1. Status Antares & KM3NeT SAC 2010 Maarten de Jong

2. neutrinos  p Scientific motivation: – origin cosmic rays – creation& composition relativistic jets – mechanism cosmic particle acceleration – composition dark matter neutrino telescope Why neutrinos? – no absorption – no bending Neutrino astronomy

3. Antares – completed May 2008 – taking data since February 2006 24 h/day 365 days/year

4. Detector operation 2009–2010 date

5. Data taking 2009–2010 Sea current [cm/s] Singles rate [kHz] Neutrino rate [day -1 ] date

6. Summary 2009–2010  Detector operation –Active days 279 / 400 repair operations(5%) bioluminescence (20%) calibration(5%)  Average event rates ¶ –muons1.5 Hz –neutrinos3.2 day -1 ¶ subject to offline cuts

7. Neutrino sky map Galactic longitude Galactic latitude No point sources found yet

8. GRB physics  e  Neutrino astronomy High-energy gamma ray astronomy T. Astraadmadja A. Carolina Assis Jesus M. Bouwhuis E. Presani  +  - below horizon above horizon

9. GRB physics (II) E  [TeV] dN/dE  [TeV -1 km -2 yr -1 ] E [GeV] sensitivity 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 1 10 M. Bouwhuis T. Astraadmadja Atmospheric muons  GRB (1 year) single GRB ¶ Angular correlation not taken into account S/N ¶ = 10 -1 Neutrino astronomyHigh-energy gamma ray astronomy

10. AGN physics rotating black hole matter p ++ ++ ambient light  p p  Astrophysical source Detection on Earth

11. AGN physics (II) J. Petrovic L. Beemster Auger UHECR No correlation found yet Galactic longitude Galactic latitude Antares 

12. Neutrino physics Neutrino Anti neutrino 00.20.40.60.8100.20.40.60.81 10 20 30 40 50 60 20 40 60 80 yy number of events [au] (1 - y) 2 Monte Carlo reconstructed Monte Carlo accepted G. Wijnker determination of ratio ( )

13. sudden Eddie currents Earth & Sea sciences (NIOZ) France observatory food supply Bioluminescence short lived (rare) events dominate deep-sea life permanent observatory time profile vertical sea current

14. Publications (2009–2010)  K40 / low energy muonsaccepted  Atmospheric muonsaccepted  ARS(technical)submitted  ADCP (sea science)submitted  Detector(technical)draft  Acoustic neutrino detectiondraft  EM-shower detectiondraft  Neutrino point sourcesdraft  Time calibrationdraft

15. External relations  TAROT – MoU signed  Virgo/Ligo – MoU signed  Auger-south – MoU in preparation – NL/Veni program  IceCube – MoU signed (software) – joined meetings 1 year -1

16. KM3NeT “50 x Antares”

17. E 2 d  /dE [GeV/cm 2 /s] sin  KM3NeT IceCube Galactic sources -0.6-0.20.20.61 10 -8 10 -9 10 -10 108 64 2 observation time [years] sensitivity to point sources Angular resolution superior sensitivity, improves linearly with time

18. “Dutch design”

19. “All-data-to-shore” j+1 j optical modulator laser TDC  integrate timing system (GHz = ns)  minimise offshore electronics DWDM shore station DWDM

20. electronics Detection module Antares KM3NeT 20 3 x 10” PMT 31 x 3 ” PMT Electronics foam core optical beacon optical nanobeacon hydrophone piezo element titanium frame titanium ring compass/tilt meter 6 (+ 2 + 1) “small” penetrators 2 large penetrators cable 1 penetrator cost 31 k€ (incl. cable) power 30-50 W assembly time 3 days estimated cost 12 k€ (incl. cable) estimated power 10 W estimated assembly time 0.5 day

21.  670 m  20 storeys  20 optical modules  backbone cable Ø 6 mm  2 ropes Ø 2 x 4 mm  buoy 135 kg  top deviation –90 m at 30 cm/s –2/3 horizontal distance  estimated assembly time 0.5 week  estimated investment cost 255 k€ Detection unit Antares  450 m  25 storeys  75 optical modules  backbone cable Ø 20 mm  buoy 637 kg  top deviation –45 m at 30 cm/s –2/3 horizontal distance  assembly time 4 weeks  investment cost 1 M€ KM3NeT

22. Antares  one-by-one storey  one unit per campaign  deployment time 4–5 hours KM3NeT  compact object + unrolling  8–16 units per campaign  deployment time 2 hours deployment

23. Project status  Technical Design Report (summer 2010) – two main design philosophies string(mimimise unit cost, limit unit distance) tower(maximise photo-cathode area per unit, large unit distance)  Preparatory Phase Study (2008–2011) – Administrative Standing Committee representatives of all funding agencies recent meeting, 15 March 2010, Athens

24. political convergence “multi-PMT optical module on an extended bar structure”

25. 6 m 40 m  Foreseen contributions –All-data-to-shore concept –design multi-PMT optical module –design data transmission integrated timing system store-and-forward –construction of detection units –development reconstruction algorithm(s) –physics analyses  Possible other contributions –design deep-sea power system –design bar structure –development Monte Carlo simulation program –online computing farm?  Discontinued contributions –design detection unit –deployment procedure/tools (NIOZ)

26. Summary & outlook  New staff –A. Heijboer –D. Samtleben(1 st May 2010) –M. Bouwhuis(computing)  Antares – steady data taking maintenance unavoidable – main goals being pursued actively publications accepted or in preparation – new ideas still coming in…  KM3NeT – competition with IceCube complementary (different view of sky) superior sensitivity – Technical Design Report expected summer 2010 – working toward convergence of designs

27. Absolute orientation –  (horizontal)= 0.13 deg. –  (vertical)=0.04 deg.

28. Atmospheric muons scintillator array Reconstructed track Atmospheric shower Surface array (2011) Angular accuracy