1. IGHV-unmutated and IGHV-mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells produce activation-induced deaminase protein with a full range of biologic functions by Piers E. M. Patten, Charles C. Chu, Emilia Albesiano, Rajendra N. Damle, Xiao- Jie Yan, Dorothy Kim, Lu Zhang, Amanda R. Magli, Jacqueline Barrientos, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Steven L. Allen, Kanti R. Rai, Sergio Roa, Patricia K. Mongini, Thomas MacCarthy, Matthew D. Scharff, and Nicholas Chiorazzi Blood Volume 120(24):4802-4811 December 6, 2012 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

2. AID mRNA expression relates to recent cell division. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

3. CLL cells in infiltrated LNs express AID protein. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

4. In vitro–activated CLL PBMCs express AID protein. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

5. CLL cells that divided and up-regulated AID protein exhibited more dsDNA breaks. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

6. CLL cells that divided and up-regulated AID protein exhibited CSR and de novo SHM. (A) Sort strategy to obtain 20-cell and 1-cell aliquots of CD5+CD19+ cells from CLL PBMCs after up to 14 days of culture. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology

7. AID+ CLL is correlated with an increased number of cytogenetic aberrations and worse clinical outcomes. Piers E. M. Patten et al. Blood 2012;120:4802-4811 ©2012 by American Society of Hematology