He’s 75 now, but he doesn’t want to retire. I have visited my grandfather every summer since I was a child and I always look forward to seeing him. He tells incredible stories. He’s the most interesting person I have ever met) 123

124. 124

125. 125 have met decided was has travelled has changed went wastook has visited hitch-hiked was made has never forgotten stole was lost had made has returned went has often been has never thought has made has had has learnt have wanted changed went worked

126. Note We cannot use “for + all” – All morning, afternoon, evening, all day, all night, all week, all my life etc Example: – I’ve lived here all my life – (not – “for all my life”) 126

127. Present Simple And Present Perfect 127

128. Present Perfect – How Long? How long you/live/in this house? How long/you/have/that watch? How long/Chris/know/Sarah? How long/you/like/football? How long/they/own/a shop? How long/she/live/in her flat? How long/the children/be/asleep? How long/Tom/have/his guitar? 128

129. Exercise: How long? you/be/at this college? – How long have you been at this college? you/have/your car? you/live/in the countryside? this company/be/open? you/know/your partner? you/be/at this company? your team leader/work/here? you/have/your pet? you/be/married? 129

130. 130

131. Just I’m ok, Mum. I’ve just had a heart attack” (a moment ago) 131

132. Just (gerade) “ a moment ago” It’s 8pm. Don’t forget to phone Tom – I’ve just phoned him (a short time ago: a minute – but could be longer) Position - between the Auxiliary and Main Verb Positive grammar only 132

133. Exercise: Put ‘Just’ in the text What’s happening in this TV show? – I don’t know. It’s ‘just’ started Could I have a copy of Sports World? – Sorry, I (sell) the last copy How’s Lucy? – She’s very happy. She (finish) her exams Mike is fine, I (receive) a letter from him Have you heard from Alison & Frank recently? – Yes, they (move) to another town I did not see your Toyota Prius in the company car park this morning – That’s right, I (buy) a Ford Mondeo Would you like something to eat? – No, thanks. I (eat) I’m sorry, Mr Greene (to leave) the office, and I’m afraid I don’t know when he’ll be back. 133

134. Already (schon) “sooner/earlier than expected (Erwartung)” Person 1: It’s 8pm. Don’t forget to call Tom! – Person 2: I’ve already called Tom (already =before you asked me) Person 2 called Tom sooner than Person 1 expected AND Person 1 is surprised Position - between the Auxiliary and Main Verb Positive grammar only 134

135. Exercise: Already Would you like me to wash your car at 2pm on Saturday? – Actually, Jack the neighbour has already washed it (earlier/sooner than your expectation/question) When are they leaving? – Did no one tell you? They/leave (earlier/sooner than your expectation/question) Can I borrow your skirt for the dance performance? – Sorry, I/lend it to Joe (earlier/sooner than your expectation/question) 135

136. Exercise: Already It’s 6.30am. Would you like something to eat? – No thanks, I/eat This is Adam, my cousin. – Actually, We/meet Do you need a bus ticket? (says the ticket man on the bus) – No, I/buy one 136

137. Yet / bis jetzt It’s 8pm. Don’t forget to phone Tom! – Sorry, I haven’t phoned him yet (I haven’t phoned him up to now, but I will do it later) Have you finished tidying your room yet? (The mother believes the son has had time to finish the tidying action) Position – End of Present perfect sentence Negative or Question only (no positives) 137

138. Exercise: Questions + Yet you/buy/the tickets yet? (I think you have had enough time to buy them) you/plan/the trip yet? (I think you have had enough time to plan the trip) Joe/pack/his bag yet? (I think Joe has had enough time to pack his bag) you/find/your passport yet? (I think you have had enough time to find your passport) You/finish/your homework yet? (I think you have had enough time to finish) 138

139. Exercise: Negative + Yet Sam & Joe/not/book/the hotel yet (but they will later) Sam/not/tell/his parents yet (but he will later) You/not/learn/any Spanish yet (but you will later) I/not/meet/my perfect partner yet (but I will later) I am hungry. I/not/eat lunch yet (but I will later ) 139

140. Exercise: Already & Yet I/not read/ today’s newspaper (expectation that I will read later) you/decide/which one to buy? Their baby son/start talking (sooner than expected) you/phone/Jane? The game/not finish (expectation that it will finish later) I/have/lunch (you have lunch at 11.30, sooner than expected) He/spend/all his money (it’s a two week holiday and after two days, all his money is spent, sooner than expected) 140

141. Exercise: Just, Yet, Already A: Have you read that book just/yet? B: No. Do you want to read it? A: No, thanks. I’ve already/yet read it A: Has Ben sold his car just/yet? B: No. He hasn’t advertised it already/yet A: Hmmm. My sister’s looking for a new car. She’s just/yet got a new job and she needs a car. 141

142. Exercise 22: Just, Yet, Already A: Have you looked at your report form just/yet? B: Yes. I’ve already/yet sent it back A: Do you like my room? I’ve yet/just painted it B: Yes. It’s great. Are you getting new chairs? A: Yes, but they haven’t come already/yet. 142

143. Just, Yet, Already Don't come in here with those muddy/dirty shoes! I/clean this floor. Have you finished the report for our history class? I don't want to go and see “Avatar" at the cinema again. I/see it twice! I'm sorry. You have/miss Katie. She went out to get some milk at the supermarket two minutes ago. A: "Have you called Jasmin to wish her luck for the exam today?" – B: "No, I/ not/do it” Kathy knows all about hamburgers. She/finish her six months training at McDonalds 143

144. Put the words in the correct order work He’s just left made She’s already cake the found They haven’t house a buy to yet our lunch just We’ve eaten have The children been already swimming pool in the tried I haven’t new the Spanish restaurant yet holiday deal last-minute a He’s got just holiday has for packed her already She 144

145. Exercise: Just, Already, Yet A Conversation A: Are you having a good time here? B: Yes, I haven’t been here long, but I/visit a lot of interesting places A: You/visit/the Art Gallery? B: No, I/not/do/that, but I’m going to see it A: What about the theatre? You/see/a play? B: No, but I/book a ticket for one - “The Friends”. Would you like to see it with me? A: Thanks, but I/see/that play. I saw it last month B: I read in the newspaper that ‘The Adventures’ are going to give a concert soon. Do you like them? A: Yes, I do. They/make a really good, new record. B: I would like to see them in concert A: They/not/sell/all the tickets, but you have to be quick 145

146. Using the Present Perfect Simple with just, yet or already Talk about your life for today brush teeth have breakfast / lunch use my mobile phone buy something for your wife/husband have dinner watch TV read all my joke emails have five cups of coffee phone my husband/wife 146

147. Checking Irregular Verb Endings 147

148. 148