The Book of Jude BEWARE THE LAMB Slide 1. 2 Jude 1-11 Barclay Slide 3 Jud 1:1-2 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this.

The Book of Jude BEWARE THE LAMB Slide 1

Jude 1-11 Barclay Slide 3 Jud 1:1-2 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this letter to the called who are beloved in God and kept by Jesus Christ. May mercy and peace and love he multiplied to you. Jud 1:3 Beloved, when I was in the midst of devoting all my energy to writing to you about the faith which we all share, I felt that I was compelled to write a letter to you to urge you to engage upon the struggle to defend the faith which was once and for all delivered to God's consecrated people. Jud 1:4 For certain men have wormed their way into the Church--long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ. Jud 1:5-7 It is my purpose to remind you--although you already possess full and final knowledge of all that matters--that, after the Lord had brought the people out of Egypt in safety, he subsequently destroyed those who were unbelieving; and that he has placed under guard in eternal chains in the abyss of darkness, to await the judgment which shall take place on the great day, the angels who did not keep their own rank but left their own proper habitation. Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire. Jud 1:8-9 In the same way these, too, with their dreams, defile the flesh, and set at naught the celestial powers, and speak evil of the angelic glories. When the archangel Michael himself was disputing with the devil about the body of Moses, he did not venture to launch against him an evil- speaking accusation, but said, `The Lord rebuke you!' Jud 1:10 But these people speak evil of everything which they do not understand, whereas they allow themselves to be corrupted by the knowledge which their instincts give them, living at the mercy of their instincts, like beasts without reason. Jud 1:11 Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God.

Jude 12-25 Barclay Slide 4 Jud 1:12-16 These people are hidden rocks which threaten to wreck your Love Feasts. These are the people who at your feasts revel with their own cliques without a qualm. They have no feeling of responsibility to anyone except themselves. They are clouds which drop no water but are blown past by the wind. They are fruitless trees in autumn's harvest time, twice dead and torn up by the roots. They are wild sea waves, frothing out their own shameless deeds. They are wandering stars and the abyss of darkness has been prepared for them forever. It was of these, too, that Enoch, who was the seventh from Adam, prophesied when he said: `Behold the Lord has come with ten thousands of his holy ones, to execute judgment upon all and to convict all the impious for all the deeds of their impiousness, which they have impiously committed, and for the harsh things which impious sinners have said against him.' For these people are grumblers. They querulously complain against the part in life which God has allotted to them. Their conduct is governed by their desires. Their mouths speak swelling words. They toady to men for what they can get out of it. Jud 1:17-19 But you, beloved, you must remember the words which were once spoken by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ; you must remember that they said to us: `In the last time there will be mockers, whose conduct is governed by their own impious desires.' These are the people who set up divisions--fleshly creatures, without the Spirit. Jud 1:20-21 But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. Jud 1:22-23 Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh. Jud 1:24-25 Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, to the only God, our Saviour, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and power, before all time, at this present time, and for all time. Amen.

Jude 1-11 KJV Slide 5 Jud 1:1 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: 2 Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. Jud 1:3 Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. Jud 1:4 For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ. Jud 1:5 I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. 6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. 7 Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Jud 1:8 Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities. 9 Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Jud 1:10 But these speak evil of those things which they know not: but what they know naturally, as brute beasts, in those things they corrupt themselves. Jud 1:11 Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

Jude 12-25 KJV Slide 6 Jud 1:12 These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots; 13 Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. 14 And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints, 15 To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. 16 These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men's persons in admiration because of advantage. Jud 1:17 But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ; 18 How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts. 19 These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. Jud 1:20 But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, 21 Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. Jud 1:22 And of some have compassion, making a difference: 23 And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. Jud 1:24 Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, 25 To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen.

Jude 1-11 ISV Slide 7 Jud 1:1 From: Jude, a servant of Jesus the Messiah, and yet a brother of James. To: Those who have been called, who are loved by God the Father and kept safe by Jesus, the Messiah. 2 May mercy, peace, and love be yours in abundance! Jud 1:3 Dear friends, although I was eager to write to you about the salvation we share, I found it necessary to write to you and urge you to continue your vigorous defense of the faith that was passed down to the saints once and for all. Jud 1:4 For some people have slipped in among you unnoticed. They were written about long ago as being deserving of this condemnation because they are ungodly. They turn the grace of our God into uncontrollable lust and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus the Messiah. Jud 1:5 Now I want to remind you, even though you are fully aware of these things, that the Lord who once saved his people from the land of Egypt later destroyed those who did not believe. 6 He has also held in eternal chains those angels who did not keep their own position but abandoned their assigned place. They are held in deepest darkness for judgment on the great day. 7 Likewise, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities near them, which like them committed sexual sins and pursued homosexual activities, serve as an example of the punishment of eternal fire. Jud 1:8 In a similar way, these dreamers also defile their flesh, reject the Lord's authority, and slander his glorious beings. 9 Even the archangel Michael, when he argued with the devil and fought over the body of Moses, did not dare to bring a slanderous accusation against him. Instead, he said, "May the Lord rebuke you!" Jud 1:10 Whatever these people do not understand, they slander. Like irrational animals, they are destroyed by the very things they know by instinct. Jud 1:11 How terrible it will be for them! For they lived like Cain did, rushed headlong into Balaam's error to make a profit, and destroyed themselves, as happened in Korah's rebellion.

Jude 12-25 ISV Slide 8 Jud 1:12 These people are stains on your love feasts. They feast with you without any sense of awe. They are shepherds who care only for themselves. They are waterless clouds blown about by the winds. They are autumn trees that are fruitless, totally dead, and uprooted. 13 They are wild waves of the sea, churning up the foam of their own shame. They are wandering stars for whom the deepest darkness has been reserved forever. 14 Enoch, in the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied about these people when he said, "Look! The Lord has come with countless thousands of his holy ones. 15 He will judge all people and convict everyone of all the ungodly things that they have done in such an ungodly way, including all the harsh things that these ungodly sinners have said about him. 16 These people are complainers and faultfinders, following their own desires. They say arrogant things and flatter people in order to take advantage of them. Jud 1:17 But you, dear friends, must remember the statements and predictions of the apostles of our Lord Jesus, the Messiah. 18 They kept telling you, "In the last times there will be mockers, following their own ungodly desires. 19 These are the people who cause divisions. They are worldly, devoid of the Spirit. Jud 1:20 But you, dear friends, must continue to build your most holy faith for your own benefit. Furthermore, continue to pray in the Holy Spirit. 21 Remain in God's love as you look for the mercy of our Lord Jesus the Messiah, which brings eternal life. Jud 1:22 Show mercy to those who have doubts. 23 Save others by snatching them from the fire. To others, show mercy with fear, hating even the clothes stained by their sinful lives. Jud 1:24 Now to the one who is able to keep you from falling and to make you stand joyful and faultless in his glorious presence, 25 to the only God, our Savior, through Jesus the Messiah, our Lord, be glory, majesty, power, and authority before all time and for all eternity! Amen.

Jude 1-11 NASB Slide 9 Jud 1:1 Jude, a bond-servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, To those who are the called, beloved in God the Father, and kept for Jesus Christ: 2 May mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you. Jud 1:3 Beloved, while I was making every effort to write you about our common salvation, I felt the necessity to write to you appealing that you contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all handed down to the saints. Jud 1:4 For certain persons have crept in unnoticed, those who were long beforehand marked out for this condemnation, ungodly persons who turn the grace of our God into licentiousness and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ. Jud 1:5 Now I desire to remind you, though you know all things once for all, that the Lord, after saving a people out of the land of Egypt, subsequently destroyed those who did not believe. 6 And angels who did not keep their own domain, but abandoned their proper abode, He has kept in eternal bonds under darkness for the judgment of the great day, 7 just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, since they in the same way as these indulged in gross immorality and went after strange flesh, are exhibited as an example in undergoing the punishment of eternal fire. Jud 1:8 Yet in the same way these men, also by dreaming, defile the flesh, and reject authority, and revile angelic majesties. 9 But Michael the archangel, when he disputed with the devil and argued about the body of Moses, did not dare pronounce against him a railing judgment, but said, "The Lord rebuke you!" Jud 1:10 But these men revile the things which they do not understand; and the things which they know by instinct, like unreasoning animals, by these things they are destroyed. Jud 1:11 Woe to them! For they have gone the way of Cain, and for pay they have rushed headlong into the error of Balaam, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.

Jude 12-25 NASB Slide 10 Jud 1:12 These are the men who are hidden reefs in your love feasts when they feast with you without fear, caring for themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn trees without fruit, doubly dead, uprooted; 13 wild waves of the sea, casting up their own shame like foam; wandering stars, for whom the black darkness has been reserved forever. 14 It was also about these men that Enoch, in the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied, saying, "Behold, the Lord came with many thousands of His holy ones, 15 to execute judgment upon all, and to convict all the ungodly of all their ungodly deeds which they have done in an ungodly way, and of all the harsh things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him. 16 These are grumblers, finding fault, following after their own lusts; they speak arrogantly, flattering people for the sake of gaining an advantage. Jud 1:17 But you, beloved, ought to remember the words that were spoken beforehand by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ, 18 that they were saying to you, "In the last time there will be mockers, following after their own ungodly lusts. 19 These are the ones who cause divisions, worldly-minded, devoid of the Spirit. Jud 1:20 But you, beloved, building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit, 21 keep yourselves in the love of God, waiting anxiously for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to eternal life. Jud 1:22 And have mercy on some, who are doubting; 23 save others, snatching them out of the fire; and on some have mercy with fear, hating even the garment polluted by the flesh. Jud 1:24 Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling, and to make you stand in the presence of His glory blameless with great joy, 25 to the only God our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and authority, before all time and now and forever. Amen.

Jude 1-11 NIV Slide 11 Jud 1:1 Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ and a brother of James, To those who have been called, who are loved by God the Father and kept by Jesus Christ: 2 Mercy, peace and love be yours in abundance. Jud 1:3 Dear friends, although I was very eager to write to you about the salvation we share, I felt I had to write and urge you to contend for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints. Jud 1:4 For certain men whose condemnation was written about long ago have secretly slipped in among you. They are godless men, who change the grace of our God into a license for immorality and deny Jesus Christ our only Sovereign and Lord. Jud 1:5 Though you already know all this, I want to remind you that the Lord delivered his people out of Egypt, but later destroyed those who did not believe. 6 And the angels who did not keep their positions of authority but abandoned their own home—these he has kept in darkness, bound with everlasting chains for judgment on the great Day. 7 In a similar way, Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding towns gave themselves up to sexual immorality and perversion. They serve as an example of those who suffer the punishment of eternal fire. Jud 1:8 In the very same way, these dreamers pollute their own bodies, reject authority and slander celestial beings. 9 But even the archangel Michael, when he was disputing with the devil about the body of Moses, did not dare to bring a slanderous accusation against him, but said, "The Lord rebuke you!" Jud 1:10 Yet these men speak abusively against whatever they do not understand; and what things they do understand by instinct, like unreasoning animals—these are the very things that destroy them. Jud 1:11 Woe to them! They have taken the way of Cain; they have rushed for profit into Balaam's error; they have been destroyed in Korah's rebellion.

Jude 12-25 NIV Slide 12 Jud 1:12 These men are blemishes at your love feasts, eating with you without the slightest qualm—shepherds who feed only themselves. They are clouds without rain, blown along by the wind; autumn trees, without fruit and uprooted—twice dead. 13 They are wild waves of the sea, foaming up their shame; wandering stars, for whom blackest darkness has been reserved forever. 14 Enoch, the seventh from Adam, prophesied about these men: "See, the Lord is coming with thousands upon thousands of his holy ones 15 to judge everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of all the ungodly acts they have done in the ungodly way, and of all the harsh words ungodly sinners have spoken against him. 16 These men are grumblers and faultfinders; they follow their own evil desires; they boast about themselves and flatter others for their own advantage. Jud 1:17 But, dear friends, remember what the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ foretold. 18 They said to you, "In the last times there will be scoffers who will follow their own ungodly desires.“ 19 These are the men who divide you, who follow mere natural instincts and do not have the Spirit. Jud 1:20 But you, dear friends, build yourselves up in your most holy faith and pray in the Holy Spirit. 21 Keep yourselves in God's love as you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to bring you to eternal life. Jud 1:22 Be merciful to those who doubt; 23 snatch others from the fire and save them; to others show mercy, mixed with fear — hating even the clothing stained by corrupted flesh. Jud 1:24 To him who is able to keep you from falling and to present you before his glorious presence without fault and with great joy — 25 to the only God our Savior be glory, majesty, power and authority, through Jesus Christ our Lord, before all ages, now and forevermore! Amen.

Jude 1-7 AMP Slide 13 Jud 1:1 JUDE, A servant of Jesus Christ (the Messiah), and brother of James, [writes this letter] to those who are called (chosen), dearly loved by God the Father and separated (set apart) and kept for Jesus Christ: 2 May mercy, [soul] peace, and love be multiplied to you. Jud 1:3 Beloved, my whole concern was to write to you in regard to our common salvation. [But] I found it necessary and was impelled to write you and urgently appeal to and exhort [you] to contend for the faith which was once for all handed down to the saints [the faith which is that sum of Christian belief which was delivered verbally to the holy people of God]. Jud 1:4 For certain men have crept in stealthily [gaining entrance secretly by a side door]. Their doom was predicted long ago, ungodly (impious, profane) persons who pervert the grace (the spiritual blessing and favor) of our God into lawlessness and wantonness and immorality, and disown and deny our sole Master and Lord, Jesus Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed One). Jud 1:5 Now I want to remind you, though you were fully informed once for all, that though the Lord [at one time] delivered a people out of the land of Egypt, He subsequently destroyed those [of them] who did not believe [who refused to adhere to, trust in, and rely upon Him]. 6 And angels who did not keep (care for, guard, and hold to) their own first place of power but abandoned their proper dwelling place--these He has reserved in custody in eternal chains (bonds) under the thick gloom of utter darkness until the judgment and doom of the great day. 7 [The wicked are sentenced to suffer] just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the adjacent towns-- which likewise gave themselves over to impurity and indulged in unnatural vice and sensual perversity--are laid out [in plain sight] as an exhibit of perpetual punishment [to warn] of everlasting fire. [Gen. 19.]

Jude 8-16 AMP Slide 14 Jud 1:8 Nevertheless in like manner, these dreamers also corrupt the body, scorn and reject authority and government, and revile and libel and scoff at [heavenly] glories (the glorious ones). 9 But when [even] the archangel Michael, contending with the devil, judicially argued (disputed) about the body of Moses, he dared not [presume to] bring an abusive condemnation against him, but [simply] said, The Lord rebuke you! [Zech. 3:2.] Jud 1:10 But these men revile (scoff and sneer at) anything they do not happen to be acquainted with and do not understand; and whatever they do understand physically [that which they know by mere instinct], like irrational beasts--by these they corrupt themselves and are destroyed (perish). Jud 1:11 Woe to them! For they have run riotously in the way of Cain, and have abandoned themselves for the sake of gain [it offers them, following] the error of Balaam, and have perished in rebellion [like that] of Korah! [Gen. 4:3-8; Num. 16; 22-24.] Jud 1:12 These are hidden reefs (elements of danger) in your love feasts, where they boldly feast sumptuously [carousing together in your midst], without scruples providing for themselves [alone]. They are clouds without water, swept along by the winds; trees, without fruit at the late autumn gathering time--twice (doubly) dead, [lifeless and] plucked up by the roots; 13 Wild waves of the sea, flinging up the foam of their own shame and disgrace; wandering stars, for whom the gloom of eternal darkness has been reserved forever. 14 It was of these people, moreover, that Enoch in the seventh [generation] from Adam prophesied when he said, Behold, the Lord comes with His myriads of holy ones (ten thousands of His saints) 15 To execute judgment upon all and to convict all the impious (unholy ones) of all their ungodly deeds which they have committed [in such an] ungodly [way], and of all the severe (abusive, jarring) things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him. 16 These are inveterate murmurers (grumblers) who complain [of their lot in life], going after their own desires [controlled by their passions]; their talk is boastful and arrogant, [and they claim to] admire men's persons and pay people flattering compliments to gain advantage.

Jude 17-25 AMP Slide 15 Jud 1:17 But you must remember, beloved, the predictions which were made by the apostles (the special messengers) of our Lord Jesus Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed One). 18 They told you beforehand, In the last days (in the end time) there will be scoffers [who seek to gratify their own unholy desires], following after their own ungodly passions. 19 It is these who are [agitators] setting up distinctions and causing divisions--merely sensual [creatures, carnal, worldly-minded people], devoid of the [Holy] Spirit and destitute of any higher spiritual life. Jud 1:20 But you, beloved, build yourselves up [founded] on your most holy faith [make progress, rise like an edifice higher and higher], praying in the Holy Spirit; 21 Guard and keep yourselves in the love of God; expect and patiently wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ (the Messiah)--[which will bring you] unto life eternal. Jud 1:22 And refute [so as to] convict some who dispute with you, and on some have mercy who waver and doubt. 23 [Strive to] save others, snatching [them] out of [the] fire; on others take pity [but] with fear, loathing even the garment spotted by the flesh and polluted by their sensuality. [Zech. 3:2-4.] Jud 1:24 Now to Him Who is able to keep you without stumbling or slipping or falling, and to present [you] unblemished (blameless and faultless) before the presence of His glory in triumphant joy and exultation [with unspeakable, ecstatic delight] -- 25 To the one only God, our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory (splendor), majesty, might and dominion, and power and authority, before all time and now and forever (unto all the ages of eternity). Amen (so be it).

Introduction to The Book of Jude The book of Jude is written for today, for the end times, for the end of the Church Age … for us. The beginning of the Church: Acts of the Apostles The end of the Church Age:Acts of the Apostates Jude is the only book devoted ENTIRELY to the great apostasy. “Shall the Son of Man find faith on the Earth?” (Lu 18:8) Apostosia, “falling away,” (2 Thess 2:3); departure from the faith (1 Tim 4:1); unwillingness to endure sound doctrine (2 Tim 4:3); false teachers, damnable heresies (2 Pet 2:1; 3:3) 16

The Date Jude was Written Jude is not one of the early books; a likely date being about 80 to 90AD. Jude speaks of the faith that was once delivered to the saints (Jd.3) That language seems to look back a long way and to come from the time when there was a body of belief which was orthodoxy. Jude17-18 urges his people to remember the words of the apostles of the Lord Jesus Christ. That seems to indicate it was from a time when the apostles were no longer there and the Church was looking back on their teaching. With the exception of John, all the apostles were dead by 70AD, not too late a date. Other NT books were written between 37-100 AD. 2 Peter (especially chapter 2) seems to make use of Jude to a large extent. One of these two writers was borrowing from the other. It is more likely that the author of 2 Peter would incorporate the whole of Jude into his work than it is that Jude would only make use of one section of 2 Peter in his writing. If we accept that 2 Peter uses Jude’s writing, even if Jude is not an early letter neither can Jude have been written at a very late date. 17

Jude and The New Testament The Book of Jude had some difficulty in getting into the New Testament. Even though it took a long time to gain acceptance and was assured of a place in the New Testament scriptures, by the 4 th century its place in the NT Canon was secure. Jude is included in the Muratorian Canon, which dates to ~170AD. It is regarded as the first ‘semi-official’ list of the books accepted by the Church as scripture. The Muratorian Canon does not include Hebrews or 1 Peter. In the mid-3 rd century Origen knew and used Jude, even though there were many who questioned its right to be scripture. Eusebius, a great scholar of the mid-4 th century, made a deliberate examination of the ‘validity’ of the various books which were considered inspired scripture by the Church of that day. He classes Jude among the disputed books. 18

Jude and The New Testament Jerome, who produced the Vulgate version, said it was Jude's references to non-canonical books, treating them as authoritative which caused him to have some doubts about the Book of Jude. Jude references books written during the time period between the accepted Old and the New Testaments and which were (and are) not generally regarded as scripture. Jude 9 references Michael disputing with the devil about the body of Moses. This is taken from the apocryphal book called "The Assumption of Moses." Jude 14-15 confirms his own position usinig a quotation from a prophecy taken from the Book of Enoch which Jude appears to regard as authoritative. Jude 17-18 makes use of a saying of the apostles which is not identifiable at all. We don’t know anything about it’s source. 19

Chiasmic Structural Outline Assurance for the Christian 1-2 The Believer and the Faith 3 Apostates Described 4 Apostasy in OT History 5-8 Apostasy in the Supernatural Realm 9-10 An Ancient Trio of Apostates 11 Apostasy in the Natural Realm 12-13 Apostasy in OT Prophecy 14-16 Apostasy Described 17-19 The Believer and the Faith 20-23 Assurance for the Christian 24-25 20 In rhetoric, chiasmus (Grk: χιάζω, chiázō, “to shape like the letter Χ”) The figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point. The clauses display inverted parallelism.

Jude 1  ‘Jude’ 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: “Jude”  (Gr.) Judas (i.e., “Apostasy,” “Traitor”!) We call our sons “Paul,” “Peter”, “John”, “James”, etc. We call our dogs “Nero,” “Caesar”... but … Who do we call “Judas” ? There are 5 different men named Judas within the New Testament. Judah or Judas = “he shall be praised” 21

Five New Testament “Jude”s Jude (aka: Judas) calls himself the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James. (i) Judas of Damascus: in whose house Paul was praying after his conversion on the Damascus road (Ac.9:11). (ii) Judas Barsabas, a leading figure in the councils of the church who, along with Silas, was the bearer to Antioch of the decision of the Council of Jerusalem when the door of the church was opened to the Gentiles (Ac.15:22,27,32). This Judas was also a prophet (Ac.15:32). (iii) Judas Iscariot, traitor and betrayer, long dead before the Church came into being. None of these three has ever been seriously considered to be the author. 22

Five New Testament “Jude”s (iv) The second Judas in the apostolic band. John calls him ‘Judas, not Iscariot’ (Jn.14:22). In Luke's list of the 12 is an apostle that the KJV calls ‘Judas the brother of James’ (Lk.6:16; Ac.1:13). Because of this, we might think he is the author of this letter. Tertullian does call the ‘Apostle Judas’ the writer of the book. In the Greek, however, he is called ‘Judas of James’. This was a common idiom in Greek. It almost always meant ‘son of’ and not ‘brother of’. If so, Judas of James in the list of the 12 is not Judas the brother of James but Judas the son of James. Most of the newer translations show it this way. Of course, the same could be said of the wording used in Jude 1 (v) Judas, one of Jesus’s half-brothers (Mat13:55; Mk6:3). Only he could truly be called the brother of James. 23

Jude, the Brother of Jesus The Book of Jude is obviously Jewish; Its references and allusions are such that only a Jew could understand. It is simple and rugged; it is vivid and pictorial. It is clearly the work of a simple thinker rather than of a theologian. It fits Jude, the half-brother of our Lord. Historic tradition attaches the book to his name, There could be no reason for attaching the letter to Jude, Jesus brother, unless he did in fact write it. This little letter is very likely the work of Judas, the half-brother of Jesus. 24

The Authorship of Jude Some raise objections to identifying the author as Jesus half- brother (same mother, different father). If Jude was to identify himself as the brother of someone known and famous and Jesus was his brother, why doesn’t Jude say so? Jude 1:1 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, …. Why does he identify himself as Jude the brother of James rather than as Jude the brother of Jesus? Relationship changed  He might prefer to humbly call himself Jesus’ servant. Jesus was his brother but primarily, Jesus was his Lord. 25

The Authorship of Jude Some object that when Jude calls himself the ‘servant of Jesus Christ’ because by doing so, he insinuates that he is an apostle. - To us, being called ‘servant of God’ is a title all believers should seek. - To the early church “…(bond)servant of Jesus Christ” [doulos] was not only a description of a relationship but a title of position and office. "Servants of God" was the Old Testament title for the prophets. (Am 3:7) What had been a prophetic title in the Old Testament became an apostolic title in the New Testament. Paul speaks of himself as the ‘doulos’ servant of Jesus Christ (Ro1:1; Phlp1:1). He is spoken of as the servant of God in the Pastoral Epistles (Tit1:1), It is the title which James claims for himself (Jas1:1). Many conclude, that by calling himself "the Servant of Jesus Christ“, Jude is claiming to be an apostle. 26

Jude, the Brother of Jesus If one the previous 5 did not write it, who did? There are 2 other possibilities: The letter is the work of a man named Jude but of whom we know nothing else. It would be a great coincidence that this Jude is also ‘the brother/son’ of a James and It is hard to explain how so small a letter came to have any authority at all, if it is the work of someone unknown. The letter is pseudonymous; it was written by someone else who then attached Jude’s name to it. This was a common practice in the ancient world. 27

Pseudonymous books Between the Old and New Testament scores of books were written and attached to the names of Moses, Enoch, Baruch, Isaiah, Solomon and many an other. It was common practice and no one saw anything wrong in doing it. But... In pseudonymous publications, the name to which the book was attached was a famous name; Jude, the brother of our Lord, was a person who was completely obscure; he is not numbered amongst the great names of the early church. When a book was written pseudonymously, the reader is never left in any doubt as to the identity of the recognized person whose name it was to be attached. If this letter was pseudonymous and had been issued as the work of Judas, the brother of our Lord, the writer would certainly have given that title in a way that no one could mistake; and yet, it is left unclear exactly who the author is. 28

Jude 1 the servant of Jesus Christ 1] "Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this letter to the called who are beloved in God and kept by Jesus Christ. [Barclay] Few things tell more about a man than the way in which he speaks of himself. Jude calls himself the servant of Jesus Christ. The only title of honor which Jude would allow himself was the servant of Jesus Christ. Jude regarded himself as having only one object and one distinction in life - to be forever at the disposal of Jesus for service in his cause. The greatest glory which any Christian can attain is to be of use to Jesus Christ. 29

Jude 1  the servant of Jesus Christ 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: “Bondservant of Jesus Christ”: doulos. A self indentured, willing, lifetime slave/servant made so by one’s own choice Carries with it some special, unique benefits: Rev. 1:1 The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John: 30

Jude 1  brother of James 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: “Brother of James”  There are several James’s in the NT: the head of the Church in Jerusalem; author of the Epistle of James; the “Lord’s brother” (Gal 1:19); one of four “brothers” of Jesus (Ps 69:7-8). Mar 6:3 Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him. Neither James nor Jude, Jesus brothers (half-brother) were part of the 12 disciples. At first, they thought Jesus was crazy (Jn 7:5). After Jesus resurrection, both are identified as believers and epistle writers: James — wrote about good works as evidence of saving faith. Jude — wrote about evil works as evidence of apostasy. 31

Jude 1  the brother of James 1] "Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this letter to the called who are beloved in God and kept by Jesus Christ. 2] May mercy and peace and love he multiplied to you.” [Barclay] Few things tell more about a man than the titles by which he wishes to be known. Jude calls himself the brother of James. Jude was well content with the second place; second billing. He was not nearly so well known as James who was the head of the church at Jerusalem; Jude is content to be known as the brother of James. Andrew, Simon Peter's brother (Jn.6:8) was also described by his relationship to a more famous brother. Jude and Andrew could easily have become resentful of their brothers in whose shadow they had to live but both had the great gift of humility, gladly being satisfied to be in second place. 32

Growing up with brothers Psalm 69 Slide 33 Psalm 69: The Silent Years in the Life of Christ Next to Psalm 22, Psalm 69 is the most quoted psalm in the New Testament: Psalm 22 deals with the death of Christ; Psalm 69 deals with the life of Christ. It is quoted in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, and in Acts and Romans. Although not being direct quotations, there are many other allusions and references to Psalm 69 in the New Testament.

Growing up with brothers Psalm 69 Slide 34 The Early Years This psalm tells us about the silent years of Christ’s childhood and young manhood, of which the Gospels tell us practically nothing. Matthew and Luke tell us about Jesus birth and life until he was about 2-3 years old. Luke tells us about an incident in the life of our Lord when He was 12 years old. But we learn nothing else about Him in the Gosples until He is about 30 years old and He begins His earthly ministry. Psalm 69 prophetically fills in some of the details of those early years. It is classified as an imprecatory psalm because of an imprecatory prayer (vv.22–28). It is from that section that the New Testament writers often quote. His imprecatory prayer is actually a cry for justice. This is a psalm of His early humiliation and rejection

Psalm 69:8-13 Slide 35 [8] I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother's children. [9] For the zeal of thine house hath eaten me up; and the reproaches of them that reproached thee are fallen upon me. [10] When I wept, and chastened my soul with fasting, that was to my reproach. [11] I made sackcloth also my garment; and I became a proverb to them. [12] They that sit in the gate speak against me; and I was the song of the drunkards. [13] But as for me, my prayer is unto thee, O Lord, in an acceptable time: O God, in the multitude of thy mercy hear me, in the truth of thy salvation.

Psalm 69:8 Slide 36 8] I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’s children. This verse teaches the virgin birth of Christ. Notice: I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien - no longer family but an outsider… an foreigner, an alien unto my mother’s children. - not my brothers but ‘my mother’s children… - not His father’s children because Joseph was not His father. At some point James, Judas and Joses and Simon, Jesus half- brothers and his haf-sisters must have come to Mary asking, “Mother, we heard somebody said that Jesus is not really our brother. They said that nobody knows who His father really is.” It probably was a very unhappy, uncomfortable, awkward home life. It must have been interesting when they later discover who He is!!

Mark 6:3 Slide 37 Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Judas, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? Mary and Joseph had a family of at least 7 children. Jesus, at least 4 brothers (all named) and at least 2 sisters (plural, all unnamed). Mark 6:3 to indicates that for a time during those ‘silent years’, Jesus had taken up Joseph’s trade as a “carpenter” (Heb: charash; Grk: tekton). He was recognized as a carpenter (lit: craftsman) by reputation by his hometown neighbors early in His ministry years.

Mark 6:3 Slide 38 Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Judas, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? “carpenter” (Heb: charash; Grk: tekton) -- a general word for graver or craftsman, Is translated “carpenter” in 2Kgs 22:6; 2Chr 24:12; Ezr 3:7; Is 41:7. Is rendered “craftsman” in the American Standard Revised Version of Jer 24:1; 29:2 Is rendered “smith” in the American Standard Revised Version of Zech 1:20. In 2 Sam 5:11; 2 Kigs12:11; 1 Chr 14:1; Isa 44:13, Hb: charash occurs with Hb: `ets (wood), and is more correctly translated “carpenter”, “worker in wood”, “craftsman of wood”. Grk: Tekton, the Greek word for “artificer” / “craftsman”, is translated “carpenter” in Mt 13:55 and Mk 6:3.

Psalm 69:9 Slide 39 9] For the zeal of thine house hath eaten me up; and the reproaches of them that reproached thee are fallen upon me. This is a verse our Lord quoted in reference to the temple And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting: And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers’ money, and overthrew the tables; And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not my Father’s house an house of merchandise. And his disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up. John 2:14-17 The Greek word for zeal signifies “to stretch out the neck,” a metaphor from the racers who strain every limb to reach forward, to stretch to reach the finish line and lay hold upon the prize.

Psalm 69:10-11 Slide 40 10] When I wept, and chastened my soul with fasting, that was to my reproach. 11] I made sackcloth also my garment; and I became a proverb to them. When He would fast or weep, His brothers would ridicule Him for it. They probably assumed that He was just putting on an act. “...I became a proverb to them”: word had circulated that He was illegitimate  “They don’t know who Jesus’ Daddy was…” You know what people would call Him today. John 8 is a tense confrontation with the Pharisees about Jesus; parentage! We be not born of fornication… John 8:41

Psalm 69:12 Slide 41 12] They that sit in the gate speak against me; and I was the song of the drunkards. The leading people in Nazareth spoke against Him. Those who were “sitting in the gate” were the high officials of the town, the judges and elders of the community. In small communities, everybody knows your business… His life in Nazareth was not serene. “I was the song of the drunkards”: The drunks at the local bar made up dirty little ditties about Him and His mother. He was raised in a town where He was called illegitimate. He endured it so that you and I could become a legitimate child of God. The Son of God bore that for me on the cross; He paid the penalty for my sins. We have no idea what He endured for those 30 years – child, teen, young man – at home, in town, at work – in order that we might have a clear title as a legitimate son of God!

Messianic Genealogy Slide 42 The most distinguished Family Tree in history Encrypted in Torah Gen 38 Prophesied in time of Judges Ruth 4 Evades the blood curse on Jeconiah Jer 22:30 Virgin Birth Gen 3:15; Isa 7:14; Ps 69, 110 His half-brothers Jude and James had the advantage of experiencing Jesus’ idiosyncrasies, sense of humor, personal characteristics, et al. Neither James nor Jude believed in the messianic claims of Jesus until after His resurrection. It was the Resurrection that convicted them and confirmed to them that Jesus really was who He claimed to be. What an amazing shock that realization must have been…

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: hagiazō, meaning “to sanctify.” “Beloved” ἀ γαπ ά ω (agapao) Triad: Called, Beloved, Kept [Authorized Version] “Beloved”: Who are the “Beloved”? Jn 14:23; Jn 16:27; Jn 17:20, 23 It is the fact that we are beloved, sanctified by God which determines the nature of the call. God’s call to men is a call to be loved and to love. God calls men to a task of honor, not burden. God calls men to service based in fellowship, based on friendship and love, not of tyranny. In the end God calls men to judgment, but it is the judgment of love and service for those who are His. 43

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: Triad: Called, Beloved, Kept [Authorized Version] “Kept”: The only salutation in any epistle in the New Testament that uses this particular verb. Watchful care; close attention; present possession. The Christian is never left alone; Christ is always the sentinel of his life and the companion of his way. Example: Peter and Paul’s imprisonment (Ac 12:5; 25:4, 21) Our heavenly inheritance (1 Pet 1:4). Perfect tense: “Continually kept.” He will keep us from the hour of trial (Rev 3:10). We are to be kept blameless unto the coming (1Th 5:23). Caution: We need to “keep” ourselves (Jude 21)! Fallen angels didn’t (v.6)  they kept not their first estate. 44

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called Slide 45 “Kept” τηρ έ ω (tereo): The only salutation in any epistle in the New Testament that uses this particular verb. Watchful care; close attention; present possession. Example: Peter and Paul’s imprisonment (Acts 12:5; 25:4, 21). Our heavenly inheritance (1 Pet 1:4). Perfect tense: “Continually kept.” He will keep us from the hour of trial (Rev 3:10). We are to be kept blameless unto the coming (1Th 5:23). Caution: We need to “keep” ourselves! (Jude 21). Fallen angels also “kept not” their first estate (Jude 6).

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: Throughout his letter, Jude uses groupings of things. Most often it is in triads - groups of three. Triad: Called, Beloved, Kept [Authorized Version] Christians are those who are called by God. Called: κλητ ό ς (kletos): I have chosen you (Jn 15:16; 6:65); God hath from the beginning chosen you (2Th 2:13-14) Foreknew, predestined, called, justified, glorified (Ro 8:28-30). 46

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called 1] Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this letter to the called who are beloved in God and kept by Jesus Christ. [Barclay] The Greek for call is "kalein“  κλητ ό ς (kletos) (a)It is the word for summoning a man to office, to duty, and to responsibility – in our case to a task, to duty, to responsibility in the service of Christ. (b)It is the word for summoning a man to a feast or a festival. It is the word for an invitation to a happy occasion – in our case to the joy of being the guest of God. (c) It is the word for summoning a man to judgment. We are called to give an account of ourselves, life and deeds. The Christian is in the end summoned to appear before the judgment seat of Christ to determine and receive our reward for faithful service in this life. 47

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called Paul says he was called to be an apostle (Ro1:1; 1Co1:1) The Greek word is "apostolos"; it comes from the verb "apostellein"  to send out, An apostle is one who is sent out as the ambassador of Christ. He is sent out into the world to speak for Christ, to act for Christ, to live for Christ. By his life he commends or fails to commend Christ to others. We are sent to our world… Who do they see? Who do we represent to them? Christians – or – Christ ??? 48

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called Paul speaks about being called to be saints (Ro1:7; 1Co1:2). The word for saint is "hagios"  commonly translated “holy”. Its root idea, however, is “difference”. The Sabbath is holy because it is different from other days. God is supremely holy because he's different from men. To be called to be a saint is to be called to be different. The world has its own standards and its own scale of values. The Christian is ‘holy’ / ‘different’ in that for the Christian, Christ is the only standard and loyalty to Christ the only value. The Christian is called according to the purpose of God (Ro 8:28). God's call goes out to every man, although every man does not accept it. This means that for every man, God has a purpose. 49

Jude 1  Sanctified…Preserved…Called This calling of God: sets before a man a great hope (Eph 1:18; 4:4). should be a unifying influence binding men together by the conviction that they all have a part in the purpose of God (Eph 4:4) is an upward calling (Php 3:14), setting a man's feet on the way to the stars. is a heavenly calling (Heb 3:1), making a man think of the things which are invisible and eternal. is a holy calling, a call to consecration to God. is a calling which covers a man's ordinary every-day task (1Co 7:20). is a calling which does not alter because God does not change his mind (Ro 11:29). knows no human distinctions and cuts across the world's classifications and scale of importance (1Co 1:26). is something of which the Christian must be worthy (Eph 4:1; 2Th 1:11) All life must be one long effort to make it secure (2Pet.1:10). The calling of God is the privilege, the challenge and the inspiration of the Christian life. 50

Jude 2  Mercy 2] Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. Another triad  Mercy…Peace…Love “Mercy” rather than Grace! Ephes. 2:4 But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us, Mercy  not receiving the justice we deserve. Grace  receiving good that we don’t deserve. Mercy suits the message that is coming… (Heb 4:16). Law  death enforced (Num 15:32-36), failure in even one point (James 2:10); Works of the flesh  chamber of horrors (Gal 5:19-21); 51

Jude 2  Peace 2] Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. “Peace”: We have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ (Rom 5:1). No peace for the wicked (Isa 57:20-21). Peace  The attitude – state of mind – that can: Thank God for everything. Worry about nothing and Pray about everything Philip. 4:6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God. Philip. 4:11 Not that I speak in respect of want: for I have learned, in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content. 52

Jude 2  Love 2] Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. “Love”: important as it appears in each of the first 3 verses It is or should be identifying mark (Jn 13:34-35). Last days will be a noted for a generel lack of love Jesus criticism of the church of Ephesus: they lost their “first love...” Character of the church of Philadelphia is followed by the church of Laodicea. (Rev 2-3) Jude 20-21; the same themes appear. Mercy  upward Peace  inward Love  outward 53

Jude 3  Jude’s objective for the epistle. 3] Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. The epistle is written to the “Beloved”: ἀ γαπητ ό ς agapetos. (1Cor 2:14 “agapao”: totally given over to). Jude had been writing a treatise about their common Christian faith; the ‘common salvation’ they all shared. A Divine Compulsion (Grk: to compress; to pressure) compelled him to change his subject. The conviction came to him that he must lay aside his treatise and write this letter. 54

Jude 3-4 Meeting the Threat Jude's original intent was to write a treatise on the faith which all Christians share. That task had to be set aside given the rise of men whose conduct and thought were a threat to the Church (Jd.3). Certain men had insinuated themselves into the church and were busily engaged in turning the grace of God into an excuse for open immorality and they were denying the only true God and Jesus Christ the Lord (Jd.4). These men were immoral in life and heretical in belief. In view of this situation, the purpose of Jude’s letter changed to exposing the heretics and rallying the Christians to stand firm and defending the faith. 55

Jude 3  needful to exhort to contend... 3] Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. Christ: “must needs” (Acts 17:3); Paul: “necessity is laid upon me...” (1Co 9:16). 2 Pet 1:21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. First Exhortation  Contend earnestly for the faith. Gr. “Exhort”: παρακαλ έ ω parakaleo (v) paraclete (n): comforter, called alongside. Gr. “Earnestly contend”: ἐ παγων ί ζομαι epagonizomai: to agonize upon; defend strenuously; passionately protect A God inspired timely tract has greater impact and meaning than a definitive treatise written about things that are not immediate. 56

Jude 3  earnestly contend for the faith 3] Beloved, … earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. Faith  confidence in The faith  the whole ‘body of truth’, teachings, principles, and precepts handed down to us, delivered by God once for all. How are YOU faithfully following this exhortation? Strengthen the hands of faithful pastors and teaching ministries (Rev 3:2); Unflinching witness; diligent preparation (v.20); Withhold support and encouragement from those who compromise or deny the whole counsel of God; Speak out against the preaching of “another Gospel” (Prv 19:27); Work with a sword at your side (Neh 4:17-18). 57

Jude 3  the faith which was…delivered 3] Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. “Faith”: more inclusive term than “salvation” or “gospel.” 18 occurrences: a mystery (1 Tim 3:9) departed from in the last days (1 Tim 4:1) carries a duty to others (1 Tim 5:8) faithful teaching of God’s Word establishes faith (Ac 16:5, Ro 10:17) All believers need to stand fast and to continue in the true Faith (1 Cor 16:13; Acts 14:22) There is great need for a “Combat Faith” (Eph 6)! Any claim of additional revelation is evidence of apostasy (Deut 4:2; Rev 22:18). The ‘Faith’  Body of truth; teachings / precepts Handed down once and for all… 58

Jude 3  the faith which was…delivered 3] Beloved, when I was in the midst of devoting all my energy to writing to you about the faith which we all share, I felt that I was compelled to write a letter to you to urge you to engage upon the struggle to defend the faith which was once and for all delivered to God's consecrated people. [Barclay] The facts of Christian faith are not something we discover or expand upon they are delivered to us and must not be compromised. The facts are unchangeable. They are something which has been handed down from generation to generation in a living chain whose links are men and women who have experienced the wonder of the facts until they have come to us  right tradition. The chain is unbroken back to Jesus Christ Himself. 59

Hebrews 11:1 Slide 60 (AMP) NOW FAITH is the assurance (the confirmation, the title deed) of the things [we] hope for, being the proof of things [we] do not see and the conviction of their reality [faith perceiving as real fact what is not revealed to the senses]. (ASV) Now faith is assurance of things hoped for, a conviction of things not seen. (BBE) Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, and the sign that the things not seen are true. (CEV) Faith makes us sure of what we hope for and gives us proof of what we cannot see. (Darby) Now faith is the substantiating of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. (DRB) Now, faith is the substance of things to be hoped for, the evidence of things that appear not. (ERV) Faith is what makes real the things we hope for. It is proof of what we cannot see. (ESV) Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. (GNB) To have faith is to be sure of the things we hope for, to be certain of the things we cannot see. (GW) Faith assures us of things we expect and convinces us of the existence of things we cannot see. (ISV) Now faith is the assurance that what we hope for will come about and the certainty that what we (LEB) Now faith is the realization of what is hoped for, the proof of things not seen. (LITV) Now faith is the essence of things being hoped, the evidence of things not having been seen. (Murdock) Now faith is the persuasion of the things that are in hope, as if they were in act; and [it is] the manifestness of the things not seen. (NASB) Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. (NIV) Now faith is being sure of what we hope for and certain of what we do not see. (NLT) Faith is the confidence that what we hope for will actually happen; it gives us assurance about things we cannot see. (RV) Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the proving of things not seen. (TNIV) Now faith is being sure of what we hope for and certain of what we do not see. (Webster) Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen. (WNT) Now faith is a well-grounded assurance of that for which we hope, and a conviction of the reality of things which we do not see. (YLT) And faith is of things hoped for a confidence, of matters not seen a conviction, (KJV) Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.

Substance - Evidence Slide 61 (KJV+) Now G1161 faith G4102 is G2076 the substance G5287 of things hoped for, G1679 the evidence G1650 of things G4229 not G3756 seen. G991 Substance  solid, having value, carrying meaning, the basis upon which a thing is built, assurance, the material (ideas) from which a thing is made Uses: “They have no substance...” “That sermon had substance...” “The building has a substantial foundation…” “The resources backing the effort are substantial…” “It was made of some unknown substance…” Evidence  the expression of Faith, Where you place your confidence is the outward proof of what you expect.

Jude 3  the faith which was…delivered 3] Beloved, when I was in the midst of devoting all my energy to writing to you about the faith which we all share, I felt that I was compelled to write a letter to you to urge you to engage upon the struggle to defend the faith which was once and for all delivered to God's consecrated people. [Barclay] The Christian faith is something which was delivered to mankind once and for all. Each individual in each age has to discover and determine what to do about the facts of God’s salvation through and new life in Christ. Those facts do not, should not, must not be reinvented or altered to suit any individual or time. Jesus Christ came into the world and lived and died and rose again to bring salvation to men – just as the Scripture’s said. 62

Jude 3  the faith which was…delivered 3] Beloved, when I was in the midst of devoting all my energy to writing to you about the faith which we all share, I felt that I was compelled to write a letter to you to urge you to engage upon the struggle to defend the faith which was once and for all delivered to God's consecrated people. [Barclay] The Christian faith has been entrusted to God's consecrated people – the church that has been established and built by the Lord Jesus Himself. It is not the private possession of any one person but of the church. 2 Ptr 1:20 It passes down from person to person and generation to generation within the church. It is preserved within the church. It is taught understood by and within the church. 63

Jude 3  the faith which was…delivered 3] Beloved, when I was in the midst of devoting all my energy to writing to you about the faith which we all share, I felt that I was compelled to write a letter to you to urge you to engage upon the struggle to defend the faith which was once and for all delivered to God's consecrated people. [Barclay] The Christian faith must be defended and every Christian must be its defender. The word that Jude uses for to defend is "epagonizesthai" which contains the root of our English word agony. The defense of the faith may be a costly thing but it’s defense is a duty which passes on to every generation of the Church. Each generation must handle it and pass it on uncorrupted and unperverted. ‘NEW’ is not good if it alters the truths which have been handed down from God through the past generations. 64

Jude 4  The Threat 4] For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ. The Threat: contrast this with 2 Peter, Jude 2 Peter Jude 32 Peter 1:5 Jude 4 2 Peter 2:1 Jude 6 2 Peter 2:4 Jude 7 2 Peter 2:6 Jude 8 2 Peter 2:10 Jude 9 2 Peter 2:11 65 Jude 2 Peter Jude 10 2 Peter 2:12 Jude 11 2 Peter 2:15 Jude 12 2 Peter 2:13 Jude 12-13 2 Peter 2:17 Jude 16 2 Peter 2:18 Jude 172 Peter 3:2 Jude 18 2 Peter 3:3

Jude 4: The peril from within 4] For certain men have wormed their way into the Church -- long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.“ [Barclay] What manner of men are these? “Crept in privily, unawares” = “have settled down alongside.” These evil men had insinuated themselves into the church. These are false teachers, privily shall bring in damnable heresies (2 Pet 2:1). They were the kind of men for whom judgment was waiting. They were impious creatures, godless in thought and deed. 66

Jude 4: The peril from within 4] For certain men have wormed their way into the Church -- long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.“ [Barclay] Why did Jude write this letter? Apostasy active within the Church Greater hazards from the Apostates “inside” than from those “outside”…. What Is an Apostate? Parable of the sower, the seed, the soils (Lk 8:5-18): – Rocky ground: in time of temptation (form Apostosia) “receive”: dekomi vs. Lk 8:13 – Good ground: “receive”: Paradekomai (Mk 4:20) “welcomed” it into their life. Apostates do not understand the Word; they do not bring forth fruit (Mt 13:23). “Without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by roots” (v.12). They received light, but not life; written Word, but not the Living Word. Deliberate rejection is involved—not indifference, error, or involvement in heresy alone: Judas, Cain, Balaam, Korah (v. 11). What manner of men are these? – “Crept in privily” = “have settled down alongside.” – These are false teachers, privily shall bring in damnable heresies (2 Pet 2:1). 67

What Is an Apostate? Parable of the sower, the seed, the soils: Rocky ground: in time of temptation (verb form Apostosia ) “receive”: dekomi (Lk 8:13) vs. Good ground: “receive”: Paradekomai (Mk 4:20); “welcomed” it into their life. Apostates do not understand the Word; they do not bring forth fruit (Mt 13:23). “Without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by roots” (v.12). They received light, but not life; They received the written Word, but not Living Word. Deliberate rejection of truth is involved in these men’s actions. — not indifference, error, or ignorant involvement in heresy These men “Crept in privily” = “have settled down alongside.” These are false teachers bringing in damnable heresies (2Ptr 2:1) 68

Three Identifiers of Apostates Cain  ungodliness; Balaam  perversion of grace; Korah  denial of God’s appointed leader. 1) “Ungodly” = destitute of reverential awe toward God. Form of faith but denying the power thereof (2 Tim 3:5); Denies the Gospel of Christ (Rom 1:16); Denies the transforming power, new life (Phil 3:10); Heart vs outward appearances is key (1Sa 16:7; Is 66:2); Denies wrath against sin; God’s holiness and God’s acceptance of the finished work of Jesus Christ on behalf of sinners; Universal Brotherhood of Man vs. Jn 8:44; Jn 1:12; Gal 3:26. Gnostics: Split our one God into two beings Made Jesus only one of many ways – not the only way Established splits in the body – created the ‘haves and have nots’ of special knowledge and understanding 69

Three Identifiers of Apostates Slide 70 2) “Perverts the grace of God into lasciviousness”: – Rejection of the Word of God occurs whenever it is displaced by tradition, custom, creed, loyalty to an organization, personal desire, etc – Perversion of Eph 2:8-10 vs. Titus 2:11-13: For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them. Eph 2:8-10 “...workmanship”: πο ί ημα poiema = poem. For the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men, Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world; Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ; Titus 2:11-13

Three Identifiers of Apostates 3) “Denies our only Master and Lord Jesus Christ” 2 Pet 2:1-2 Sovereignty: preexistent Creator of all things. “Lord”: of all true believers (Act10:36; Ro 14:9). “Jesus”: Jehovah the Saviour, our martyr-substitute. “Christ”: Messiah, the Anointed One of OT Prophecy. If we deny Him, He will deny us (Mt 10:3; 2Ti 2:12; 1Jn 2:22- 23) Num 14 (answered prayer); 1Co 10, Heb 3-4. 71 LASCIVIOUS [ lascivus, from laxus, laxo, to relax, to loosen.] 1. Loose; wanton; lewd; lustful; softened; luxurious.

Three Examples of Apostates Cain  ungodliness; Balaam  perversion of grace; Korah  denial of God’s appointed leader. 72

Jude 4  The Threat 4] For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ. Why we must consistently contend for the faith? There are Tares among the Wheat (Mt 13:24-30); False brethren have stolen into the Church (Gal 2:4-5); Saints are in peril (2 Cor 11:26); Latter times: doctrines of demons (1 Tim 4:1,6); Pre-written warnings: Enoch (Jude 14-15). Effect: Destroy and detract from worship, and our focus on and relationship with God. 73

Jude 4: The peril from within 4] For certain men have wormed their way into the Church -- long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.“ [Barclay] Certain men had crept in unawares [KJV]. The Greek word (pareisduein): is used of the specious seductive words of a clever attorney seeping gradually into the minds of a judge and jury. it is used of an outlaw slipping secretly back into a country from which he has been expelled. it is used of the slow subtle entry of new ideas and innovations into life of state but which in the end undermine and break down the ancestral laws and established Godly traditions. It always indicates stealthy adding something evil into a society or situation. 74

Jude 4: The peril from within 4] For certain men have wormed their way into the Church -- long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.“ [Barclay] These evil men perverted the grace of God into an excuse for blatant immorality. The Greek word is a grim and terrible word: "aselgeia”. Adj: "aselges" Most men try to hide their sin having enough personal shame and respect for common decency to not to want to be exposed. "aselges" is a man so lost to decency he does not care who sees his sin. It is not that he arrogantly and proudly flaunts it but he believes he can publicly do the most shameless things because he has convinced himself that those deeds will bring no judgment. Since the grace of God was wide enough to cover any sin, a man could sin as he liked. The more he sins, the greater the grace, so why worry about sin? 75

Jude 4: The peril from within 4] For certain men have wormed their way into the Church -- long before this they were designated for judgment impious creatures they are--who twist the grace of God into a justification of blatant immorality and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.“ [Barclay] They denied our only Lord and Master, Jesus Christ. There are many ways in which we can deny Jesus Christ. (a)when under persecution. (b)for the sake of personal convenience. (c)by our life and conduct. (d)by developing false ideas about him in opposition to the truth. 76

The Heretics Jude never tells us who the heretics were that he is blasting. He tells us what beliefs and heresies he was warning against in general terms but does not detail the specifics of their actions or way of life... Jude denounces the principles involved rather than naming names or describing in detail the heresies he attacks. He does not seek to argue and to refute. He stands for truth and right and encourages others to do so too. 77

Jude’s Targets The heretics Jude attacks were men who: denied the oneness of God and split him into an ignorant creating God and a truly spiritual God; who denied the uniqueness of Jesus Christ and saw him as only one of the links between God and man; who erected class distinctions within the church and limited fellowship with God to the intellectual few. 78

Antinomians They were antinomians  people who pervert God’s grace. Their position is that the law is dead. They are completely under grace. The requirements of the law may apply to other people. But, the Law of God no longer applies to them. Therefore, they can do absolutely whatever they like. Since, grace is supreme; God will forgive any sin; The more the sin, the more the opportunities for grace to abound (Rom.6). The body is of no importance; what happens ‘in the flesh’ doesn’t matter anymore. What matters is the inward heart of man. Since, all things belong to Christ, therefore, all things belong to and are available to them. For them there is nothing forbidden. 79

The Heretics Jude's heretics turn the grace of God into an excuse for flagrant immorality (Jd.4); They permit and practice shameless, unnatural vices, just as the people of Sodom did (Jd.7). They defile the flesh and think it is not sinning (Jd.8). They allow their basest, most crude, and brute instincts to rule their lives (Jd.10). With their sensual ways, they are making the love feasts of the church a moral shipwreck (Jd.12). It is by their own lusts that they direct their lives (Jd.16). If it feels good, do it… You deserve a break today… Life is too short, live it today… 80

Modern Examples of an Ancient Hersey The Antinomianism heresy has flourished throughout church history - especially when grace was being rediscovered. Jude's heretics have existed in every Christian generation. Even if we do not go into it all the way, there are still many of us who trade upon God's forgiveness and make his grace an excuse to sin. So long as my conscience is clear, it’s permitted and I can do it – even, if God’s Law has declared it wrong. It’s a private matter, and a little thing at that… God didn’t really mean what He said. It’s nobody’s business, it’s just between God and me. 81

The Denial of God and of Jesus Christ Jude charges them with "denying our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ" (Jd.4). The closing doxology (Jd.24-25) is to "the only God," a phrase which occurs again in Ro16:27; 1Tim 1:17; 1Tim 6:15. If Jude is so clear and careful to address our “only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ” and our “only God”, Then there must have been those who questioned the uniqueness of Jesus Christ and of God. As shows up often in the New Testament, we are in contact with that type of thought which came to be known as Gnosticism. 1 Jn 4:2-3; 2 Jn 1:7 82

Gnosticism The basic idea behind Gnosticism is that the universe is dualistic guided by two eternal but competing principles. From the beginning of time there has always been spirit and matter. Spirit was essentially good. Matter was essentially evil. It was out of this flawed matter that the world was created. God is pure spirit and, therefore, could not possibly handle this essentially evil matter. So, God put out a series of ‘aeons’; A series of spiritual manifestations of power evolved by progressive ‘emanations’ from God; the eternal Being. Each of these aeons was farther away from him. At the end of this long chain there was finally an aeon that was so far remote from God it was able to touch matter; It was this aeon, this distant and secondary god manifestation, who actually created the world. 83

Gnosticism As the series of aeons grew more and more distant from God, They grew more ignorant of him; and They grew more hostile to him. The final, creating aeon, at the end of the series, was both totally ignorant of and totally hostile to God at the same time. Having gone to that length, the Gnostics took another step. They identified the true God with the God of the New Testament and They identified the secondary, ignorant and hostile god with the God of the Old Testament. They viewed the God of creation as a different being from the God of revelation and redemption. True and faithful Christianity believes in the only God, the one God of creation, providence, and redemption. The Gnostic explanation of sin was that because creation was carried out using evil matter by an ignorant god that sin and suffering and all imperfections exist in this world. 84

Gnosticism Clearly the hostile God would be hostile to the people who were the true servants of the true God. If the God of the Old Testament was ignorant of and hostile to the true God, the people whom that ignorant God hurt must have in fact really been good people. The Gnostics turned the Old Testament upside down and regarded its heroes as villains and its villains as heroes. A sect of these Gnostics called Ophites, worshipped the serpent of Eden; and regarded Cain and Korah and Balaam as great heroes. It is these very people whom Jude uses as tragic and terrible examples of sin. 85

Gnosticism The heretical beliefs Jude attacks are basic Gnostic beliefs denying the oneness of God, denying the uniqueness of "our only Master and Lord Jesus Christ“ regarding Jesus Christ as one of the aeons, he was only one among the many who were links between God and man (although he might be the highest and the closest of all). regarding the God of creation as different from the God of redemption, believing the God of the Old Testament was an ignorant enemy of the true God turning the Old Testament upside down to regard its sinners as servants of the true God and its saints as servants of the hostile God. 86

Gnosticism In Jd.19, Jude describes these scoffers and agitators as "these who set up divisions." The heretics introduced some kind of class distinctions within the fellowship of the Church. The Gnostics believed that the aim of man must be to achieve contact with God. To accomplish this his soul must traverse this infinite series of links between God and man. The Gnostics held that to achieve this, a very special, deep, and esoteric (secret, private) knowledge was required and that only a very few could ever gain it. 87

Gnosticism The Gnostics divided men into 2 classes: "pneumatikoi" and "psuchikoi“. "pneuma" was the spirit of man was what made him kin to God. "psuche" was simply the physical life which all living things possessed and which was something that man shared with the animal creation and even with growing plants. The "pneumatikoi" were a very small, select minority of spiritual people. - people whose spirits were so highly developed and intellectual that they were able to climb the long ladder and reach God. - so spiritually and intellectually equipped, they could become as good as or even better than Jesus and could thus attain direct union with God. The "psuchikoi" made up the vast majority of ordinary people. - they had physical life but their "pneuma" was undeveloped - they were incapable of ever gaining the intellectual wisdom which would enable them to climb the long road to God. This kind of unscriptural, unsupported belief introduced the worst kind of class distinction, spiritual snobbery, and pride into the church. 88

Gnosticism Slide 89 God Aeons Christ Emanations Angels Archangels Principalities Powers Dominions Thrones Docetic Gnostics (Only a phantom) Cerinthian Gnostics (Intermittent phantom)

Jude 4: The peril from within If these men were Gnostics, they would have two basic mistaken ideas about Jesus. Since they believed the body, being matter, was evil, they would hold that Jesus only seemed to have a body and was a kind of spirit ghost in the apparent shape of a man. The Greek for "to seem" is "dokein"; and these men were called Docetists. They denied the that Jesus came in the flesh. 1Jn4:3 And every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of God: and this is that spirit of antichrist, whereof ye have heard that it should come; and even now already is it in the world. They denied his uniqueness. They believed that there were many stages between the evil matter of this world and the perfect spirit which is God. They believed that Jesus was only one of the many stages on the way, not ‘..the Way, the Truth, and the Life…’ John 14:6 90

Jude 5-7  Remember…The Dreadful Examples 5] It is my purpose to remind you -- although you already possess full and final knowledge of all that matters -- that, after the Lord had brought the people out of Egypt in safety, he subsequently destroyed those who were unbelieving; 6] and that he has placed under guard in eternal chains in the abyss of darkness, to await the judgment which shall take place on the great day, the angels who did not keep their own rank but left their own proper habitation. 7] Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire.“ Three Examples (for our learning...) Israel (v.5) saved men Angels that sinned (v.6) angels Sodom & Gomorrah (v.7) unsaved men 91

Jude 5-7 The Warnings Against these men Jude issues warnings: Remember (recall what was once known but has been overlooked and forgotten) the fate of the Israelites. They had been brought in safety out of Egypt but they had never been permitted to enter the Promised Land because of their unbelief (Jd.5). The reference is to Nu13:26-33; 14:1-29. Although a man had received the grace of God, he might still lose his eternal salvation if he willingly drifts into a life of disobedience and unbelief. Some angels with the glory of heaven as their own had come to earth and corrupted mortal women with their lust (Ge 6:2); and now they were imprisoned in the abyss of darkness, awaiting judgment (Jd.6). He who rebels against God must look for judgment. The cities of Sodom and Gomorrah had given themselves over to lust and to unnatural vice, and their destruction in flames is a dreadful warning to everyone who similarly goes astray (Jd.7). 92

Jude 5-7  Remember…The Dreadful Examples The evil men who were corrupting the church did not regard themselves as enemies of the church and of Christianity; They regarded themselves as: the advanced thinkers, a cut above the ordinary Christian, the spiritual elite. Even those who have received the greatest privileges from God cannot consider themselves safe but can meet with disaster before the end if he falls away from obedience and lapses from faith. 93

Jude 5  Remember the Exodus 5] I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. Remember/Remind  To recall what was once known in the past, but has been forgotten. Lessons from Israel’s Wilderness Experience: The issue was NOT: God ability or His willingness to save Passover Lamb Red Sea Miracle Tabernacle Priesthood Offerings The issue was APOSTASY: God reserves the right to destroy the people if they become guilty of certain forms of unbelief or other sins to which unbelief leads. 94

Jude 5  Remember the Exodus 5] I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. Perish after having been saved and removed from danger: Removed from peril but yet rejecting the one who saved you. Was Israel truly saved? “My people...” (Ex 3:7; 5:1; Deut 3:29). Passover, etc. Saved in a deeper sense than just from bondage. Assurance and Safekeeping: “They shall never perish” (Jn 10:28); “...shall never thirst” (Jn 4:14). Num 14:1-2  a prayer? Num 14:28-29  prayer answered! 95

1 Corinthians 10:11 11] Now all these things happened unto them for ensample: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come. ALL that’s written in the OT on Israel is for our example…types! Nothing is extraneous. True Faith vs. outward relationship only: Egypt  World Pharaoh  Devil & his armies Moses  Deliverer: Christ Red Sea  Baptism Pillar: cloud, fire  Holy Spirit Manna  Bread of Life Water from Smitten Rock  Living Water 96

1 Corinthians 10:5 5] But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. Carcasses fell in the wilderness, not Egypt: They were out of Egypt, still short of Canaan but Egypt was not yet out of them… It was an 11-day journey from Horeb to Kadesh-Barnea (De 1:2). It took Israel 38 years!! Over a million left Egypt. (603,550 men plus their wives and children (Ex 12:37, 38:26, Nu 1:46) None returned. Only 2 Israelites over age 20 who left Egypt actually reached Canaan! Note: Canaan is NOT heaven; Jordan is NOT death. Leave behind the idolatry of Egypt Leave behind the wilderness of doubt, defeat, failures, and Enter the place of VICTORY and BLESSING ! “ Thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.”  Sardis, Rev 3:1. Lazarus: Dead. Defeated. Dangerous. 97

1 Corinthians 10:7-8 7] Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play. Idolatry: Leader is no longer visible  Golden Calf. An idol is anything we place before the Lord... “Little children, keep yourself from idols” (1Jn 5:21; 1Co 14) 8] Neither let us commit fornication, as some of them committed, and fell in one day three and twenty thousand. Uncleanness: Novels, movies, cable TV, modern music; “Ye have been called to liberty; only use not liberty for an occasion to the flesh” (Gal 5:13). [23,000: “one day” vs. Numbers 25:9 “24,000”] 98

1 Corinthians 10:9 9] Neither let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents. Tempt Christ? Psa 78:19 Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? Nu 21:5 And the people spake against God and against Moses…there is no bread…our soul loatheth this light bread. Neglect of manna is tempting the Lord! Response to ingratitude... lessons as a parent… Christ as a Brazen Serpent? (Nu 21:7-9; 2Ki 18:4; Jn 3:14,15; 2 Cor 5:21.) Aesculapius: son of Apollo; born to Alexandria; symbol is a single serpent on a cross Hermes: the double serpent (the medical profession’s symbol) is the symbol of commerce! 99

1 Corinthians 10:10 10] Neither murmur ye, as some of them also murmured, and were destroyed of the destroyer. “Neither murmur,” re: Korah, Dathan, and Abiram (Num 16:3). Never allow ourselves to become self-confident. “Let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall” (v.12). “But the fearful, unbelieving” (Rev 21:8). Php 2:13-14 For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. 14 Do all things without murmurings and disputings: 100

1 Corinthians 10:13-14 13] There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it. [14] Wherefore, my dearly beloved, flee from idolatry. 101

Hebrews 3 & 4 “Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation...” (Heb 3:7-13; Ps 95). Beware of: “an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God” (Heb 3:12). “Let us therefore fear, lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of you should seem to come short of it” (Heb 4:1). Exod 17:7 punishment x 10 102

Summary Warnings & Conclusion “ There is a sin unto death” (1 Jn 5:15). Physical death: Sickness, weakness, and death  Taking the Lord’s supper unworthily (1 Cor 11:29-30). Ananias and Sapphira (Acts 5:1-11). Eternal death: Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. (Matt 12:31, Mark 3:28; Luke 12:10 ). Rejecting His testimony and call re: Jesus Christ Cleansing is available: Israel: There was a laver in the Tabernacle. Ephesians: Washing of the water by the Word (Eph 5:26). Christian’s “Bar of Soap” (1 Jn 1:9). 103

A Final Lesson Forthcoming re: Israel Israel: God’s Timepiece Christ to take DAVID’s Throne; Israel to be trampled down by the Gentiles UNTIL the time of the Gentiles be fulfilled... God’s promise to Israel was NOT because of Israel’s faithfulness (Ezek 36:21-23). “Kingdom Now”/“Dominion” Theology: The final apostasy ??? Unbiblical heresy and anti-Semitic foundation for the “Time of Jacob’s Trouble.” This is a covert movement It has closet leadership in both charismatic and fundamental camps. Read:Isa 14; Ezek 28 (The origin, career and destiny of Satan) Gen 6 (“Sons of God and Daughters of Men”). 104

Jude 5: The Fate of Israel [Num13-14] 5] It is my purpose to remind you -- although you already possess full and final knowledge of all that matters -- that, after the Lord had brought the people out of Egypt in safety, he subsequently destroyed those who were unbelieving; God delivered the people from slavery in Egypt. The guidance of God brought the people safely across the desert to Kadesh-Barnea, on the very border of the Promised Land. Spies were sent out to survey the land before the invasion began. Except for Caleb and Joshua, the spies came back and reported the dangers ahead were so terrible and the people so strong that Israel could never defeat then and conquer their way into the Promised Land. Caleb and Joshua reported the land could be taken and were for going on The people accepted the report of those who insisted that the case was hopeless. This was a clear act of mistrust and disobedience to God, a display of complete lack of faith in Him who had already proven Himself to them over and over again. 105

Jude 5: The Fate of Israel [Num13-14] As a consequence, God pronounced their sentence. With the exception of Joshua and Caleb, none of the people over 20 years old would enter the Promised Land. They would wander in the wilderness until they were dead (Nu14:32-33; 32:10-13). This haunted the mind of Paul. (1Co10:5-11; Heb 3:18-19; 4:2). Jude warns these men that as great as their privileges have been they must continue to hold and conform to truth lest disaster come upon them. It is a warning which each of us would do well to heed. 106

Hebrew Doctrine of Angels The Jews had a highly developed doctrine of angels. They believed that: All the forces of nature, the wind and the sea and the fire and all the others, were under the control of angels. It had even been said "Every blade of grass has its angel." Every person, including every child, had its angel. Every nation had its protecting angel. Act 17:26 And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation; Deu 32:8 [LXX] When the Most High divided the nations, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the nations according to the number of the angels of God. [ αγγελων G32 θεου G2316 ] Deu 32:8 [KJV] When the most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the people according to the number of the children of Israel. [בני H1121 ישׂראל׃ H3478 ] 107

Jude 6 The Fate of the Angels 6] and that he has placed under guard in eternal chains in the abyss of darkness, to await the judgment which shall take place on the great day, the angels who did not keep their own rank but left their own proper habitation. The Jews believed in fallen angels. The idea was that there was civil war in heaven. These first angels who fell had rebelled against God and were cast out. Lucifer, the light-bringer, the son of the morning. was the leader of the rebellion. The fall of these angels was due to pride and rebelliousness. "How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning!" (Isa.14:12). When the 70 returned from their mission and told Jesus of their successes, he warned them against pride, "I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven" (Lk.10:18). 108

Jude 6 The Fate of the Angels 6] and that he has placed under guard in eternal chains in the abyss of darkness, to await the judgment which shall take place on the great day, the angels who did not keep their own rank but left their own proper habitation. These fallen angels, attracted by the beauty of mortal women, or in an attempt to thwart God’s plan or in an effort to perpetuate themselves and their kind, left heaven and seduced them and so sinned. [Ge 6:1-4]. In the first case the fall of the angels was due to pride; in the second case it was due to lust for forbidden things. Jude says that the angels left their own rank. They sought a position and office which was not for them. He also says that they left their own proper habitation. They came to earth to live with the daughters of men to pollute mankind and propagate themselves and their evil. 109

Jude 6 The Fate of the Angels 6] and that he has placed under guard in eternal chains in the abyss of darkness, to await the judgment which shall take place on the great day, the angels who did not keep their own rank but left their own proper habitation. Jude's warning is clear. Pride and lust brought ruin to the angels. Jude was speaking to his people in clear terms that they could understand. If pride and lust ruined the angels in spite of all their privileges and knowledge, pride and lust could ruin the people. The evil men within the church were proud enough to think that they knew better than the church's teaching and lustful enough to pervert the grace of God into a justification for blatant immorality. Jude's warning is still valid today. The pride which knows better than God and the desire for forbidden things are the way to ruin in time and in eternity. 110

Jude 6  3 views 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. 1) We’re not supposed to know any more than what is in this brief statement Problem: verse 6 stands between verses 5 and 7 which reference familiar Old Testament truths about which we know allot… 2) Angels having to do with the fall of Lucifer (Isa 14:12-17; Ezek 28:12-19). The Prince of Tyre  Ittiobalus (per Josephus); King of Tyre with superhuman qualities / and was in Eden !?! Different death predicted “merchandise” = to traffic; to slander  ‘Devil’ Two governing bodies are to be punished. Isa 24:21 And it shall come to pass in that day, that the LORD shall punish the host of the high ones that are on high, and the kings of the earth upon the earth. Number/Goals (Rev 12:1-6): One-third of the angels fell with him (Rev 12:4). Destiny (Mt 25:41; 12:24-27): Neither Satan’s demons nor angels are all now bound (Rev 12:9; Mt 10:8). Only, some are. Those are the ones Jude talks about. 111

Jude 6  sons of God / daughters of men 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. 3) Genesis 6:1-4 sons of God / daughters of men  The Nephilim The “sons of God” (B’nai Elohim) ‘took’ wives of the “daughters of men,” who gave birth to the “Nephilim.” The B’nai Elohim is a term that refers to angels. Occurs 4x in the Old Testament (Job 1:6; 2:1; 38:7). Is rendered “Angels of God” (B’nai Elohim) in the Septuagint (LXX) translation. The intrusion of certain angels into the human family resulted in unnatural offspring termed Nephilim, which derives from the Hebrew naphal (to fall), or the Fallen Ones (LXX: ‘gigantes’  “earthborn”; often misunderstood to mean “giants”— which they also happened to be). 112

Jude 6:  The Line of Seth ?? 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. The early church viewed the B’nai Elohim as angels up through the late 4 th century: Justin, Athenagoras, Cyprian, Eusebius, et al. (also Josephus, Philo, Judeaus, and the Apocrypha regard this traditional view). Celsus and Julian the Apostate exploited this belief to attack Christianity. Cyril of Alexandria, in his reply, repudiated the orthodox position. Julius Africanus (a contemporary of Origen, 184/185 AD– 253/254 AD) introduced the theory that the “sons of God” simply referred to the genealogical line of Seth, which was committed to preserving the true worship of God. Seemingly more appealing and politically correct, the “Sethite theory” prevailed into the Medieval Church, and many still hold this view. 113

Jude 6:  The Line of Seth ?? 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. The “Line of Seth?” view has several serious problems. There is no indication that the Sethites were distinguished for piety; they were not exempted from the charge of general wickedness which brought on the flood. Seth’s son Enosh was the one who introduced apostasy to that world. This is masked by a mistranslation of Genesis 4:25, which should read “...then men began to profane the name of the Lord.” When the faithful/righteous marry the unfaithful/unrighteous, they do not give birth to unnatural offspring! The supposed righteous line of the Seth “sons of God” and the supposed unrighteous “daughters of men” – the line of Cain - were not differentiated during the Flood. All were lost. The Nephilim didn’t completely end with the flood. Ge 6:4 says they existed, “…also after that....” Among others, we find the sons of Anak, the Anakim, later in the OT. 114

Jude 6  sons of God / daughters of men  Anakim 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Anakim The bedstead of one of the Anakim was 13 feet long (Deu 3:11). Compared to them the men of Israel were “as grasshoppers.” (Nu 13:3; Am 2:9) Israel refers to the Nephilim (fallen ones) during the conquest of Canaan. Goliath and his four brothers were sons of Anak. (2Sa 21:18-22) 2 Peter 2:4 For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell [tartarus], and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment; Tartarus = pit of darkness in the unseen world; Greek term for dark abode of woe. Homer’s Iliad: “as far below Hades as the earth is below heaven...” 115

Jude 6: sons of God – The Nature of Angels 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. There is a great deal revealed in the Bible about angels. They can appear in human form (Gen 19:5, 10, 16), They spoke as men, They physically took men by the hand, They ate men’s food (Gen 18:8; 19:3, 16). They are capable of direct physical combat death of the firstborn in Ex 12, Sodom and Gomorrah in Gen 19, and One slaughtered 85,000 troops overnight in 2 Kgs 19:35 Some are the principal forces behind the world powers (Dan 10). Angels don’t marry, at least in heaven (Mt 22:30) (neither will we) Their number is fixed – they don’t need to reproduce which is not to say given their other ‘physical’ attributes that they could not engage in sexual activity. They are powerful and capable of much mischief. 116

Jude 6  Are Demons Angels? 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Are Demons Angels? (Acts 23:9; Rev 9:1, 2,10) Not all are bound; not all are free. Demons tend to seek embodiment. — Why did they seek embodiment in a herd of 2,000 swine in Mark 5:1-20; Mt 8:28-34 ? — And why did the Lord permit it? They are aware of their destiny (Lk 8:26). Demons seem to be different from angels — if this is so, then where did the demons come from? “ Principalities, Powers...”: Shedim = “mighty ones” (Deu 32:17) Seirim = He-goats, satyrs Lilith, Tsiim, Iim... These Hebrew words are all translated “demons.” 117

Jude 6  Lessons for us 6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Scripture warns against our meddling with the spirit world. The punishment which overtook the angels that sinned emphasizes the serious nature of apostasy: Beings of a higher order than ours have been hurled down into a dark place of confinement where they have remained captive for thousands of years. God has not changed His attitude toward them; time does not mitigate the seriousness of sin. False teachers are pre-written into condemnation (1Tim 4:1). We “wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.” Our armor is well defined in Ephesians 6:10-17. 118

Jude 7  Sodom and Gomorrah 7] Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire.“ Jude uses God’s destruction by fire of Sodom and Gomorrah together with the surrounding cities, all notorious for their sexual sins as a further example. Jude 7 seems to point to the same act as Jude 6 indicating that the angels sin was to go after after “...strange flesh...” No other incident in history made such an impression on the Jewish people. Sodom and Gomorrah are used in Scripture time and time again as the examples of the sin of man and the judgment of God; they are even used this way by Jesus himself (Deu 29:23; 32:32; Amo 4:11; Is 1:9; 3:9; 13:19; Jer 23:14; 49:18; 50:40; Zep 2:9; Lam 4:6; Eze 16:46,49,53,55; Mat 10:15; 11:24; Lk 10:12; 17:29; Ro 9:29; 2Ptr 2:6; Rev 11:8). 119

Jude 7  Sodom and Gomorrah 7] Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire.“ Two angelic visitors had come to Lot in Sodom. (Ge 19:1-28). At his invitation they came into his house to be his guests. The inhabitants of Sodom surrounded the house, demanding that Lot should bring out his visitors that they could ‘know’ them. In Hebrew "to know" is the word for sexual intercourse. eg: Adam knew his wife, she conceived, and bore Cain (Ge 4:1). The men of Sodom wanted to engage in homosexual intercourse with Lot's two visitors Sodomy became the word to describe their sin. It was after the angels removed Lot and his family from Sodom and Gomorrah that they were obliterated from the face of the earth. 120

Jude 7  Sodom and Gomorrah 7] Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire.“ Sodom and Gomorrah were located in the desert region of the Dead Sea. The surrounding cities were Zoar, Admah and Zeboim (Deu 29:23; Hos11:8). The soil in this area is bituminous with oil below. In such soil, reservoirs of oil and gas are formed, and can suddenly be discharged by their own pressure or by earthquake. When the subterranean gas explodes it carries great masses of oil high into the air which fall back on the earth as a fiery rain. These fire rains could not be extinguished either on land or water. Oil floats and burns even on the surface of bodies of water. It may be that God used an eruption of fire such as this to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah. 121

Jude 7  Sodom and Gomorrah 7] Just so Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who in the same way as these took their fill of sexual sin and strayed after perverted sexual immorality, are a warning by the way in which they paid the penalty of eternal fire.“ The location of Sodom and Gomorrah is today in an awful desert on the plain of the Dead Sea; a day's walking journey from Jerusalem. Being so close, men never forgot this divine judgment on sin. Jude reminds these evil men of the fate of those who in ancient times defied the moral law of God insisting that they remember that sin and judgment go hand in hand and that they should repent in time. 122

Jude 7  7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Sodom and Gomorrah are prophetic examples of modern attitudes and actions provided for the instruction of the Church! It is prophetic of the apostasy within Christendom in the last days: “turn the grace of our God into lasciviousness” v.4 “defile the flesh” v.8 “corrupt themselves as beasts” v.10 “walk after their own lusts” v.16 Apostasy begins with intellectual doubts; it’s certain to end with physical degradation. Sodom and Gomorrah are mentioned in connection with apostasy, therefore they once had knowledge of the truth! lasciviousness  looseness; irregular indulgence of animal desires; wantonness; lustfulness. 123

Jude 7  7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Its first mention of Sodom and Gomorrah is in Ge 10:19 “...the border of the Canaanites...” Abraham and Lot’s day was only 450 years after the Flood. Shem (Noah’s son) was still alive and would be for another 50 years after Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed. 124

Jude 7  Sodom and Gomorrah 7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Archaeological notes by Dr. Melvin Grove Kyle show that at Jebel Usdum (on the southern shore of the Dead Sea) the Zoar ruins were identified, with oil and bitumen (“slime” in Ge 11:3;14:10) The other cities are believed to be under the southern Dead Sea. The Dead Sea is 40 mi long, 10 mi wide and is 1,286 ft below sea level. Water flows into it from both ends but there is no outflow. It is the terminus of the Jordan River. The northern portion is very deep — 1400 ft in places; The southern segment (10 miles long) is only 10-20 ft deep. Today it covers the “Vale of Siddim” (Ge 14:3,8,10) in which 5 cities existed: Sodom, Gomorrah, Zoar, Admah, and Zeboim. They were very prosperous; Over 1,000,000 tombs have been discovered. 125

Jude 7  Lot’s Walk 7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Lot’s Walk 1) “lifted up his eyes” attractive to flesh (Gen 13:10); 2) “chose him” all the plain of Jordan; 3) “separated himself” from Abraham (Gen 13:11), Abraham chose the heights of Hebron (“Communion”); 4) “dwelt in the cities of the plain”; 5) “pitched his tent toward Sodom” (Gen 13:12); 6) “sat in the gate” (Gen 19:1). Lot’s attempts at righteous life met with contempt (Gen 19:9). He lost his testimony completely (Gen 19:14) Last mention of Lot is “in a dark cave in misery and sin” (Gen 19:30) Lot was “righteous” but was vexed daily (2Ptr 2:7-8). 126

Jude 7  “One Righteous Man.” 7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. The First Intercessory Prayer in the Bible: Genesis 18 God seeks even “One Righteous Man” (Ezek 22:30; Jer 5:1). The Last Days to be as the Days of Lot Luke 17:28-30. “Remember Lot’s Wife” (Lk 17:32; Heb 10:38-39; Lk 9:62). “Remember Sodom” (Lk 10:32). What was going on spiritually in Sodom and Gomorrah? (Ro 1:18-32) Every man’s work to be made manifest (1 Cor 3:11-15). The heathen are accountable; “without excuse.” 127

Jude 8  Ancient Sins Reappear 8] Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion and speak evil of dignities. Old Testament examples. Thought  These heretical men envision evil dreams ‘Visionaries’, theorists, vain imaginations Deed  They defile their flesh Lust, No restraint Word  The set at nought dominion Disregard and disrespect the spiritual They speak evil of the angels (Jd.8). Rail at dignities, authority 128

Jude 8  Defile the Flesh 8] Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion and speak evil of dignities. “ Walking after their own lusts” (2 Pet 3:3) listed in Gal 5:19-20. “ Out of the heart...defile a man” (Mt 15:19,20). Every headline in America chronicles a renewed outbreak of ancient sins. Rom 1:18-32: They once knew God—failed to glorify Him— vain in their reasoning—hearts darkened. God gives them up to uncleanness, vile affections, a reprobate mind (Jn 12:39,40). 129

Jude 8  Remember Lot’s Wife. 8] Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion and speak evil of dignities. Set At Nought Dominion “ Denying our only Master and Lord” (v.4); “ No man can say...but by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 12:3); “ Every knee shall bend” (Phil 2:10,11). “ New” social order: Kingdom Now: - Not the people of the world; - “crept into”; - Doctrines of Demons (1 Tim 4:1). 130

Jude 8  Rail at Dignitaries 8] Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion and speak evil of dignities. “Rail” = speak evil, revile (vv.9,10); speaking in judgment of authority... Satan = “Accuser of the Brethren” (Rev 12:10). We are doing Satan’s job every time we open our mouths against the Lord’s chosen vessels? The ultimate ‘Dignitary’: Our Lord Jesus Christ! 131

Jude 8: Rail at Dignities; Angels It is said these Heretics "reject authority, and revile the glorious ones" (Jd.8). The words "authority" and "glorious ones" describe ranks in the Jewish hierarchy of angels. Jude 9 references a story in the extra-Biblical book titled, “The Assumption of Moses”. It says Michael was given the task of burying the body of Moses. The devil tried to stop him and claim the body. When confronted by Satan, Michael made no charge against the devil and said nothing against him but rather invoked the name and power of the Lord against Satan. Michael said, "The Lord rebuke you!" If Michael, the arch-angel, would say nothing against the prince of evil angels, clearly no man should speak ill of the angels. 132

Rail at Angels Clearly the heretics had attacked the angels in some manner. They may have claimed that the angels, as creations of the past, were the servants of the ignorant and hostile creator God of the Old Testament and that Christian’s must have nothing to do with them. We cannot be certain of what lies behind this charge because Jude does not go into specifics. But, it is clear that to their other errors, the heretics added the despising of the angels and to Jude this was an evil thing. 133

Jude 8  Contempt for the Angels 8] In the same way these, too, with their dreams, defile the flesh, and set at naught the celestial powers, and speak evil of the angelic glories. Jude begins this passage by comparing the evil men with the false prophets whom Scripture condemns. Deu13:1-5 sets down what is to be done with "the prophet or the dreamer of dreams" who corrupts the nations and seduces the people, from their loyalty to God. Such a prophet is to be mercilessly killed. These men whom Jude attacks are false prophets, dreamers of false dreams, seducers of the people, and must be treated as such. 134

Jude 8  Contempt for the Angels 8] In the same way these, too, with their dreams, defile the flesh, and set at naught the celestial powers, and speak evil of the angelic glories. Their false teaching led them to defile the flesh. Error 1: The flesh was entirely evil, therefore, of no importance. The instincts of the body could be given their way without control. Error 2: The grace of God was all-forgiving and all-sufficient and therefore, sin did not matter since grace would forgive every sin. Error 3: Sin was only the means whereby grace was given its opportunity to operate. Claimed: Much, continual sin  Much, continual grace They despised angels. Celestial powers and angelic glories are names for ranks of angels within the angelic hierarchy. This follows immediately after the citing of Sodom and Gomorrah as dreadful examples; the sin of Sodom was the desire of its people to misuse its angelic visitors (Gen.19:1-11). The men Jude attacks spoke evil of the angels. 135

Caveats Acts 17:11 Slide 136 These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they: received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, to prove whether those things were so. Jude frequently quotes extra-Biblical sources. By so doing Jude is nor approving of them as a whole nor is he in any way validating those sources. He is simply referencing a story, a tradition, or a source that his readers were familiar with as an example in order to make a point. Avoid the logical fallacy of Asserting the Consequent: – If A, then B; B is true; therefore A is true. If it is raining, the street is wet. The street is wet, therefore, it must be raining. This ignores a possible alternative: a street cleaning machine just went by. – Jude is in the Bible. The Bible is true. Jude quotes another book, therefore, the other book must be true. The external source and its story may be based on truth, it may be unreliable and erroneous or both Jude and the external source he references may both be quoting a third source which has since been lost.

Caveats Acts 17:11 Slide 137 These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they: received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, to prove whether those things were so. Jude 9 refers to The Assumption of Moses; Jude 14-15 refer to The Book of Enoch. Jude neither verifies that everything in The Assumption of Moses is true nor does he verify that everything in The Book of Enoch is true. Paul quotes Greek pagan poets and philosophers of Crete (Titus 1:12-13) and Athens (Acts 17:28). This does not mean they were approving or that they authenticated these apocryphal books as being Scripture; They simply made reference to certain elements in the apocryphal books that may have contained ostensible truths.

Jude 9  Dispute Over the Body of Moses 9] When the archangel Michael himself was disputing with the devil about the body of Moses, he did not venture to launch against him an evil- speaking accusation, but said, `The Lord rebuke you!'" Jude cites an incident from "The Assumption of Moses." Jude often takes quotations from the apocryphal books which were widely used at the time Jude was writing. The quotations would have been familiar and effective. The Biblical story of the death of Moses is told in Deut.34:1-6. "The Assumption of Moses“ adds to the story that : The task of burying Moses body was given to the archangel Michael. The devil disputed with Michael for possession of the body. He based his claim on two grounds: Moses' body was matter; matter was evil; and, therefore, the body belonged to him, for matter was his domain. Moses was a murderer, for had not he slain the Egyptian whom he saw smiting the Hebrew (Exo.2:11-12). If he was a murderer, the devil had a claim on his body. 138

Jude 9  Dispute Over the Body of Moses 9] When the archangel Michael himself was disputing with the devil about the body of Moses, he did not venture to launch against him an evil-speaking accusation, but said, `The Lord rebuke you!'“ What the men Jude is attacking were saying about the angels we do not know: Perhaps they were saying that they did not exist; Perhaps they were saying they were evil. The point Jude is making is this: Michael was engaged in carrying out a God given task. The devil was seeking to stop him and was making claims he had no right to make. Even in those circumstances Michael spoke no evil of the devil but simply said, "The Lord rebuke you!" If the greatest of the good angels refused to speak evil of the greatest of the evil angels, even in circumstances like that, surely no human being may speak evil of any angel. 139

Jude 9  Michael vs. Satan Over the Body of Moses 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. It is almost impossible to find a sermon or article on this strange dispute between the chief of the holy angels and the chief of the wicked spirits. “ Speak evil of no man” (Titus 3:2) 140

Jude 9  Railing judgment is important 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Two mighty angels disputed over the body of a creature of a lower order than they: the angel who was faithful to his Creator said nothing against his evil opponent... even though he himself was doing the work of God in obedience to a divine command, and... even though the Devil who opposed him was seeking to thwart God’s purposes! 141

Jude 9  Other “New” Revelations Given by Allusion 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Jude: Prophecy of Enoch v.14-15 Peter: Noah as a preacher of righteousness 2 Pet 2:5 Paul: Words of Christ not in Gospels Acts 20:35 “More blessed to give than receive” Names of the two magicians in Egypt 2 Tim 3:8 James: Elijah prayed to stop rain for 3½ years 1Kgs 17:1; 18:1 Is there a link between the long drought in Ahab’s reign to the prayers of the prophet Jas 5:17 Stephen:“another Pharaoh” heteros, not allos; Another of a different kind not Another of the same kind. Moses learned wisdom of Egyptians Acts 7 142

Jude 9  Michael the archangel 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Michael = “who is unto like God?” (vs. Satan = “Adversary.”) Archangel: “Chief Angel”; always in the singular: only one. “one of the chief princes” Dan 10:13  “the first of the Chief Princes.” Assigned to defeat Satan’s purpose against God’s people: Israel Dan 10:13,21 First mention is Daniel 10:13: After 3 weeks of prayer, fasting, and delay, Michael assists (Eph 6:12) Active during the Time of Jacob’s Trouble Dn 12:1; Rv 12:7-9 143

Jude 9  Why the dispute over Moses body? 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Numbers 21:5-10 1)Fetish Risk? The potential of being worshipped (Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, IV:8:49). Satan’s goal is deception and false worship (Beast “wounded to death” in Rev 13:3,4); Veneration of Prophet (Deut 18:15,19). The Brazen Serpent and King Hezekiah’s reform — 640 years later (2 Kgs 18:4). 144

Jude 9  Why the dispute over Moses body? 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. 2) Future Role? Future Roles: Moses and Elijah Three were expected in John 1:20-21: Messiah; Elijah (confusion in Mt 11:14; 17:10,11); John the Baptist NOT Elijah (Jn 1:21; Mt 17:11); Moses (Deut 18:15-18). Two “unfinished” ministries: Moses (died ? Deu 34:5) superseded by Joshua (Num 20:7-12 vs. Ex 17); Elijah superseded by Elisha (1Kg19:13-16 @ Horeb; 2Kg 2:11) [Elijah, 8 miracles; Elisha, 16 = double portion.] 145

Jude 9  Why the dispute over Moses body? 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Two Witnesses of Revelation 11 Identified Gifts: Elijah: Fire from Heaven (1Kg 18:36,37 @ Carmel); 2Kg 1:10,12 (2X!); Shut heaven from rain (1Kg 17:1; Jas 5:17; cf. Lk 4:25); Moses: Water to blood (Ex 7:19); All manner of plagues (Ex 8-12). Why not Enoch? Heb 9:27 And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: vs. Lazarus, Jairus’ daughter, widow of Nain’s son...] Enoch was a Gentile! 146

Jude 9  Why the dispute over Moses body? 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. Matthew 17 “Staff Meeting”  Jesus spoke of: His Crucifixion (Lk 9:31); His Sufferings and Glory (1 Pet 1:10-12); and His Second Coming (2 Pet 1:15-18). “ Wetmore Hypothesis”: This mountain is the same location as Moses’ sepulchre and Elijah’s departure? Elijah’s translation across Jordan, east of Jericho (2Kgs 2:1-14); Moses’ sepulcher at Beth-Peor, at the base of Mt Nebo (Deut 34:1,6); The Transfiguration was not in Galilee ?? (Mk 9:30). Could it be the same mountain? (Mt 17:20). 147

Jude 9  Conclusions !!! 9] Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. The example of Michael is a serious warning against speaking of, complaining about, criticizing, or publically judging: God’s people and messengers Those who God has put in authority Institutions which honor the Lord and are honored by Him; Words such as these point to falling away from the teaching of the Bible rather than submissioin to them. Contending for the faith is one thing (v. 3), Being contentious is another (Titus 3:9). “The Lord rebuke thee, O Satan...” (Zech 3:2). Michael’s words were restricted to his adversary alone. If words are publicized, no one can tell how far they will go, how twisted they will become, or what harm they will ultimately do. 148

Jude 10-11 The Evil Life These evil men condemned everything they did not understand. Spiritual things were beyond their understanding. They did understand their fleshly instincts and allowed themselves to be governed by them as the brute beasts do (Jd.10). They are like Cain, the cynical, selfish murderer; (My way…) They are like Balaam, whose one desire was for gain and who led the people into sin; (My comfort, ease …) They are like Korah, who rebelled against the legitimate authority of Moses and was swallowed up by the earth for his arrogant disobedience (Jd.11). (My control…) 149

Jude 10: Like Creatures Without Reason 10 But these men revile (scoff and sneer at) anything they do not happen to be acquainted with and do not understand; and whatever they do understand physically [that which they know by mere instinct], like irrational beasts – by these they corrupt themselves and are destroyed (perish). [AMP] Michael, although dealing with Satan himself, and possessing a more perfect knowledge than ours, dared not to speak in judgment. “But these men rail at whatsoever thing they know not.” An apostate does not hesitate to speak out in condemnation concerning matters about which he does not know enough to make him a judge over others. “ Rail” = Gk root: blasphemeo  to “vilify”, “speak reproachfully” or “calumniate.” transliterates “blaspheme” 150

Jude 10: Like Creatures Without Reason 10But these men revile (scoff and sneer at) anything they do not happen to be acquainted with and do not understand; and whatever they do understand physically [that which they know by mere instinct], like irrational beasts – by these they corrupt themselves and are destroyed (perish). [AMP] What are the “things they know not” (Rev 13:6; 1Ptr 3:16; 2Ptr 2:12) Two words for “knowing”: epistao = perception by animal senses and faculties oida = deeper knowledge Unreasoning beasts have a knowledge of the natural world, but only a superficial, if any, understanding of it 151

Jude 10: Like Creatures Without Reason 10But these men revile (scoff and sneer at) anything they do not happen to be acquainted with and do not understand; and whatever they do understand physically [that which they know by mere instinct], like irrational beasts – by these they corrupt themselves and are destroyed (perish). [AMP] Marks of apostasy, in v10, in reverse order (vs. v8). v.8: “defile” = to dye, or stain v.10: “corrupted” = spoiled, or ruined (cf. Eph 4:22) The apostate: limits himself to mere natural knowledge, rails at the truth, and finally perishes eternally in his own corruption. 152

Jude 10  The Gospel of the Flesh "But these people speak evil of everything which they do not understand, whereas they allow themselves to be corrupted by the knowledge which their instincts give them, living at the mercy of their instincts, like beasts without reason." Jude says that the evil men whom he is attacking: 1] Criticize everything which they do not understand. Anything which is out of their orbit and their experience they disregard as worthless and irrelevant. "Spiritual things are spiritually discerned" (1Cor.2:14). They have no spiritual discernment, and, therefore, they are blind to, and contemptuous of, all spiritual realities. 153

Jude 10  The Gospel of the Flesh "But these people speak evil of everything which they do not understand, whereas they allow themselves to be corrupted by the knowledge which their instincts give them, living at the mercy of their instincts, like beasts without reason." Jude says that the evil men whom he is attacking: 2] Allow themselves to be corrupted by the things they do understand. What they do understand are the fleshly instincts which they share with the brute beasts. Their way of life is to allow these instincts to have their way; Their values are fleshly values. Jude describes men who have lost all awareness of spiritual things and for whom the things demanded by the animal instincts are the only standards. 154

Jude 10  The Gospel of the Flesh "But these people speak evil of everything which they do not understand, whereas they allow themselves to be corrupted by the knowledge which their instincts give them, living at the mercy of their instincts, like beasts without reason.“ Man loses any faculty that he does not or that he refuses to use. No man is born without a sense of the spiritual things but that sense can be abused until for him the spiritual things cease to exist. Every man can hear the voice of God; and every man has the animal instincts on which the future existence of the race depends. But, if he consistently refuses to listen to God and makes his instincts the sole dynamic of his conduct, in the end he will be unable to hear the voice of God and will have nothing left to be his master but his brute desires. It is a terrible thing for a man to reach a stage where he is deaf to God and blind to goodness. That is the stage which the men whom Jude attacks had reached. 155

Jude 11  The Heart of the Matter 11] Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core. This verse is the heart of the epistle’s structure. It is situated midway between illustrations from the supernatural realm (v.9) and from the natural realm (v.12,13). It is preceded by apostasy in history, and It is followed by apostasy in prophecy. This verse supplements previous examples with personal, individual examples. 156

Jude 11  The Path to Apostasy 11] Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core. Apostasy is not confined to one class of person: Cain a tiller of the soil - Pride Balaam a prophet - Greed Korah a prince in Israel - Rebellion All three examples are in the past tense: they have gone…they ran greedily…they have already perished. Individually, each speaks of a particular aspect of what it means to fall away from the truth; collectively, they present a complete process: 1. they enter upon a wrong path; 2. they run riotously down that path; 3. finally, they perish at its end. 157

Jude 11  Apostate’s fate 11] Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core. Literal rendering: “…in the way of Cain they went away, and in the wandering of Balaam for reward they rushed headlong, and in the rebellion of Korah they perished.” There is no hope for apostates to be found in all of Jude. Their doom is sure, the blackness of darkness forever (Heb 6:4-6). Once they paid attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons, believing the hypocrisy of liars, their consciences were seared as with a branding iron (1Tim 4:1-2), they turned from the truth (Jn 14:6). They knowingly chose:the way of Cain for the way of Christ; the error of Balaam for the truth of Christ; the perishing of Korah for the life of Christ. Like the sow of 2Ptr 2:20-22, after being washed and made clean, they returned to the mud wallow they were saved from. Like the swine of Mk 5:13, they run violently down a steep place into God’s wrath and destruction. 158

Jude 11  The Way of Cain 11] Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God. Jude goes to Hebrew history for parallels to the wicked men of his day. 1] In Hebrew tradition Cain stood for two things: (a) Murder; a killer (Gen.4:1-15). Jude implys that those who lead others into delusion are no better than murderers of the souls of men and, therefore, the spiritual descendants of Cain. (b) A selfish, cynical man. To the Hebrew thinkers Cain was the cynical, materialistic unbeliever who neither believed in or obeyed God or the moral order of the world. He was one who did exactly as he liked. The man who chooses to sin must still face God and will learn, with pain and sometimes with tragedy, that no man can defy God’s moral order for the world with impunity. 159

The Way of Cain Proverbs 14:12; 16:25 There is a way that seemeth right unto a man, but the end thereof are the ways of death. Pride  substituting self will disregarding for God’s know will Genesis 4:1-7...Abel, a sacrifice by faith (Heb 11:4); Men were not to touch animals for food: That was not permitted until after the flood. Why were they raising sheep? Clothing? Offerings? “Faith comes by hearing...” (Rom 10:3). Levitical concepts are introduced in Gen 3:21 — the need for being covered by the innocent blood of a substitute (Gen 22); “without the shedding of blood there is no remission” (Heb 9:22). 160

What was Cain’s Mistake? He did not deny the existence of God; He did not refuse to worship Him; But, he failed to satisfy God by approaching Him on the revealed basis of vicarious atonement that God had demanded Cain way was a sacrifice of works, setting aside God’s Word. Our “Way of Cain”: To blaspheme God by declaring His Salvation incomplete by attempting to add to it! Doctrine is important (cf. universalist, pantheists, etc.). There are two gates: the broad and the narrow (Mt 7:13-14). God has no road widening projects …no detours…no alternate routes Is your gate popular (broad)? 161

Jude 11  The Error of Balaam 11] Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God. In Old Testament thought, in Jewish teaching and even in the New Testament (Rev.2:14) Balaam is the great example of those who taught Israel to sin. In the Old Testament there are two stories about him. In Num 22-24 Balak tried to persuade Balaam to curse the people of Israel Balak feared their military power. Balaam refused to be persuaded by Balak 5 times he offered Balaam larger rewards. Balaam’s covetousness of Balak’s bribe stands out. Only the fear of what God would do to him kept him from striking a dreadful bargain. 162

Jude 11  The Error of Balaam 11] Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God. The 2 nd story (Num 25) is more shadowy, much more terrible; and left its mark on Hebrew thought and teaching. Israel is seduced into the worship of Baal with dreadful and repulsive moral consequences. It was Balaam who was responsible for the plan that led to that seduction. He perished miserably because he taught others to sin. (Num 31:8,16), Greed  Selling God’s gift and ministry for personal gain, even if it means leading others into sinning. 163

Jude 11  The Error of Balaam natural reasoning justifying lustful deeds “Doctrine of Balaam” (Rev 2:14): Spiritual unchastity; marriage with the world. Sacrificing of eternal riches for temporal gain. Lust for the “pleasures of sin for a season”; Greed for the “treasures of Egypt” (Heb 11:25; Mk 8:36). Demas: “Having loved this present world” (2 Tim 4:10). … lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God (2 Tim 3:1-9). “Way of Balaam” (2 Pet 2:15): A Hireling = making a “market” for God’s gift or personal gain and profit. Balaam: a prophet greedy for gold, Hired by the enemies of the people of God to curse them; Warned not to by God (Num 22:12). Not satisfied with this answer, he makes a further request to go, Given permission but is not allowed to utter anything but blessings. 164

Jude 11  The Error of Balaam Deprived of rewards promised by Balak, King of Moab, Balaam’s covetous heart conceived an evil thought: He counseled Balak to have the women of Midian and Moab tempt the Israelites and cause them to sin God would then have to punish His people: Balak’s purpose would be served Balaam would be rich. The seduction worked (Num 25:2,3; 31:16). Balaam took the way of Cain, lived riotously afterward, Balaam perished miserably with the enemies of God. (Jos 13:22) Moses’ summary (Deu 23:3-5) 3 No Ammonite or Moabite shall enter the assembly of the LORD; none of their descendants, even to the tenth generation, shall ever enter the assembly of the LORD, 4 because they did not meet you with food and water on the way when you came out of Egypt, and because they hired against you Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse you. 5 "Nevertheless, the LORD your God was not willing to listen to Balaam, but the LORD your God turned the curse into a blessing for you because the LORD your God loves you. 165

Jude 11  The Error of Balaam 11] Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God. Balaam stands for the covetous man who was prepared to sin in order to gain reward. Balaam represents the evil man who was guilty of entrapping and teaching others to sin.  To sin is bad  To sin for the sake of gain is worse  But to teach another to sin is the worst of all. Jude is declaring that the wicked men of his own day have left the way of righteousness to make gain; and that they are teaching others to sin. 166

Jude 11  The Rebellion of Korah 11] Woe to them because they walk in the way of Cain; they fling themselves into the error of Balaam; they perish in Korah's opposition to God. The sin of Korah was that he rebelled against Moses when the sons of Aaron and the tribe of Levi were made the priests in Israel. (Nu16:1-35) Karah was not willing to accept that decision. He wished to exercise a function and authority which he had no right to exercise. When he did, he and all his companions in his wickedness, perished. Korah stands for the man who refuses to accept authority and reaches out for things which he has no right to have – rebellion. Jude is charging his opponents with defying the legitimate authority of the church, preferring and demanding their own way over the way of God. 167

Jude 11  The Rebellion of Korah “Gainsaying”: Gr. antilogia = “against the word.” Rebellion  My way, not God’s way. Causing dissention leading discord against God’s appointed leaders and will. Korah was a Levite and a cousin to Moses (Ex 6:18-21). Under his leadership, Korah and his associates, Dathan and Abiram, rejected God’s appointed mediator As a result...they went down alive into the pit (Nu 16:1-31). They rebelled against the type of Christ (Heb 3); They dared to think “all are holy” (Num 16:3): all are sons of God? (Gen 3:5); is a God appointed mediator needed? (Jn 14:6); was the Cross unnecessary? (Mt 26:36-44); Woe to the Apostates (Lk 10:1-16). 168

Jude 12-13  Word Pictures 12] These are spots in your feats of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots; 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. Five Word Pictures Selected and assembled in a definite order (craftsmanship!) Hidden rocks  Unseen danger Waterless clouds  False promise Autumnal trees  Barren profession Raging waves  Wasted effort Wandering stars  Aimless course 169

The Coming Grand Apostasy (2Th 2:10-12) [10] And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. [11] And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: [12] That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness. 170

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks that Wreck the Love Feast 12] These people are hidden rocks which threaten to wreck your Love Feasts. … Hidden Rocks Unknown reefs below the surface of the ocean, threatening safe navigation (known rocks less of a problem...!) Agape feasts; abuses rebuked (1 Cor 11:21); Some began to “pasture” themselves. The evil men were a peril to the Love Feasts. The Love Feast, the "Agape“, was one of the earliest features of the Church. 171

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks that Wreck the Love Feast 12] These people are hidden rocks which threaten to wreck your Love Feasts. … The Love Feast, the "Agape," was a meal of fellowship held on the Lord's Day. Each little house church would sit down on the Lord's Day to eat in fellowship together. Everyone brought what he could, and all shared alike. A Pot Luck meal… There were some who could bring much and others who could bring only little. For many of the slaves it was perhaps the only decent meal they ever ate. Very soon the "Agape" began to go wrong. 172

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks that Wreck the Love Feast 12] These are spots [hidden rocks] in your feats of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots; The Love Feast, the "Agape”, was going wrong in the church at Corinth At the Corinthian Love Feasts there is nothing but division. They divided into cliques and sections; some had too much, others had little or nothing, for some the meal had become a drunken revelry. (1Co 11:17-22). Instead of sharing, wicked men kept to their own clique and kept to themselves all they had. They fed their own selfish lusts – contributed nothing – became worthless waste Unless the "Agape" is a true fellowship, it was a travesty. 173

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks, Blemishes, Blots and Spots 12] These people are hidden rocks which threaten to wreck your Love Feasts. … Jude's opponents were making a travesty of the Love Feasts. The RSV says that he calls them "blemishes on your love feasts" (Jd 12). That agrees with the parallel passage in 2 Peter -- "blots and blemishes" (2Ptr 2:13). 2 Peter uses the word "spilos“: unquestionably meaning ‘blot or spot’ In Jude the word used is "spilas“: it is very rarely used. In later Greek it could be used for the spots and markings on an opal stone so it could mean a ‘blot’ Its most common meaning in ordinary Greek was ‘a submerged, or half-submerged, rock on which a ship could be easily ship- wrecked’. 174

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks that Wreck the Love Feast 12] These are spots [hidden rocks] in your feats of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots; Barclay translates the phrase: "They have no feeling of responsibility for anyone except themselves." The Greek literally means "shepherding or pasturing themselves" The duty of a Church leader to shepherd the flock of God (Ac.20:28). False shepherds cared more for themselves than for the sheep which were supposed to be in their care. "As I live, says the Lord God, because my sheep have become a prey and my sheep have become food for all the wild beasts, since there was no shepherd; and because my shepherds have not searched for my sheep, but the shepherds have fed themselves, and have not fed my sheep.... Behold I am against the shepherds; and I will require my sheep at their hand, and put a stop to their feeding the sheep" (Eze.34:8-10). Jude condemns the selfishness which destroys fellowship and the lack of the sense of responsibility for others. 175

Jude 12  Hidden Rocks that Wreck the Love Feast 12] These people are hidden rocks which threaten to wreck your Love Feasts. … In the Love Feast people were very close together in heart and there was the kiss of peace. The wicked men were using the Love Feasts as a cover to gratify their lusts. These men were like sunken rocks on which the fellowship of the Love Feasts was in danger of being wrecked. It is an evil thing for men to enter into the church and uses its opportunities for fellowship for their own perverted ends. 176

Jude 12  Clouds Without Water 12] …They are clouds which drop no water but are blown past by the wind. They are fruitless trees in autumn's harvest time, twice dead and torn up by the roots. Deceit and discouragement = thirsty (Prov 25:14); Opposite of Luke 12:54. “Without water” = “dry places” where evil spirits said to wander (Mt 12:43). “Carried aside by winds”: winds = ruach (OT) = pneuma (NT) (Jn 3:8); bondslaves to Satan (Rom 6:16). A cloud cannot go where it pleases, but must go where the winds carry it! 177

Jude 12  Dead Trees at Harvest 12] … They are fruitless trees in autumn's harvest time, twice dead and torn up by the roots. Autumn Trees Gr. “autumn” + “to wane” = Late Autumn Trees (fruitless). Harvest is ripe: Believers to be gathered in His barn (Mt 13:30); Others are rooted up (Mt 15:13) and transgressors rooted out (Prov 2:22). “Twice Dead”: Dead to the fruit of profession (1 Tim 5:6); Dead to the root of possession = second death (Rev 20:14). Contrast trees planted by rivers of water (Ps 1:3; Jer 17:7,8). 178

Jude 12  Clouds Without Water / Dead Trees 12] …They are clouds which drop no water but are blown past by the wind. They are fruitless trees in autumn's harvest time, twice dead and torn up by the roots. These phrases describe people who make great claims but are essentially useless; empty clouds and fruitless trees Promise without performance is useless. The Jesus condemned ‘uselessness’ severely. No amount of outward show or fine words will take the place of usefulness to others. "If a man is not good for something, he is good for nothing." 179

Jude 13  Wild Waves 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. Wild Waves They are like wild sea waves frothing out their own shameless deeds. Sea = People who do not know God (Isa 57:20,21). God has imposed limits on the sea (Ps 104:9): Nothing shall hurt you (Lk 10:19); All to account to His glory (1 Pet 2:12). He rules and stills the sea (Ps 89:9); He rebuked the sea (Mt 8:26); “there was no more sea” (Rev 21:1). 180

Jude 13  Wild Waves 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. After a storm, when the waves have been lashing the shore with their frothing spray and their spume, there is always a fringe of seaweed, driftwood, and all kinds of unsightly litter from the sea. When the Dead Sea was whipped up into raging waves, the driftwood and flotsam washed up and left on the shore was so impregnated with salt that it was stripped of its bark and bleached. Cast up on the shore it gleamed bleak and white and looked more like dried and bleached bones than wood. The ugly deeds of these wicked men was like useless and unsightly litter, skeleton-like relics, the Dead Sea waves left scattered on the beach after a storm. 181

Jude 13  Wandering Stars 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. The wicked men are like the wandering stars that are kept in the abyss of darkness for their disobedience. Wandering Stars Meteorite: Illumination derived; flashes brilliantly for a very brief time. Stars in orbits ordained by their Creator (Judg 5:20) or destined for the blackness of (outer) darkness forever (Mt 8:12). Black holes: no light, draw all into it, time nonexistent, no escape 182

Jude 13  Wandering Stars 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. In the Scripture the angels are sometimes identified as stars. In Book of Enoch there is a picture of the fate of the stars who, disobedient to God, left their appointed orbit, were bound and destroyed. Jude quotes a prophecy taken from Enoch. "And behold! He cometh with ten thousands of his holy ones to execute judgment upon all, and to destroy all the ungodly; and to convict all flesh of all the works of their ungodliness which they have ungodly committed, and of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against him" (Enoch 1:9). 183

Jude 13  Wandering Stars 13] Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever. In the days of Jude (and of Jesus), The Book of Enoch was a very popular book which every pious Jew would know and read. Ordinarily, when the New Testament writers wish to confirm their words, they do so with a quotation from the Old Testament, using it as the word of God. Jude, a pious Jew, obviously knew and loved the Book of Enoch. He grew up in a society where it was regarded with respect. He knew his readers would recognize it and respect it. It should not surprise us that he quotes it. Jude is simply doing what the New Testament writers, as every writer must in every age must do - speak to men in language which they will recognize and understand. Paul quoted Greek poets on Mars Hill. Jesus quoted colloquial proverbs… 184

Jude 12-13  Contrasts Observe the craftsmanship of the Holy Spirit! Contrast With Our Lord Hidden rock threatening shipwreck  Rock of Our Salvation Clouds with no blessing  Comes With Clouds Trees of death  Tree of Life Restless troubled sea  Leads Beside Still Waters Wandering stars in darkness  Bright and Morning Star Contrast With True Believers Dangerous Rocks  Living Stones 1 Pet 2:5 Waterless Clouds  Sources of Living Water Jn 7:38 Dead Trees  Trees of Righteousness Isa 61:3 Raging Waves  Peace like a River... Isa 48:18 Wandering Stars  Shine as Stars forever Dan 12:3 185

Jude 13  The Evil Life The evil men that Jude and Peter (2 Ptr 2) stand against: are like the hidden rocks on which a ship may founder; have their own clique in which they consort with people like themselves, and thus destroy Christian fellowship; deceive others with their promises, like clouds which promise the longed-for rain and then pass over the sky; are like fruitless and rootless trees, which have no harvest of good fruit; are like the foaming spray of the waves casting sea-weed and the wreckage on the beaches, while they foam out shameless deeds; are like disobedient stars who refuse to keep their appointed orbit and are doomed to the dark (Jd.13). 186

Jude 14-15  The Prophecy of Enoch 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. Before the Flood we know of cities, cattle raising, fine arts, music, metal works, education, and manufacturing (Ge 4:17-22). If it were not for Jude, we would know practically nothing about prophecy before the flood. Words similar to Jude’s appear in the apocryphal Book of Enoch, which is a patchwork of fanciful and unscriptural material. 187

Examples of “New Information” by Way of Allusions Jude: Michael’s dispute over body of Moses Jude 9 Peter: Noah as a preacher of righteousness 2 Pet 2:5 Paul: Names of the two magicians in Egypt 2 Tim 3:8 Words of Christ not in Gospels Acts 20:35 James: Elijah prayed to stop rain for 3 ½ yrs Jas 5:17 Enoch: “Seventh from Adam.” Adam, Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch (vs. another Enoch, son of Cain in Ge 4:17) “Then men began to profane the name of the Lord” (Gen 4:26). -“Call something by the name of the Lord...” -Targum of Onkelos: “...desisted from praying in the name...” -Targum of Jonathan: “Surnamed their idols in the name...” -Kimchi, Rashi, & other ancient Jewish commentators agree -Jerome indicated this opinion of many Jews of his day. -Maimonides, Commentary on the Mishna (a constituent part of the Talmud), AD 1168, ascribes the origin of idolatry to the days of Enos. 188

Jude 14-15  Enoch 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. Enoch walked with God “by Faith” (Heb 11:5). This was not a casual stroll (Ge 5:22 continues in v.24: 300 years later!). Agreement; surrender, witness (Amos 3:3) This privilege is available today! (Col 2:6; Ga 5:25; 2Co 5:7). Enoch was translated midway between Adam and Abraham; Elijah, midway between Abraham and Christ; Both of them ministered in times of deep apostasy. 189

Jude 14-15  Prophesy of Enoch 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. Enoch’s earliest prophecy was not these words in Jude but was the name of his son (Noah’s grandfather): Methuselah: Muth = “to die” (125 times in OT; 8X in Gen 5) Shalak = “to send forth” (60X: send judgment on the earth, plagues of Egypt, famine, fire, prophetic pestilence, etc.) Enoch “walked with God” after he begat Methuselah (Gen 5:21-24). He received the revelation of God’s judgment... named his son appropriately... became a prophet by preaching the warning… Methuselah’s life becomes a model of grace and longsuffering: he is the oldest man in the Bible (969 years — Gen 5:27). God is not willing that any perish (2 Pet 3:8,9). 190

Jude 14-15  14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. Four Facts Emphasized by Enoch’s Prophecy 1) We know the Lord’s coming is sure; 2) We know who will accompany the Lord; 3) We know the purpose of His coming; 4) We know the result of the Lord’s coming. 191

Jude 14-15  The Lord’s Coming is Sure 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. We have the assurance of the past tense (Rev 19:11-14). God’s prophecy is God’s promise. Like history, nothing can change it. He is “able to subdue all things to Himself” (Phil 3:21). Prophecy is History future… 192

Jude 14-15  Who Will Accompany the Lord 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. He will come “with His holy myriads”: “myriads” in other passages (Zec 14:5; Rv 19:14; Dn 7:10). Moses: ten thousands of “holy ones” (Deut 3:2) = Angels (Acts 7:53; Gal 3:19). Christ’s return: “All the holy angels” (Mt 25:31); Believers (Col 3:4; 1 Thes 3:13); “we shall judge angels” (1 Cor 6:2,3). 193

Jude 14-15  The Purpose of His Coming 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. First and last prophecy (Rev 22:20) given through a man focuses on Jesus 2 nd Coming in judgment. He will come to bring judgment (krisis) (Heb 9:26-28). “krisis” of Sodom (Lk 10:14); “ a certain fearful looking for krisis” (Heb 10:27); “ the day of krisis...of ungodly men” (2 Pet 3:7). No believer will ever come into ‘krisis’ (Jn 5:24); A different word is used for the judgment of the believer: ‘bema’ (Ro 14:10; 2Co 5:10)  rewards; not wrath or punishment 194

Jude 14-15  The Purpose of His Coming 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. “ All”: Who will be judged? He cometh to judge the earth (Ps 96:13)....all nations (Joel 3:12; Mt 25:32)....with their cities (Mt 11:22; 12:41)....every man, living or dead (2 Tim 4:1; 2 Thes 1:7-9)....fallen angels (v.6) et al. (Isa 24:21)....and demons (Mt 8:29). Who will be this judge? “The Father judgeth no man, but hath com-mitted all judgment to the Son” (Jn 5:22) “...according to truth...deeds... My gospel” (Rom 2:2,6,16). 195

Jude 14-15  The Result of the Lord’s Coming 14] And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints; 15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. All the ungodly will be convicted of all their works of ungodliness... Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire (Mt 25:31-46); books opened...according to their works (Rev 20:11-15); heavens and earth reserved unto fire... (2 Pet 3:7)...which they have ungodly wrought. He looks at the heart (1Sa 16:7)...hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him...every idle word which men shall speak (Mt 12:36). 196

Rapture Models in the Old Testament Enoch’s translation before promised judgment (cf. Noah’s Ark, preserved through judgment. Lot’s deliverance from Sodom prior to judgment). Daniel’s fiery furnace: WHERE WAS DANIEL? (Dan 3). Israel and the Church are “mutually exclusive” (Dan 9). Ruth at Boaz’s feet during the threshing floor scene (Ruth 3). Explicit in Isaiah 26:19-21; Zephaniah 2:3. 197

Occurrences of “Dispensational Breaks” Book Gap Evident 1) Gen 1: 1-2 * 2) Ps 22: 21-22 * 3) Ps 118 middle v.22 * 4) Isa 9:6 after 1 st clause * 5) Isa 53 middle of v.10 * 6) Isa 61 middle of v.2 * 7) Lam 4: 21-22 * 8) Dan 9: 26-27 * 9) Dan 11: 20-21 * 10) Hos 2: 13-14 * 11) Hos 3: 4-5 * 12) Amo 9: 10-11 * Book Gap Evident 13) Mic 5: 2-3 * 14) Hab 2: 13-14 * 15) Zep 9: 7-8 * 16) Zec 10:9-10 * 17) Mt 10 middle of v.23 ( ) 18) Mt 12 middle of v.20 * 19) Lk 1: 31-32 * 20) Lk 4:18-20 (our Lord quoting Isa 61:1,2) 21) Lk 21 middle of v. 24 * 22) Jn 1: 5-6 ? 23) 1 Pet 1 middle of v. 11 ? 24) Rev 12: 5-6 * 198

Jude 16  The Evil Life 16 These are inveterate murmurers (grumblers) who complain [of their lot in life], going after their own desires [controlled by their passions]; their talk is boastful and arrogant, [and they claim to] admire men's persons and pay people flattering compliments to gain advantage. Enoch had described these men and had prophesied their divine destruction (Jd.15). They murmur against all true authority and discipline as the children of Israel murmured against Moses in the desert; They are discontented with the lot which God has appointed to them; Their lusts are their dictators; Their speech is arrogant and proud; They are toadies of the great for sake of gain (Jd.16). 199

Jude 16  Recognition of an Apostate 16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. Recognition of an Apostate The Church will be without excuse if it fails to recognize apostates when they appear (vv. 8, 10, 12, 13...). 1) murmurers... people of Israel; 2) complainers... Angels’ dissatisfaction with their assigned place; 3) walking after their own lusts... Sodom and Gomorrah. 200

Jude 16  Grumblers and Complainers 16 These are inveterate murmurers (grumblers) who complain [of their lot in life], going after their own desires [controlled by their passions]; their talk is boastful and arrogant, [and they claim to] admire men's persons and pay people flattering compliments to gain advantage. Jude lays out his 3 last description of the evil men. They are grumblers, forever discontented with the life which God has allotted to them. He uses two words, one which was very familiar to his Jewish readers and one which was very familiar to his Greek readers. 201

Jude 16  Grumblers and Complainers 16 These are inveterate murmurers (grumblers) who complain [of their lot in life], going after their own desires [controlled by their passions]; their talk is boastful and arrogant, [and they claim to] admire men's persons and pay people flattering compliments to gain advantage. "mempsimoiros" is made up of two Greek words "memphesthai" which means to blame and "moira" which means one's allotted fate or life. A "mempsimoiros" was a man who was forever grumbling about life in general. The evil men are chronically discontented with life and with the place in life that God has given to them. He can find something to grumble about in any situation, find some fault with the best of bargains, the kindest of deeds, the most complete of successes, the richest of good fortune. Such grumbling is an insult to God. "There is great gain in godliness with contentment" (1Tim.6:6) 202

Jude 16  Grumblers and Complainers 16These are inveterate murmurers (grumblers) who complain [of their lot in life], going after their own desires [controlled by their passions]; their talk is boastful and arrogant, [and they claim to] admire men's persons and pay people flattering compliments to gain advantage. Jude reiterates: The conduct of these evil men is governed by their desires. Self-discipline and self-control are nothing; Moral law is only a burden and a nuisance; Honor and duty have no claim upon them; They have no desire to serve and no sense of responsibility. Their one value is pleasure and their one dynamic is desire. They speak with pride and arrogance, yet at the same time they are ready to pander to the great, if they think that they can get anything out of it. Jude's opponents are glorifiers of themselves and flatterers of others, as they think the occasion demands. 203

Jude 16  Murmurers 16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. Murmurers The noun “murmurers” is found nowhere else in the New Testament. The verb form is found in several passages: “Jews murmured at Him...Bread of Life (Jn 6:41). “Disciples murmured...walked no more... (Jn 6:61,66; Eph 2:2-3) Murmuring was a sin of no minor importance: it is the hallmark of apostasy (Ps 106:24-26; 1 Cor 10:10). Phillip 2:14 Do all things without murmurings and disputings: 204

Jude 16  Complainers 16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. Complainers This noun is found nowhere else in the New Testament. Pharisees “found fault”...traditions... (Mk 7:2,6,8). Making the Word of God of no effect through tradition is a form of apostasy wherever it is found. Faultfinding may mark a professing Christian as one who has turned his back upon the truth! Complainers may be apostates (v.8,10; cf. 2Co 11:15; 1Co 5:11). “...displeased the Lord in the Days of Moses” (Num 11:1); “...displeased the Lord” (Mk 7); Compare “those dissatisfied with their lot” (angels v.6) with “whatsoever state we’re in” (Phil 4:11). 205

Jude 16  Walking After Their Own Lusts 16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. Walking After Their Own Lusts This is the same word as the Lord uses in the Parable of the Sower (Mk 4:18-19). “...scoffers, walking after their own lusts...” (2 Pet 3:3-5). Trio in the Old Testament, mixed multitude (with Israel, not of Israel): Murmurers (Num 14:2); Complainers (Num 11:1); “Fell a lusting” (Num 11:4). 206

Jude 16  Great Swelling Words / Flattery 16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. Their Mouth Speaketh Great Swelling Words This is the same expression found in 2 Peter 2:15-21; The Doctrine of Demons (1 Tim 4:1); Identified of the Last Leader (2 Thes 2:3,11; Rev 13:5-6). Having Men’s Persons in Admiration... “Professionalism” replacing the call of the Holy Spirit “Entertainment” replacing Worship “Comfort” replacing Correction “Refreshments” replacing Relationship “Groaning” replacing Growth “Appeasement” replacing Exhortation 207

Jude 17  Remember the Word! 17] But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ, The faithful could and should have expected all this to happen. The apostles of Jesus Christ had foretold the rise of evil men (Jd.18-19). Remember the Word! These verses end the longest paragraph: v.5-19. It began with Old Testament references, It concludes with New Testament apostles. Remember, cherish, and rejoice: HIS WORD (Prov 30:5). Rejoice...as those who find great spoil (Ps 119:162)....more to be desired than fine gold (Ps 19:10). Doctrine of Inspiration: Not man’s wisdom but by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 2:13); Not by man’s will of man but as moved by the Holy Spirit (2Ptr 1:21) 208

Jude 17-19  Apostolic Warnings 17] But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ, Apostolic Warnings Paul:grievous wolves not sparing the flock (Ac 20:29; Rv 2:1-7) seducing spirits, doctrines of demons (1 Tim 4:1); in the last days, perilous times (2 Tim 3:1). Peter:Scoffers, after their own lusts (2 Pet 3:1-3) = willing ignorance; deliberate rejection. The apostles had given warning that in the last times just such evil men as are now among them would come. 209

Jude 18-19  Mock at Sin 18] How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts. Fools Make a Mock at Sin (Prov 14:9) Progress in human wisdom and knowledge does not lessen the tendency of men to engage in ancient folly. Humanism and relativism have left this country morally bankrupt. Jude's quotation is not in any New Testament book. He may be quoting an apostolic book which we no longer possess. He may be quoting some oral tradition of the apostolic preaching; or some sermon which he himself had heard from the apostles. He may be giving the general sense of a passage like 1Tim 4:1-3. He is saying to his people that error within the church was expected. 210

Jude 18-19  Mock at Sin 18] How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts. Fools Make a Mock at Sin (Prov 14:9) There are still those today who believe that the once accepted standards of morality and fidelity are quite out of date. "The fool says in his heart, There is no God" (Ps.53:1). Foolishly he says there is no God but it is entirely wishful thinking. If there is a God, then he is wrong and can only look forward to judgment; therefore, he denies God thinking it will eliminate God. He is like a child who closes his eyes and thinks the danger that is frightening him no longer exists. Those who eliminate the moral law and give free rein to their passions and desires, do so because they want to do as they like. They listen to themselves instead of listening to God - and they forget that there will come a day when they will be compelled to listen to him. 211

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations Luther: “those who make factions.” Those who bring about divisions because of borderlines, or limits = sin, not just ecclesiastical doctrines. Neglect of the Word  Contrary teaching  Reformation. Obverse: “There must needs be heresies among you that they who are approved may be made manifest among you...” (1 Cor 11:19). 3Jn 9-10. Diotrophes caused division in the church; he refused to receive John, he loved his own preeminence... He was an apostate: speaking evil of John, malicious words; refusing to receive the brethren; forbidding others who would have done so; even casting brethren out of the church; “Let each esteem the other better...” (Phil 2:3); Christ is to have preeminence (Col 1:18). “…He that doeth evil hath not seen God.” (3Jn 1:11) 212

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations These evil men set up divisions - they are fleshly creatures, without the Spirit. To set up divisions within the church is always sin. Actions  At the Love Feasts they had their own little cliques. By their conduct they were steadily destroying fellowship within the church. They were drawing a circle to shut men out instead of drawing a circle to take them in. Attitudes  There were certain thinkers in the early church who had a way of looking at human nature which essentially split men into two classes. 213

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations There were certain thinkers in the early church who had a way of looking at human nature which split men into two classes. To the Greek, man was body ("soma"), soul ("psuche") and spirit ("pneuma"). "Soma" was simply man's physical construction. "Psuche" is more difficult to understand. To the Greeks "soul," "psuche," was simply physical life; everything that lived and breathed had "psuche." "Pneuma" spirit, was quite different, it belonged to man alone, and was that which made him a thinking creature, kin to God, able to speak to God and to hear him. 214

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations These thinkers went on to argue that all men possessed "psuche" but very few really possessed "pneuma“ and could rise to real religion Only the "pneumatikoi“ were capable of real intellectual knowledge, real knowledge of God and real spiritual experience. Only the really intellectual, the elite, possessed "pneuma“ The "psuchikoi“ were physically alive but intellectually and spiritually dead and so must be content to remain on the lower levels of religious experience. We might call them the fleshly creatures. All they possessed was flesh and blood life; Intellectual progress and spiritual experience were beyond them. 215

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations These people who believed themselves to be the "pneumatikoi" believed that they were exempt from all the ordinary laws governing a man's conduct. Ordinary people might have to observe the accepted standards but they were above that. For them sin did not exist; They were so advanced that they could do anything and be none the worse. We may well remember that there are still people who believe that they are above the laws, who say in their hearts that it could never happen to them and believe that they can get away with anything. 216

Jude 19  Make Separations 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. They Who Make Separations Jude cleverly deals with these people who say that the rest of the world are the "psuchikoi" while they are the "pneumatikoi“. Jude takes their words and reverses them saying to them, "It is you who are the ‘psuchikoi’ the flesh-dominated; You are the sensual ones, trapped by your feelings and lusts. It is you who possess no ‘pneuma’ no real knowledge and no experience of God." Although they thought of themselves as the only truly religious people, they had no real religion at all. Those whom they despised were much better than they are themselves. These so-called intellectual spiritual people desired to sin and so they twisted grace into a justification for sin. 217

Jude 19  Sensual 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. Sensual The Greek word is psychikos. This is not lasciviousness (wanton, lewd…) (v.4) Nor is it walking after ungodly lusts (v.16). It is soulish, in the realm of the senses. Tripartite man: spirit, soul, body (1 Thes 5:23). The spirit is God consciousness; The soul is self-consciousness, our personality, our emotions, our will. Our best English equivalent = the natural man (1Co 2:14). 218

Jude 19  Not having the Spirit 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. Is An Apostate Saved? Believers are normally spiritual - if they are obedient to the Word of God (1 Cor 2:15). They may be carnal or babes (1 Cor 3:1), They are never described as being sensual or natural men. The unsaved are natural men, They are dominated by the senses of the self. They receive not the things of the spirit which are “foolishness” to them. There is no passage of Scripture which could be the basis for the concept that a natural man was ever anything but an unsaved man. 219

Jude 19  Not having the Spirit 19] These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. “Having not the Spirit” An apostate never became a child of God (no matter how prominent, how public, etc.). “If any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of His” (Ro 8:9) The apostate fakes the distinguishing mark of the true believer: the seal until the day of redemption (Eph 1:13-14). A Christian is: Baptized by the Spirit into the Body of Christ Sealed by the Spirit Indwelt by the Spirit Taught by the Spirit Led by the Spirit Can cry... “Abba, Father...” (Gal 4:6) An apostate knows nothing of these things. 220

Jude 20-21  Building, Praying, Keeping, Looking 20] But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, 21] Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. Building, Praying, Keeping, Looking Contrast this with v19: ungodliness, separations, sensuality. This verse is the counterpart to verse 3: The Sword of Nehemiah 4:17-18 Spiritual Building: The Church (Mt 16:18); Foundation of apostles, prophets (Eph 2:20); Christ = Chief Cornerstone; We = “living stones...spiritual house” (1 Pet 2:5); Our works: stones vs. stubble (1 Cor 3;10-15). 221

Jude 20-21 What did You Expect ? The faithful could and should have expected all this to happen. The apostles of Jesus Christ had foretold the rise of evil men (Jd.18-19). The duty of the true Christian is: to build his life on the foundation of the most holy faith; to learn to pray in the power of the Holy Spirit; to remember the conditions of the covenant into which the love of God has called him; to wait for the mercy of Jesus Christ (Jd.20-21). 222

Jude 20-21  Building Up Yourselves 20] But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, 21] Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. “Building Up Yourselves” We bear the responsibility for self-development. “Building” is a present participle  lifelong task. Diligence  Faith  Virtue  Knowledge  Self-control  Patience  Godliness  Brotherly Kindness  Love (2Ptr 1:5-7) How? (Acts 20:32). Faith comes by hearing...Word of God (Rom 10:17); Cleansing from sin (Eph 5:26; Jn 17:17); Obedience brings blessings (Jas 1:25); When we desire it, we grow thereby (1 Pet 2:2); Whoso keepeth..in Him...love perfected (1 Jn 2:5). 223

Jude 20-21  Building Up Yourselves 20] But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; 21] you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. Christian living is built on a strong, firm foundation. We received it. We don’t manufacture it. We build out lives on it. It came from Jesus to the apostles; It came from the apostles to the church; and It comes from the church to us. The faith we hold is not merely someone's personal opinion; It is a revelation which came from Jesus Christ, the corner stone, and was preserved and transmitted from generation to generation within his church. Always under the care and the guidance of the Holy Spirit, 224

Jude 20-21  Faith Most Holy 20] But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; 21] you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. That faith is a most holy faith. That which is holy is different from other things Our faith is different in two ways. It is not man-made but God-given. It is not opinion but revelation, not guessing but certainty. It has the power to change those who believe it; make them different. It is not only a mind-changer but also a life-changer. It is an intellectual belief but more; it is a moral dynamic. 225

Jude 20-21  Pray in the Holy Spirit 20] But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; 21] you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. Prayer is to be in the Holy Spirit. It should be inline with God’s plan, purposes, and work. Sometimes our prayers tend to be selfish and blind. It is only when the Holy Spirit takes full possession of us that our desires are so purified that our prayers are right. Christians are bound to pray to God, but he alone can teach us how to pray and what to pray for. 226

Jude 20-21  Praying in the Holy Spirit 20] But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, 21] Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. “Praying in the Holy Spirit” (Eph 6:18; Rom 8:26-27). The good man is a man of prayer. The Christian must test everything by the will of God. He must take everything to God for his direction and approval. The Christian knows that of himself he can do nothing but that with God all things are possible. He must ever be taking his insufficiency to God's sufficiency. Real faith means dependence on God. 227

Jude 20-21  Keep Yourselves in the Love of God 20] But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, 21] Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. “Keep Yourselves in the Love of God” Compare v1: We are kept for Jesus Christ, also 1 Pet 1:5 (cf. angels “kept” in everlasting bonds...). Not “keep on loving God”; it’s His Love, not ours, in view (Jn 15:9). The Prodigal Son removed himself from the place where he could enjoy the benefits of his father’s love to the fullest. He did not keep himself in the love of his father...Luke 15. How do we keep ourselves in the Love of God? It is a call to obedience (Jn 15:10; 1 Jn 3:23). “ Looking for”: Gk  “waiting for” (Lk 12:36) = “looking for” (Tit 2:13) Progression: faith  love  blessed hope Involving: Holy Spirit / Father / Son 228

Jude 20-21  Keep in the Love of God 20] But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; 21] you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. God came to his people promising that he would be their God and they would be his people; but that relationship depended on their accepting and obeying the law which he gave them. (Exo.24:1-8) In one sense that we can never drift beyond God's love and care, but… It is also true that, if we desire to remain in close communion with God, we must give him the perfect love and the perfect obedience that we so dearly owe… 229

Jude 20-21  Bring You to Life Eternal 20] But you, beloved, must build yourselves up on the foundation of your most holy faith; you must pray in the Holy Spirit; 21] you must keep yourselves in the love of God; while you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ which will bring you to life eternal. The man of faith waits with expectation for the coming of Jesus Christ. He knows that Christ's purpose for him is to bring him to eternal life with God himself. This is the role of Hope  expectant anticipation What I believe about the future that changes how I act today. 230

Jude 22-23  Reclaiming the Lost 22] Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh." Different translators give differing translations of this passage. The reason is that there is much doubt as to what the true Greek text is. The Christian has a binding duty to save; not destroy. His aim must be to win them back into the Christian fellowship not to banish them from the Christian church. James Denney: “Jesus came to make bad men good.” Sir John Seeley: "When the power of reclaiming the lost dies out of the church, it ceases to be the church." 231

Jude 22-23 False thinkers, loose living… False thinkers and the loose livers: -- some may be saved with loving correction while they are still hesitating on the brink of their evil ways; -- others have to be snatched like kindling from a fire to keep from burning. In carrying out this rescue work, the Christian must have that godly fear which: -- will love the sinner but hate the sin and -- must avoid the pollution of those he seeks to save (Jd.22- 23). The power of God will be with them and keep them from falling, bringing them pure and joyfully into his presence (Jd.24-25). 232

Jude 22-23  Mercy, Fire, Fear 22] And of some have compassion, making a difference: 23] And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. Reclaiming the Lost, A Sacred Duty Jude divides the troublers within the church into three classes, to each of whom a different approach is necessary. 1) MERCY  Compassionate understanding: Sincere doubts trouble them; 2) FIRE  Urgent Boldness: If they are to be snatched from an eternity of fiery judgment; 3) FEAR  Cautious Compassion: Lest the soul-winner himself be endangered with their sins. 233

Jude 22-23  Mercy, Fire, Fear 22] And of some have compassion, making a difference: 23] And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. 1) Mercy The first mention: “Blessed are the merciful...” (Mt 5:7); The last mention: Here. “ Doubt”: First mention was when Peter was sinking (Mt 14:31). Be ready to gi4(Jas 1:5). “ Refute”: punitive sense (Heb 12:5); The Word can refute, punish, convict, and convert. Starts with Mercy and Compassion in Love “and some [you must] refute while [if] they dispute with you” (v.9). 234

Jude 22  Mercy 22] Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh.“ There are those who are flirting with falsehood. They are attracted by the wrong way and are on the brink of committing themselves to error, but are still hesitating before taking the final step. They must be argued out of their error while there is time. We must study to be able to defend the faith and give a reason for the hope that is in us. We must know what we believe so that we can meet error with truth; We must make ourselves able to defend the faith in such a way that our graciousness and sincerity may win others to it. We must banish all uncertainty from our minds and all arrogance and intolerance from our approach to others. 235

Jude 22  Mercy 22] Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh.“ To those who are flirting with falsehood, timing is crucial… We must be ready to speak while they are still wavering. Many would have been saved from error of thought and of action, if someone else had only spoken in time. Sometimes we hesitate to speak but, there are many times when silence is cowardly. Silence always causes more harm than a word fitly spoken ever would. 236

Jude 22-23  Fire 22] Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh.“ There are those who have to be snatched from the fire. They have actually started out on the wrong way. They have to be stopped and forcibly pulled from the fire even if it is against their will. It is all very well to say that we must leave a man his freedom and that he has a right to do what he likes. But, there are times when a man must be forcibly saved from himself. 237

Jude 22-23  Mercy, Fire, Fear 22] And of some have compassion, making a difference: 23] And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. 2) Eternal Fire (v.7) The first mention was the unquenchable fire (Mt 3:10-12). The last mention: Rev 21:8. Lot and his daughters (Gen 19:15,16,24); only by intercession?! Firebrand plucked out of the burning (Amos 4:11); Even a high priest snatched (Zech 3:1,2). 238

Jude 23  Mercy, Fire, Fear 22] And of some have compassion, making a difference: 23] And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. 3) Godly Fear We are at risk; mingle zeal with godly fear (Prov 1:7; 9:10; 14:16; 4:14,15). Don’t be tempted to “tone down” the Gospel (Prov 19:27; 28:4). “Spotted garment”: Don’t covet that which is denied us (Josh 7). 239

Jude 23  Fear 22] Some of them you must argue out of their error, while they are still wavering. Others you must rescue by snatching them out of the fire. 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh.“ There are those we must both pity and fear at the same time. There is danger to the sinner There is also danger to the rescuer. If we are to work to cure an infectious disease we run the risk of being infected. We must hate a stained garment We must not allow our garment to be stained by the flesh. 240

Jude 23  Fear 23] Others you must pity and fear at the same time, hating the garment stained by the flesh.“ The garment worn by a person discovered to be suffering from leprosy must be burned so as not to infect others. (Lev13:47-52) The rescue of those in error is not for everyone to attempt. The rescuer must himself be strong in the faith. His own feet must be firm on the dry land before he can throw a lifebelt to the man who is likely to be swept away. He must himself be very sure of his position in Christ Those who would fight the disease of sin must themselves have the strong antiseptic of a healthy faith. The blind cannot lead the blind. Ignorance can never be met with ignorance. "I know whom I have believed." 241

Jude 24-25  Unto Him who is able… 24] Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, 25] to the only God, our Saviour, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and power, before all time, at this present time, and for all time. Amen. 3X in the New Testament praise is given to the God who is able. Ro16:25 Paul gives praise to the God who is able to strengthen us. God is the one person who can give us a foundation for life which nothing and no one can ever shake. Eph.3:20 Paul gives praise to the God who is able to do far more than we can ever ask or even dream of. He is the God whose grace no man has every exhausted and on whom no claim can ever be too much. 242

Jude 24-25  Unto Him who is able… 24] Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, Jude adds his praise to the God who is able. God is able to keep us from slipping. The word is "aptaistos" used of a sure-footed horse which does not stumble and of a man who does not fall into error. "He will not let your foot be moved,“ (Ps.121:3). To walk with God is to walk in safety even on the most dangerous and the most slippery path. In mountaineering climbers are roped together so that even if the inexperienced climber should slip, the skilled mountaineer can take his weight and save him. We must bind ourselves to God -- He keeps us safe. 243

Jude 24-25  Stand blameless…Exultant 24] Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, He can make us stand blameless in the presence of his glory. The word for blameless is "amomos" a sacrificial word; commonly and technically used of an animal which is without spot or blemish and is therefore fit to be offered to God. When we submit ourselves to God, his grace can make our lives a sacrifice fit to offer to him. He can bring us into his presence exultant. The natural way to think of entry into the presence of God is in fear and in shame. By the work of Jesus Christ and in the grace of God, we can go to God with joy and with all fear banished. Through Jesus Christ, God the stern Judge has become known to us as God the loving Father. 244

Jude 24-25  Savior 24] Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, 25] to the only God, our Saviour, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and power, before all time, at this present time, and for all time. Amen. We usually associate the word Savior with Jesus Christ Here Jude attaches it to God. God, the Father, is often called Savior in the New Testament (Lk.1:47; 1Tim.1:1; 1Tim.2:3; 1Tim.4:10; Tit.1:3; Tit.2:10; Tit.3:4). Jude ends with the great and comforting certainty that at the back of everything there is a God whose name is Savior. The Christian has the joy and certainty that in this world he lives in the love of God and that in the next world he goes to that love. It is in the love of God that we live and that is our goal in life. 245

Jude 24-25  Grand Benediction / Doxology 24] Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, 25] To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen. Letter began and ends, with Assurance. There is nothing to suggest that a true child of God can become an apostate. Secrets of one’s walk penned long before (Prv 3:19-23); Over 30 New Testament admonitions to walk in the Lord (1Th 4:1). Run, don’t walk (Heb 12:1; Prov 4:10, 12; Isa 40:31; Ps 37:24). Stumbles? Psa 37:23 -24 The steps of a good man are ordered by the LORD: and he delighteth in his way. 24 Though he fall, he shall not be utterly cast down: for the LORD upholdeth him with his hand. 246

Jude 24-25  Transition 24] Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, 25] To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen. Transition: “Set you in the presence of His glory” = the highest pinnacle of truth in the epistle (Jn 17:24). “...without blemish” (Gr. amomos ) Cf. Eph 5:26,27. “...we shall be like him, for... (1 Jn 3:2); a lamb without blemish and without spot (1 Pet 1:19). “...exceeding joy”: contemplation of inheritance (1 Pet 1:6); anticipation of Christ’s return (1 Pet 1:6,8; Rev 19:6,7). “ God our Saviour”: 1 Tim 2:5. Believing in God is insufficient—the Cross is essential! (Jn 14:6; Acts 4:12). The same expression: NT (1Tim 1:1; 2:3; Tit 3:4-6); OT (Ps 106:21; Is 60:16; Ps 80:1-3). 247

Jude 24-25  Glory, Majesty, Dominion, Power 24] Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, 25] To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen. “Glory, Majesty, Dominion, and Power” The only other New Testament verse with all four is Heb 1:3. “Glory”: Divine radiance that shines (Lk 2:9); Blinds (Acts 22:11); Protected by smoke (Rev 15:8). “Majesty”: Only here and Heb 1:3; 8:1; Incomparable, ineffable regal presence of the Ruler of the Universe; Suggests the omniscience of God upon the throne. “Power”: Irresistible divine authority and might; omnipotence. 248

Jude 24-25  before all time, now and forever 24] Unto him who is able to keep you from slipping and to make you stand blameless and exultant in the presence of his glory, 25] to the only God, our Saviour, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and power, before all time, at this present time, and for all time. Amen. Having comprehended the glorious brightness, the unutterable regal Being of the One who sits on the throne, the limitless extent of His rule, and the unlimited strength of His might, Jude can write no more…. Demonstrates the limits of human language to describe God… 1Ch 29:11 Thine, O LORD, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heaven and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O LORD, and thou art exalted as head above all. 12 Both riches and honour come of thee, and thou reignest over all; and in thine hand is power and might; and in thine hand it is to make great, and to give strength unto all. “...before all time,” (before the most distant stars were created...) “...and now,” (the only epoch we can impact) “and forever more.” (Let us add our “Amen” to his...) What a way to end! AMEN! 249

Bibliography Barclay, William, The Book of Jude, A New Testament Commentary Barnes, Albert, Jude, Baker Book House, Grand Rapids MI, 1884. Coder, S. Maxwell, Jude, The Acts of the Apostates, Moody Press, Chicago IL, 1958. Fausset, A. R., Jude, Critical, Experimental, and Practical Commentary on the Old and New Testaments, Vol VI, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids MI, 1948. Green, Michael, 2 Peter and Jude, Inter-Varsity Press, Leicester, England, 1968. Ironside, H. A., The Epistles of John and The Epistle of Jude, Loizeaux Brothers Inc., Neptune NJ, 1931. Kistemaker, Simon J., Peter and Jude, Baker, Grand Rapids MI, 1987. Missler, Chuck, Commentary on the Book of Jude, Koininia House. Salmond, S.D.F., et al., Jude, The Pulpit Commentary, Vol 22, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids MI, 1950. 250

The Book of Jude BEWARE THE LAMB Slide 1. 2 Jude 1-11 Barclay Slide 3 Jud 1:1-2 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this.

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The Book of Jude BEWARE THE LAMB Slide 1. 2 Jude 1-11 Barclay Slide 3 Jud 1:1-2 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this.

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Presentation on theme: "The Book of Jude BEWARE THE LAMB Slide 1. 2 Jude 1-11 Barclay Slide 3 Jud 1:1-2 Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James, sends this."— Presentation transcript:

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